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,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Effective Teaching Preparation in TEFL in Secondary Schools:,Designing Effective Instructional Objectives,Liu,Yongzhong,Bijie,Municipal,Research,Institute,0f Education,Science,毕节市教育科学研究所 刘永忠,QQ number:1052890868,Cell phone number:18985899589,1.Effective Teaching Preparation,1.1 What is effective teaching preparation,?,effective,producing the result that was wanted or intended,the work teachers do before classroom,teaching in order to produce the intended,teaching/learning result,teaching preparation,instructional/lesson planning,effective teaching preparation,Effective teaching,preparation is,directly related to students learning and,achievement.When teaching preparation is effective it will be easier for students to achieve the instructional objectives.,Successful teaching is greatly dependent on effective teaching preparation which is a critical aspect of teaching,and is often given less importance than it deserves.Its important that teachers spend sufficient time preparing the lesson prior to teaching the lesson.As the old saying goes,If you fail to plan,you plan to fail.,1.2 What does effective teaching preparation include?,Analyzing learners(the learning problem,the learners needs,existing knowledge,and any other relevant characteristics),the learning environment and teaching materials,Designing effective instructional/teaching objectives,Designing learning tasks/activities,Designing teaching procedures,Preparing teaching media and supplementary materials,Choosing teaching methods,Above all,it is a key process to design effective,instructional/teaching objectives which are the bases for effective teaching and learning,.,2.,Design Effective,Instructional objectives,2.1.Instructional Objectives,Instructional objectives are,also called learning objectives and represent the intended learning outcomes of the training and describe what students will be able to do after they complete the training.,Effective instructional objectives describe specific and complete performances that can be observed,operated and tested/measured according to the National English Curriculum and learners actual development level and zone of proximal development(ZPD).,2.2 Effective instructional objectives,Objectives are directions.Go in wrong direction and you will work in vain.If you dont know where you are going,it is difficult to select a suitable means for getting there.,Effective objectives can promote students learning,classroom behavior and communication,and can improve teaching assessment and tests.,2.3 Why do teachers design,effective instructional objectives?,The first thing teachers should do before classroom teaching is to design effective instructional objectives so that students learn effectively.,2.4 The Qualities of Effective Instructional Objectives,Specific/Clear,Complete/Comprehensive,Operable,Observable,Testable/Measurable,SCOOT,(,Bloom,1956),Complete,Bloom (1913 1999)A,merican,educational psychologist,Cognitive:thinking/mental skills(,Knowledge,)Affective:growth in feelings or emotional areas(,Attitude,)Psychomotor:doing/manual or physical skills(,Skills,),COGNITIVE:six levels or hierarchies,Remembering:,can the student recall or remember the information?,Understanding:,can the student explain ideas or concepts?,Applying,:,can the student use the information in a new way?,Analyzing,:,can the student distinguish between the different parts?,Evaluating,:,can the student justify a stand or decision?,Creating,:,can the student create new product or point of view?,AFFECTIVE,RECEIVING,接受,SPOERNDING,反应,VALUING,形成价值观念,ORGANIZATION,组织价值观念系统,CHARACTERIZATION,BY,VALUE,价值体系个性化,PSYCHOMOTOR,PERCEPTION,知觉,IMITATION,模仿,OPERATION,操作,ACCURACY,准确,CONSISTENCY,连贯,HABITUATION,习惯化,国际视野祖国意识合作精神自信意志动机兴趣,情感态度,文化知识,文化理解,跨文化交际,意识和能力,文化意识,学习策略,资源策略,交际策略,调控策略,认识策略,听 说 读 写,语言技能,话题,功能,词汇,语法,语音,语言知识,2.5 Ways of Designing Effective Instructional Objectives,What should we study,？,The National English Curriculum,Students existing development,The teaching content/textbook,Teaching theories,义务教育阶段英语课程的首要目的是为学生发展综合语言运用能力打基础，为他们继续学习英语和未来职业选择创造有利条件。同时，英语课程有利于学生体验中外文化差异，丰富思维方式，增进国际理解，提高人文素养。英语教育应做到人文性与工具性并重，使学生在英语学习过程中既能够发展综合语言运用能力，又能够学会如何学习，养成良好的意志品质和合作意识，学习如何处理人与人、人与社会、人与自然的基本关系，形成创新意识，发展科学精神，从而全面提高综合素质。,2.5.1 Study,the National English Curriculum,义务教育阶段英语课程的总体目标是：通过英语学习使学生形成初步的综合语言运用能力，促进心智发展，提高综合人文素养。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等诸方面整体发展的基础之上。语言知识和语言技能是综合语言运用能力的基础；文化意识有利于正确地理解语言和得体地使用语言；有效的学习策略有利于提高学习效率和发展自主学习能力；积极的情感态度有利于促进学生主动学习和持续发展。这五个方面相辅相成，共同促进学生综合语言运用能力的形成与发展。,以语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等五个方面共同构成的英语课程总目标，既体现了英语学习的工具性，也体现了其人文性；既有利于学生发展语言运用能力，又有利于学生发展思维能力，从而全面提高学生的综合人文素养。,The Overall Goal of English Curriculum in Basic Education,To cultivate students comprehensive application capability of the language.,Five aspects of comprehensive application capability of the language,language knowledge:,phonetics,grammar,vocabulary,functions,topics,language skills:,listening,speaking,reading,writing,cultur
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