口译-听辨技巧

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,听辨,-,口译过程的第一阶段,（,Listening Analysis/Active Listening,）,1,译员的听不同于一般听力活动,听的目的：用另一种语言完整地表达和复述听到的全部内容。,自主听力：,把握主题及关键信息；,捕捉话语脉络；,预测下文；,判断词义。,困难是什么？,2,Bugs in LCII,恼人的听辨“虫”,1.unknown words,生词,2.culturally-burdened phrases or idioms,英语中的文化陷阱（容易望文生义）,3.illogical flow of thought,逻辑混乱,4.heavy accent,口音浓重,5.unfamiliar topic,不了解主题知识,6.too quick a delivery speed,语速过快,7.blurred point of view,意思不明确,8.numbers,数字,3,Debug Methods,杀虫“计”,the pauses at meaning chunks,意群停顿,the context,上下文,cultural awareness,文化意识,communicatively conscious,交际性,be clear of the intent of the speaker,意图,sharpen your ears by practice,练耳,4,Listening for,Meaning,instead of for Words,How to,1.topic/theme,话题、主题,2.context(textual&situational),语境（上下文本,&,交际情景）,3.tone,（语气）,4.gestures&facial expressions,（手势,&,表情）,5.intent(,说话人意图）,6.Key words(,关键词）,简而言之，,who,what,why,how,when,where,5,What to do?,6,Logical Listening,generalization,classification,cause-effect,compare&contrast,sequencing,simple listing,problem-solution,7,1.,抓关键词语,(keywords and expressions),表达信息的关键词语当属实意词,即名词、动词、形容词和副词。在英语口语中,关键词语往往重读。译员抓住了关键词语,整个段落就如“纲举目张”,迅速被译员理解。,8,中文复述练习,1,百老汇,-broadway,是一条纵贯美国,纽约市,的“百老汇大街”，这条大街集中了众多家剧院，电影院，餐馆，酒吧等,娱乐场所,，每天都有大量的,戏剧和娱乐演出,，,因此,，百老汇被公认为是,纽约戏剧和娱乐中心,。是美国戏剧和娱乐业的,代名词,。著名的,林肯表演艺术中心,就坐落在百老汇大街上。,9,Listening Skills,Main Idea,-brief introduction to Broadway,Key Words,美国纽约市,娱乐场所,戏剧、娱乐演出,戏剧和娱乐中心、代名词,林肯表演艺术中心,Logical Listening(what/who/when/where/how/why),10,Practice-What are the key words in this passage?,I am sorry,but weve decided to cancel our order with you.As you know the packaging in the last order wasnt up to standard.This resulted in a high percentage of breakages,which meant we couldnt supply our customers on time.As a result,they were dissatisfied with our service and threatened to go else where.,Therefore we really had no alternative but to look around for another supplier.,Keys:cancel order;packaging not up to standard;high percentage of breakages,，,look for another supplier,11,This is a happy and memorable occasion for me personally as well as for all the members of my delegation.Id like to thank you for the gracious hospitality and the warmth with which we have been received.I am very happy with your arrangement.In accepting your gracious invitation to Shanghai,I have an excellent opportunity to learn about the investment environment here.It is my sincere wish that we should reach an agreement on the establishment of joint venture in this most promising city.,Key Words:Hospitality,investment environment,agreement,joint venture,12,听辨，预测关键词（,key words,）,词汇层面：名词、动词等实词,1.,预测词语搭配,随着中国综合国力的,_,和国际地位的,_,中国在国际舞台上越来越令人瞩目。,（国力增强,enhance the comprehensive national strength,，地位提高,improve its international status,）,类似的搭配有“加快改革开放，打开了解世界的窗户，提高机会，促进发展”等。,The United States and China have made great progress in building a relationship that can _ the challenges of our time,_ global prosperity and _ the cause of peace.,(meet,promote,maintain,应对挑战，迎接挑战，促进繁荣，维护和平）,2.,预测表达方式,译员听到“文化在促进国际关系中的作用,”,“,作用”这个词英语的习惯表达方式“,to play a role in.,。”,又如当听到”我代表中国政府和人民，对布什总统来华访问表示热烈欢迎”。译员从“代表。“可以预测出英语的习惯表达结构为”,On behalf of,I extend myto”,13,篇章层面,1.,预测主要成分,从语篇的上下文中预测出说话人将要表达的信息，从而获得相应的语言表达方式或主要成分，如主语，谓语部分。,例如：神州,5,号的发射是一次壮举，它显示了中国的太空科技已经,_.,“,达到很高水平，处于世界前列”,14,Practice 1,中国国际旅行社为各位安排了富有中国民族文化特色的,_,旅游线路。,各位将要游览举世闻名的景点和,_,，参观雄伟的,_,，观赏珍贵的,_,。你们还将有机会欣赏中国,_,，品尝中国,_,。我国人民传统的热情和好客将使各位的访问愉快而又,_,。（,interesting,places of interest,ancient buildings,Chinese cultural relics,operas and circus performances,cuisine and local snacks),有趣的,古建筑群,中国文物,戏剧和杂技表演,烹调和地方风味小吃,难忘,名胜,15,Practice 2,我非常高兴能在此会见来自大洋彼岸的加拿大商业界的朋友。“,_,。”这句中国古话可以表达我此刻的心情。,中国政府十分重视同加拿大双边经贸关系的发展，并且非常赞赏加中贸易理事会为加强我们这两个伟大国家商业界的联系而做出的,_,和起到的桥梁作用。我感谢理事会所有成员为促进加中贸易所做出的努力。加拿大是一个工业发达、资源,_,的国家，中国则是一个劳动力充足、,_,的国家。我们希望看到加拿大的企业能够充分利用自己在技术和财力上的优势，赢得中国市场。,(It is always a pleasure to greet a friend from afar;efforts/endeavors,abundant,a huge market),有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎,努力,丰富,拥有庞大市场,16,Permit me to say again this evening:,Let us act according to the principle of mutual respect and_,to the principle of both dignity and fairness.It is certainly in the fundamental interest of our people to trade and be friends with the Chinese people.We are very _ by your modernization program,an ambitious undertaking which makes our future _ relationship very _.China today,I understand,is taking a practical and _ approach and we wish you success and offer you our cooperation in this great endeavor.,mutual benefit,impressed,cooperation,promising,effective,17,口译篇章可能遇到的关键词参考,1,，,与经济、金融等相关的数字题：,失业率、失业数字（,jobless,unemployment rate,lay off,）,通货膨胀、通货紧缩（,inflation,deflation,）,股指（,Dow Jones,Nasdaq,S&P,（标准普尔,500,指数）,油价（,oil price,crude oil,barrel,OPEC(,石油输出国组织）,房地产市场（,real estate,）,汇率（,exchange rate,）,利率（,in