广东省云浮市2021届高三英语考前热身试题（含解析）

广东省云浮市 2021 届高三英语考前热身试题（含解析） 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Hear Clear Go Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid is a popular member of our rechargeable hearing aid family for a good reason: it combines great performance with incredible value! This hearing aid features advanced third- generation digital technology at an unbelievably affordable price. The Go is packed with the same key technologies that all high-end digital hearing aids share while leaving out the extra fancy bells and whistles that increase costs and require expensive adjustments. With the Go, youll hear clearly while saving a lot of money. With the Gos included charging station, you wont have to keep buying and replacing tiny hearing aid batteries! Youll love the lightweight design. The Go is pre-programmed for most moderate to significant hearing losses no costly professional adjustments needed. They are shipped directly to you and will help you hear better right out of the box! You can spend thousands for an expensive hearing aid, or you can spend just $239 for a hearing aid that is great for most hearing losses (only $199 each when you buy a pair hear up to 3 times better than wearing just one). We are so sure you will love your hearing aids. We offer a 100% Money Back Guarantee Risk Free if you are not satisfied for any reason. No costly professional appointments needed! With our free telecare, you can call our friendly and caring staff from the comfort and safety of your home to discuss your hearing care. 1. What do we know about the Go? A. Its price is unbelievably low. B. It features fancy bells and whistles. C. It includes charging station and batteries.D. It needs expensive professional adjustments. 2. How much should you pay to buy a pair? A. $239. B. $478. C. $199. D. $398. 3. Where is the text most likely from? A. A magazine. B. A research paper. C. A travel brochure. D. A scientific journal. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一则广告，向读者介绍了 the Hear Clear Go 数码助听器的特点，价格和 售后服务。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“With the Gos included charging station, you won t have to keep buying and replacing tiny hearing aid batteries! Youll love the lightweight design.(Go 有一个内置的充电站，这样你就不必一直购买和更换微型助 听器电池了!你会喜欢轻量级的设计)”可知，Go 有一个充电站和电池。故选 C。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“only $199 each when you buy a pair (成对买的话，每 个只需 199 美元)”可知，买一副助听器需要支付 1992=398 。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The Hear Clear Go Rechargeable Digital Hearing Aid is a popular member of our rechargeable hearing aid family for a good reason(Hear Clear Go 可充电数字助听器是我们可充电助听器家族中受欢迎的一员，有一 个很好的理由)”及下文对 the Hear Clear Go 数码助听器的特点，价格和售后服务的介绍 可知，本文是一则广告。由此推知，本文可能出自一本杂志。故选 A。 B If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that its part of a fruit right? Actually, no. A banana peel can take up to two years to be naturally processed, and with a third of motorists admitting to littering while driving, thats a whole lot of discarded banana peels. An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana peel, but tin cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles. Despite the fact that longer-lasting materials will serve to damage the environment and its animals for longer, we cant merely measure the severity of a certain type of rubbish by its lifetime. For example, despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette- related litter is discarded in the UK every day. Its not a cheap habit either: to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers 500 million, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to 1 billion. So, its not surprising that if caught fly-tipping you could face a 20,000 fine or even jail time and, if you disposed of something dangerous, the court could give you five years to serve. Regardless of how severe these punishments might seem, however, among the reported cases only 2,000 were found guilty out of 825,000, so we still have some way to go in making sure people obey the rules. 4. What does the underlined word “discarded” in para1 mean? A. Harmless. B. Processed. C. Thrown. D. Long- lasting. 5. Which of the following has the longest biodegrading term? A. Glass bottles. B. Tin cans. C. Cigarette butts. D. Banana peels. 6. What can be inferred from the passage? A. The severity of rubbish can be measured by its lifetime. B. Quite a few people were found guilty of illegally littering. C. Every year UK taxpayers spend 500 million keeping streets free of dirt. D. Cigarette-related litter and peels can be ignored for their fairly short lifetime. 7. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To inform readers of different biodegrading terms. B. To call for people not to litter illegally. C. To encourage people to use fewer plastic bags. D. To stress the importance of good behavior. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同的垃圾降解需要的时间不同，以此来号召人 们合法扔垃圾。 【4 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that its part of a fruitright?(如果你在高速公路上开 车时把香蕉皮从车里扔出去，这是完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部分，对吗？)”句 中的 throw 可推知， “discarded banana peels”意为“被扔的香蕉皮”,即划线词意为 “被扔的” ，与 thrown 同义。故选 C。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“An orange peel and a cigarette butt has a similar biodegrading (生物降解) term to that of a banana, but tin cans last up to 100 years; and plastic bottles last forever, as do glass bottles.(橘子皮和烟蒂的生 物降解术语与香蕉相似（2 年） ，但锡罐的寿命可以长达 100 年；塑料瓶和玻璃瓶一样可以 永远保存)”及选项对比可知，玻璃瓶的生物降解时间最长。故选 A。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“For example, despite having a fairly short length of biodegrading time, more than 120 tons of cigarette-related litter is discarded in the UK every day.(例如，尽管生物降解时间相当短，但英国每天仍有 120 多吨与香烟有关的垃圾被丢弃)”和倒数第一段中的“Its not a cheap habit either: to keep our streets clean annually costs UK taxpayers 500 million, and when you include our green spaces, that goes up to 1 billion.(这也不是一个廉价的习 惯:保持街道清洁每年要花费英国纳税人 5 亿英镑，如果算上我们的绿色空间，这将高达 10 亿英镑)”可知，每年英国纳税人需花费 5 亿英镑来保持街道干净。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“If you were to throw, say, a banana peel out of your car while driving along the motorway, that would be a completely harmless action, due to the fact that its part of a fruitright? Actually, no. (如果你 在高速公路上开车时把香蕉皮从车里扔出去，这是完全无害的行为，因为它是水果的一部 分，对吗？事实上，不对)”及下文的解释可知，作者写作的目的在于号召人们不要非法扔 垃圾。故选 B。 C Delivering medical supplies to hard-to-reach places has been an issue for years. Worldwide, more than two billion people lack access to essential life- saving supplies, such as blood and vaccines（疫苗）. In the African nation of Rwanda, for example, several remote health clinics do not have sufficient quantities of blood and other healthcare products. A company called Zipline is trying to address this problem. It uses drones（无人机）to transport medical supplies around Rwanda. A drone can now deliver medicine in 30 minutes. Drones are also assisting emergency organizations after natural disasters. In 2015, for example, a powerful hurricane destroyed thousands of buildings in the Pacific island nation of Vanuatu. Around 75,000 people lost their homes, and at least 15 died. After the storm, drones photographed the damage. These surveys helped emergency workers assess the situation quickly and answer important questions: Which areas were hardest hit? Were crops damaged? What roads were affected? Drones are also helping to protect wildlife populations in parts of Africa and Asia. Every year, poachers（偷猎者） kill thousands of elephants, rhinos, and other endangered animals. To stop them; the environmental organization World Wildlife Fund is using drones to find where poachers are hiding and if they are carrying weapons. Equipped with infrared video cameras, drones can easily identify people and animals at night. These drones are not only helpful, they are affordable. As well as finding poachers, drones can be used to track animals. Scientists at Liverpool John Moores University （LJMU）plan to employ drones for an ambitious conservation project: documenting the worlds wildlife. The long-term project will start with scientific surveys of animal populations. And animal species can then be identified using special software. Ironically（讽刺地）, a tool originally created for military use is increasingly being used to save lives instead of taking then. Drones have the potential to provide solutions that will benefit both humans and animals. 8. What does the text focus on? A. Importance of saving lives. B. Development of drones. C. Applications of drones. D. Ways to protect animals. 9. What can drones be used for according to Paragraph 2? A. Helping predict disasters. B. Providing data for evaluation. C. Organizing emergency workers. D. Reporting local weather. 10. What do the scientists at LJMU intend to do? A. Track poachers. B. Design new practical drones. C. Record wild animals in detail. D. Develop an assessing software. 11. What can be inferred about drones? A. They need to be fitted with video cameras. B. They are unavailable to ordinary people. C. They should be limited to military use. D. They have a promising prospect. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. C 11. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了无人机在运送医疗用品、为评估提供数据、追踪记录野生 动物、保护野生动物等方面的应用。作者认为无人机有很好的前景。 【8 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“A company called Zipline is trying to address this problem. It uses drones（无人机）to transport medical supplies around Rwanda.”（一家名为 Zipline 的公司正试图解决难以向偏远地区运送医疗用品这个 问题。它使用无人机在卢旺达各地运送医疗用品）可知，文章主要讲的是无人机的应用。 故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“After the storm, drones photographed the damage. These surveys helped emergency workers assess the situation quickly and answer important questions: Which areas were hardest hit? Were crops damaged? What roads were affected?”（风暴过后，无人机拍下了损坏的照片。这些调查帮助紧急救援人 员迅速评估情况，并回答一些重要问题：哪些地区受灾最严重？作物受损？哪些道路受到 影响？）可知，无人机可以用来为评估提供数据。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Scientists at Liverpool John Moores University （LJMU）plan to employ drones for an ambitious conservation project: documenting the worlds wildlife. ”（利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学的科学家们计划将无人机 用于一个雄心勃勃的保护项目：记录世界上的野生动物）可知，利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学的 科学家们计划用无人机详细记录野生动物。故选 C。【 11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Drones have the potential to provide solutions that will benefit both humans and animals.”（无人机有可能提供造福人类 和动物的解决方案）可知，无人机有很好的前景。故选 D。 D Dogs feel their way through the world with their noses. Researchers have started imitating this super skill with an artificial-intelligence-based detective tool. In a study published in February in PLOS ONE, a multinational team reported an AI-powered system that is as accurate as trained dogs at correctly identifying cases of prostate cancer from urine samples. Andreas Mershin, a research scientist from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, wants to eventually integrate the technology into smartphones: There would be a tiny sensor in the phone with AI software running in the cloud. Prostate cancer, the second most deadly cancer in men worldwide, is difficult to detect. The most widely used test can miss 15 percent of cancers. Trained dogs, on the other hand, were able to identify patients with prostate cancer from urine samples more than 96 percent of the time. Yet dogs can get bored and tired, so researchers want to develop an AI system that works more consistently. Living cells produce chemicals that come out from the skin, blood, urine and breath. Artificial noses, including the Nano Nose that Mershin and one of his colleagues developed, can already detect those chemicals at the same parts- per-billion concentration as dogs. The team added to the chemical sensing an artificial neural networka type of AI algorithm that can learn from looking at examples how to identify faces, for instance. As the 2015 Journal of Urology study showed, dogs can be trained to reach more than 96 percent accuracy, and the AI can be trained to reach that same rate. Mershin plans to train the AI algorithm using data from the Nano Nose, which is currently one third the size of an iPhone 10 and could be further shrunk to be integrated into smartphones. 12. What is the Nano Nose? A. A device. B. A method. C. A database. D. A research team. 13. What is the advantage of the AI system over trained dogs in detecting prostate cancer? A. It has the ability to sense chemicals. B. It can collect samples in the cloud. C. It has the minimum error. D. It can ensure consistency. 14. Which of the following can best replace he underlined word shrunk in Paragraph 4? A. Made smaller. B. Cut shorter. C. Expanded. D. Upgraded. 15. What is the ultimate goal of the research? A. To train dogs to detect diseases. B. To identify artificial faces. C. To produce AI noses to detect diseases. D. To add an AI sensor to the smartphone. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。在今年 2 月发表在公共科学图书馆综合上的一项研究中， 一个跨国团队报告称，一种人工智能驱动的系统能像训练有素的狗一样准确地从尿液样本 中正确识别前列腺癌病例。文章介绍了这一系统相比于狗的优势以及工作原理，和未来的 发展目标。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Artificial noses, including the Nano Nose that Mershin and one of his colleagues developed, can already detect those chemicals at the same parts-per-billion concentration as dogs. The team added to the chemical sensing an artificial neural networka type of AI algorithm that can learn from looking at examples how to identify faces, for instance.(人造鼻子， 包括 Mershin 和他的一个同事开发的“Nano Nose”，已经可以像狗一样检测到十亿分之一 浓度的化学物质。该团队为化学传感添加了一种人工神经网络，这是一种人工智能算法， 可以通过观察实例学习如何识别人脸)”可知，Nano Nose 是一种设备。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Trained dogs, on the other hand, were able to identify patients with prostate cancer from urine samples more than 96 percent of the time. Yet dogs can get bored and tired, so researchers want to develop an AI system that works more consistently.(另一方面，经过训练的狗从尿液样本中识 别出前列腺癌患者的准确率超过了 96%。然而，狗会感到无聊和疲倦，所以研究人员想要 开发一种工作更稳定的人工智能系统)”可推知，在检测前列腺癌方面，人工智能系统和训 练有素的狗相比，其优势在于可以保证一致性。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Nano Nose, which is currently one third the size of an iPhone 10 and could be further”以及后文“to be integrated into smartphones”可知， “Nano Nose”目前只有 iPhone 10 的三分之一大小，可能会进一步缩 小，以便集成到智能手机中。故画线词意思是“缩小” 。A. Made smaller.缩小；B. Cut shorter.剪短；C. Expanded.扩大；D. Upgraded.提高。故选 A。 【15 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Andreas Mershin, a research scientist from Massachusetts Institute of Technology, wants to eventually integrate the technology into smartphones: There would be a tiny sensor in the phone with AI software running in the cloud.(麻省理工学院的研究科学家 Andreas Mershin 希望最终 能将这项技术整合到智能手机中：在手机中安装一个微型传感器，并在云端运行人工智能 软件)”可知，这项研究的最终目的是在智能手机上添加一个 AI 传感器。故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 People often want to simplify their lives. It is a lot of stress to have a complicated life, full of schedules, meetings, possessions, and so forth. Usually, a simpler life translates to less anxiety, stress and worry._16_Follow the step-by-step process below to bare down your lifestyle piece by piece. First, get rid of all the possessions you havent used in the last year. If you havent put a thing to use in one year, it is probably not worth keeping._17_ Put anything you havent used in one year in that bag. Next, manage your social media and electronics usage. We usually spend more time on our devices than we imagine. These days, people can spend the majority of their days on social media and electronic devices. These all-in-one devices are great tools._18_ On a deeper level, we can simplify our thinking. Most of our thinking is not necessary._19_If you do not want to go that far, try to ignore the thoughts that are not related to the present. A continuous stream of thoughts is not necessary. Sure, some planning should be done for the future, but there is no need to overthink. _20_We can get rid of possessions that are non-essential, manage our social media and electronics usage, and also clean up our thinking so that we are more in the present and do not engage in unnecessary worry, or anxiety. All these things take energy and time, of which we have only have a limited amount. A. No thought is important. B. Get rid of electronic devices C. So, how do we simplify our lives? D. Is planning our thoughts effort-making? E. Simplifying our lives is a complex task. F. But they should not become the main focus of our life. G. Get a big garbage bag and walk around your living space. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。人们常常想简化生活。复杂的生活充满了日程表、会议、财产 等等，这是一个很大的压力。通常，简单的生活意味着更少的焦虑、压力和担心。文章主 要就如何简化生活提出了一些方法。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“People often want to simplify their lives. It is a lot of stress to have a complicated life, full of schedules, meetings, possessions, and so forth. Usually, a simpler life translates to less anxiety, stress and worry.(人们常常 想简化生活。复杂的生活充满了日程表、会议、财产等等，这是一个很大的压力。通常， 简单的生活意味着更少的焦虑、压力和担心)”以及后文“Follow the step-by-step process below to bare down your lifestyle piece by piece.(按照下面的步骤一步一 步地改变你的生活方式)”可知，上文提到了简化生活的问题，后文则提到了简化生活的方 式，可推知本句承上启下，引出如何简化生活的问题。故 C 选项“那么，我们如何简化我 们的生活？”符合语境，故选 C。 【17 题详解】 根据上文“First, get rid of all the possessions you havent used in the last year. If you havent put a thing to use in one year, it is probably not worth keeping.(首先，处理掉你在过去的一年里没有使用过的所有物品。如果一件东西一年都没 用过，那它可能就不值得保存了)”以及后文“Put anything you havent used in one year in that bag.(把你一年没用过的东西都放进那个袋子里)”可知，上文提到处理掉很 久没有使用过的物品，后文提到放到袋子里，可知本句是在说明拿袋子，G 选项中 a big garbage bag 对应后文中 that bag。故 G 选项“拿一个大垃圾袋，在你的生活空间周围走 动”符合语境，故选 G。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“Next, manage your social media and electronics usage. We usually spend more time on our devices than we imagine. These days, people can spend the majority of their days on social media and electronic devices. These all- in-one devices are great tools.(接下来，管理你的社交媒体和电子产品的使用。我们 花在设备上的时间通常比我们想象的要多。如今，人们可以把大部分时间花在社交媒体和 电子设备上。这些多功能一体的设备是伟大的工具)”可知，上文提到花费太多时间在电子 设备上，本句为本段最后一句，与上文构成转折，指出这些设备不应该是生活的主要焦点。 F 选项中 they 指代上文中 These all-in-one devices。故 F 选项“但是它们不应该成为我 们生活的主要焦点”符合语境，故选 F。 【19 题详解】 根据上文“On a deeper level, we can simplify our thinking. Most of our thinking is not necessary.(在更深层次上，我们可以简化我们的思考。我们的大部分想法都是不 必要的)”以及后文“If you do not want to go that far, try to ignore the thoughts that are not related to the present. A continuous stream of thoughts is not necessary. Sure, some planning should be done for the future, but there is no need to overthink.(如果你不想走那么远，试着忽略那些与现在无关的想法。 连续不断的思想是没有必要的。当然，应该为未来做一些计划，但没有必要过度考虑)”可 知，上文提到我们大部分想法不必要，后文则说忽略那些与现在无关的想法，可知本句承 接上文进一步说明：没有什么想法是重要的。故 A 选项“没有什么想法是重要的”符合语 境，故选 A。 【20 题详解】 设空处为本段主旨句。根据后文“We can get rid of possessions that are non- essential, manage our social media and electronics usage, and also clean up our thinking so that we are more in the present and do not engage in unnecessary worry, or anxiety. All these things take energy and time, of which we have only have a limited amount.(我们可以摆脱那些不必要的东西，管理我们的社交媒体和电子产 品的使用，也可以清理我们的思维，这样我们就能更多地活在当下，而不会陷入不必要的 担心或焦虑。所有这些事情都需要精力和时间，而我们只有有限的精力和时间)”可知，本 段进一步总结上文简化生活的方法，指出简化生活是一项复杂的任务。故 E 选项“简化我 们的生活是一项复杂的任务”符合语境，故选 E。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 When my sisters and I were little, we were _21_ to take naps. The summer I was seven, I asked to take my _22_ in a tree in the orchard (果 园), the place I went to when I wanted to be alone and _23_. In the tree, I had a(n) _24_ view of the orchard, our house, fields, barns and fences. My sisters once forgot so completely that they stood under the tree_25_ secrets. One afternoon I climbed the tree _26_, grabbing branches and _27_ my feet carefully until I was as high as I could go. _28_, a flying noise attracted my attention. An owl _29_ on a thick branch and gripped it with her talons. She pressed her wings to her side and settled down. So natural did I make myself to the tree that the owl would not _30_ at my being there. She flew _31_ among branches until she noticed me. The owl hesitated for one second _32_ she lifted her wings and dropped away into space. I gasped and watched her go, _33_ she would return. She had been gone so long that I had _34_ on seeing her again. Unexpectedly, the owl reappeared in January, accompanied by her mate. The _35_