课件：如何指导高一学生写好作文

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,如何指导高一学生写好作文,福泉四中,罗丽娜,1,、本讲内容：,如何指导学生写好书面表达,2,、学习要求：,（,1,）掌握文章的基本格式；,（,2,）运用正确的动词时态；,（,3,）语句连贯通顺，突出要点。,3,、学习指导：,（,1,）本讲重点：学会一般文体的书面,表达；,（,2,）本讲难点：突出重点，表达正确。,4,、典型例题解析：,一、书信：,一般英文书信的格式通常包括以下五个部分：,（,1,）信头（,heading,）,（,2,）称呼（,salutation,）,（,3,）正文（,body,）,（,4,）谦称和结束语（,complimentary close,）,（,5,）签名（,signature,）,假如你叫王平，请给你的好友李华写一封信，内容要点如下：,（,1,）李华的生日要到了，特寄上一张贺卡，作为礼物并祝她生日快乐。,（,2,）自己的一切都很好，学习上有很大进步，尤其是英语。,（,3,）虽然学习很忙，希望能相互通信，同时请李华寄几张她本人及所在学校的照片。,（字数,100,字左右）,例,1,：,（,1,）按照五个部分在信笺中的格式如下：,（信头）：,No8 Middle School,Dalian China,（地址）,March 12,（日期）,Dear Li Hua,（称呼）,_,（正文）,_,_,分析步骤：,_,_,（谦称和结束语）,Yours sincerely,Wang Ping,（签名）,（,2,）运用正确时态使语句连贯通顺，重点突出。,Dear Li Hua,How are you doing recently?(How are you?),I know you will have your birthday.,(Your birthday is coming soon.Im glad your birthday will come.),So Im sending you a card and wish you a happy birthday.,正文第一部分,Everything is going on well with me.I have made much progress recently,especially in my English study.,（分析时态）,正文第二部分：,Though we are busy with our study,I hope we can write letters to each other soon.,（,Im always busy with my study,but Im sure to write letters to you and I also hope to receive letters as soon as possible.,）,Would you like to send me some photos of yours and you school?,谦称和结束语：,I want very much to know more about you.,Best wishes and good luck!,Yours sincerely,（,truly,）,Wang Ping,（签名）,内容比较简单。,时态：,一般现在时、现在进行时和现在完成时。,注意：,1,、,Everything is going on well with me.,2,、,I have made much progress in my study.,3,、格式正确。,作文的特点：,文体较简单,：（,1,）题头、时间、星期、天气,（,2,）正文,例,2,：日记,三月九日是星期六，天气晴朗，你像往常一样参加英语角的周末活动，结束后正想离开，此时一位金发碧眼的外国学生朝你走来，并向你问好，原来他是在大连外国语学院就读的学生名叫布朗。他想和你交个朋友，由于他的汉语不好，想从你那得到帮助，并乐于在英语上帮助你。你非常高兴第一次交了一个外国朋友，请根据所提示的内容写一篇日记。（字数,100120,字左右）,日记特点：,文中的人物用第一人称。,记叙的活动是当天发生的一系列活,动，时态用过去式。,_,正文（,body),Today I took part in the weekend activities at the English corner as usual.,After they were over,I was about to go home when a foreigner with fair hair and blue eyes came towards me and said hello to me.He introduced himself as a student named Brown in Dalian Foreign Language College.Because of his poor Chinese,he wanted to get help from me,and was ready to help me with my English.,March 9 th Sunday Fine,（题头）,We are both glad to be good friends.He is now my first foreign friend.This is a day Ill never forget.,特点：天气情况用形容词：,Fine Rainy,Snowy Cloudy,Windy ,例,3,：通知,书面通知的格式与写法。,书面通知又称通告或布告，它是上级对下级，组织对成员部署工作、传达事情、召开会议所使用的一种文体。通告一般张贴在布告牌上，或公共场所显眼的地方。通告正文上方的正中位置写上,NOTICE,（大写）。出通知的单位写在正文结束后的右下角，或都写在,NOTICE,的正上方。出通知的日期一般写在左下角。单位和日期两项也可以省去。通知不写称呼也没有结束语。但在正文里，往往首先提到被通知的对象，比如在高一上册第六单元,A notice,中的第一句就提到,Grade2 and Grade3.,通告的正文就是通告的内容，这是主体部分，包括通知的对象、事由、时间、地点等。语言应简洁明了，条理清晰，要求明确，特别是时间概念很重要，必须写得十分明确，不容丝毫含糊。,下面是一个通告的例子。,Chemistry Lab,NOTICE,Students to the lab are required to read this notice before doing your experiment:,Five dos:,1.Keep the lab clean and tidy.,2.Follow your teachers instruction during the,experiment.,3.Put everything back in the cupboards,after the experiment.,4.Wash your hands in the basin before,going out of the lab.,5.Turn off the light and lock the door.,Three donts:,1.Dont come in here without a teacher.,2.Dont touch anything unless you are,told to.,3.Dont make any noise while you are,working.,March 10,2003.,例,4,：口头通知,提示：你校学生将为来访的美国朋友举办一个晚会，要在学校广播中宣布此事，并欢迎大家参加，为使美国朋友听懂，请你用英语写一篇广播通知。,宗旨：欢迎来访的美国朋友,组织者：学生会,时间：,8,月,15,日（星期六）晚,7:30,地点：主楼屋顶花园,活动内容：音乐、跳舞、唱歌、游戏、,交换小礼品。,要点如下：,注意：,1,、广播稿约,100,字。,2,、应包括以上要点，但不要逐字翻译，,要组织一篇通顺连贯的短文。,3,、开头语已为你写好。,May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make.,生词：交换礼品,to exchange gifts,学生会,the Students Union,参考内容：写一篇广播通知稿，说明将为来访的美国朋友举办一个联欢晚会。,考题分析：这是一篇提供文字，要求按所提供的信息写作文的题目。,做这种题时，首先要确认用什么体裁。据提示“写一篇广播通知”，可确认用口头表达，而不是书面通知；第二点，应确认以什么口吻表达，听众是谁，使表达的语句符合要求。有了以上两点的考虑后，所写短文就可按照要求逐项表达清楚。,1,、短文一开始就应该以,the Student Union,的身份发布一个通知，不能把“学生会”这个部分安排在最后，因为这不是书面通知。,2,、因为是广播通知（口头）通知，因此，对于一些重要信息点，如：时间、地点，有必要再次提醒听众。,3,、因为是口头与人交谈，最后以礼貌、热情、幽默的语句结束会使你的表达效果更佳。,下面是参考答案：,May I have your attention,please?I have an announcement to make.The Students Union is going to hold a party on Saturday evening.August 15,to welcome our friends,from the United States.The party will be held in the roof garden of the Main Building.It will begin at 7:30 p.m.There will be music,dancing,singing,games and exchange of gifts.Will everybody please bring along a small gift for this purpose?Write a few words of good wishes.,Dont forget:7:30,Saturday evening,roof garden,Main Building.There is sure to be quite a lot of fun.Everyone is welcome.,Thats all.Thank you.,开头的部分也可以写成：,Attention,please everyone.,注意：,1,、当信息点较多时，应仔细按要求逐 项写清楚，不要遗漏任何该表达的信息，但“逐项表达”并不是指按题目所提供的信息顺序逐项表达。,2,、对别人提出要求时，一般不要用,must,这个词，应当以邀请的姿态说话。,归纳：以上解析了四篇文章的写法。还有许多其他体裁的文章，无论写什么样的文章，关键要把握以下几点：,1,，掌握文章的基本格式,分析要点。,2,，运用正确的动词时态。,3,，语句连贯通顺，突出要点,谢谢,