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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Welcome,Unit 8 Brave it Out,Grammar,句子的种类,Categories of Sentences,1.,陈述句,(Declarative Sentences),?,用来说明事实或说话人的看法。,I go to school by bike every day.,我每天骑自行车上学。,They are having an English class now.,他们现在正在上英语课。,She doesnt like playing basketball,.,她不喜欢打篮球。,陈述句的否定形式,：,1),凡陈述句中的谓语部分有助动词,be,have/has,或情态动词,can,may,must,will,shall,等,时，其否定式只需在它们后面加,not,即可。如：,Tom can speak English.(,肯定句,),汤姆会讲,英语。,Tom can not speak English.,(,否定句,),汤姆不,会讲英语。,2),如果陈述句中的谓语动词只是行为动词,而,没有助动词或情态动词时，其否定式要在行,为动词前加,do not,或第三人称单数加,does,not,；动词是过去时，在动词前加,did,not,；,后面的谓语动词用动词原形。,如：,They went to school by bike yesterday,.(,肯定句,),他,们昨天骑车上学。,They,did not,go to school by bike yesterday.(,否定,句,),他们昨天没骑车上学。,She studies very hard.,(,肯定句,),她非常努力学,习。,She,does not,study very hard.,(,否定句,),她学习不很,努力。,下列句子改为否定句：,?,1.He does some reading every day.,?,He_ _ _ reading every day.,?,2.I have to wash the dishes.,?,I _ _ _wash the dishes.,?,3.Tell him the news.,?,_ _ him the news.,?,4.She has brothers and sisters.,?,She _ _ brothers _ sisters.,?,5.I think she is right.,?,I _ _she _ right.,doesnt do any,dont have to,Dont tell,doesnt have or,dont think is,2.,疑问句,(Interrogative Sentences),?,有四种形式：,一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问,句和反意疑问句。,Does she like music?,（一般疑问句）,她喜欢音乐,吗？,How much is the T-shirt?,（特殊疑问句）,这件,T-,恤衫多少钱？,You are in Class 2,arent you?,（反意疑问句）,你,在二班，不是吗？,Is your pen friend a boy or a girl?,（选择疑问句）,你的笔友是男孩还是女孩？,?,以,情态动词、助动词或系动词,be,开头,的疑问句。一般疑问句需以,Yes,或,No,回答。如：,-,-Does she like music?,她喜欢音乐吗？,-Yes,she does.,是的，她喜欢。,-Is there a map on the wall?,墙上有地图吗？,-,No,there isnt,.,不，没有。,1,）一般疑问句,(General Questions),：,?,-,-Did you go to school yesterday?,你昨天上学了吗？,-,Yes,I did.,是的，我去了。,一般疑问句的答语有时可用,Certainly,Of course,Sure,等回答,如：,-,May I use your pen?,我可以用你的钢笔吗？,-Certainly,.,当然可以。,下列句子改为一般疑问句：,?,1.There is some fruit juice in the glass.,?,_ _ _ fruit juice in the glass?,?,2.He has to stay here.,?,_ he _ to stay there?,?,3.We do eye exercises every day.,?,_ you _ eye exercises every day?,?,4.She has something to eat.,?,_ she _ _ to eat?,?,5.I am good at singing and dancing.,?,_ you good at singing _ dancing?,Is there any,Does have,Do do,Does have anything,Are or,2),特殊疑问句,(Special Questions),?,是以疑问词开始的疑问句。常用的疑问词有：,who/whom(,谁,),whose(,谁的,),what(,什么,),which(,哪个，那些,),when/,what,time(,什么时间,),where(,什么地方,),why(,为什么,),how,(,如何,),How many/much(,多少,),等等。,特殊疑问句由“,疑问词加一般疑问句,”构成。对主语提问时，语,序与陈述句相同。,特殊疑问句要根据问句的内容如实回答，不再用,yes,或,no,。,如：,-Who is the man over there?,那边那个,人是谁？,-He is our English teacher.,他是我们英,语老师。,-Why are you late for school today?,你,今天为什么上学迟到？,-I miss the early bus.,我没赶上早班公,交车。,-Whose coat is this?,这是谁的外衣？,-Its Toms.,这是汤姆的,对划线部分提问,?,1.My mother goes to work by bike.,?,_ _ your mother _ to work?,?,2.That is a map of France.,?,_ map is that?,?,3.I think Chinese food is very nice.,?,_ do you _ _ Chinese food?,?,4.The students like their teacher very much.,?,_ do the students_ their teacher?,?,5.His uncle is a businessman.,?,_ _ his uncle _?,How does go,What,How think of,How like,What does do,?,6.Its Sunday today.,?,_ _ is it today?,?,7.There are six,kites in the sky.,?,_ _ _ _ _ in the sky?,?,8.He lives in Room 306.,?,_ _ _ he _ in?,?,9.She looks worried because she cant find her dog.,?,_ _ she _ worried?,?,10.It takes him half an hour,to write the e-mail.,?,_ _ _ it _ him to write the e-mail?,What day,How many kites are there,Which room does live,Why does look,How long does take,3,）选择疑问句,(Alternative Questions),?,提出两种或多种情况，要求对方选择一种。,结构是“,一般疑问句,+,or+,省略的一般疑问句”，或用疑问词,which,whose,等,提问。,回答时须选择其中一种情况回答，不能用,yes,或,no,回答。,如：,-Is this a basketball or a football?,这,是篮球还是足球？,-Its a basketball.,这是篮球。,-Which is your bag,the blue one or,the yellow one?,哪个是你的书包，蓝的,还是黄的？,-The blue one.,蓝色的。,将下列句子翻译成英语,?,你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球？,?,?,你准备乘火车还是乘汽车？,?,?,你想要什么。咖啡还是茶？,?,?,你有几只笔，一支还是两支？,?,Do you like playing football or basketball?,Will you go there by bus or by train?,What would you like,coffee or tea?,How many pens do you have,one or two?,4,）反意疑问句,(Disjunctive Questions),?,表示提问者有一定的主见，但没把握，希望对方来证实。,反意疑问句由两部分的构成,：前一部分是对事物的陈述，后一,部分是省略型的简单问句。如果前一部分用肯定式，后一部分要,用否定式；前一部分用否定式，后一部分要用肯定式。两部分的,人称和时态要一致。,即“前肯后否，前否后肯。”,对反意疑问句的回答：不管问题的提法如何，事实是肯定的，,要用,yes,，事实是否定的，要用,no,。这和汉语不一样，要特别注,意。,-You are from Australia,arent you?,你来自,澳大利亚，不是吗？,-No,Im not.Im from Canada.,不，不是。,我来自加拿大。,-She didnt visit her aunt yesterday,did,she?,她昨天没去看她的阿姨，是吗？,-Yes,she did,.,不，她去了。,反义疑问句练习,?,1.He has a lot of work to do,_ _?,?,2.Uncle Wang forgot to bring your bag,_ _?,?,3.Its fine today,_ _?,?,4.Tom wants to get his TV set back,_ _?,?,5.Jack didnt watch TV last night,_ _?,?,6.Open the windows,_ _?,?,7.Miss Green is going to work in London,_ _?,?,8.Lucy had a party last Sunday,_ _?,doesnt/hasnt he,didnt,he,isnt it,doesnt he,did he,will/wont you,isnt she,didnt she,3.,祈使句,(Imperative Sentences),?,用来表示命令、劝告等。说话的对象是第二人称,“you”常被省略。,句末用句号或叹号。,1),祈使句的开头用,动词原形,，如：,Sit down,please.,请坐。,Close the door,please.,请关门。,2),祈使句的否定式在句首用,Dont,，有时用,Never,如：,Dont put the flowers on the table,please.,别把花儿放在桌子上。,Never do it again.,再不要这么
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