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英语,语法解析,介词,in,,,on,,,to,,,off,方位,表示法,in the+,方位名词,“,含义是“在之内”,即一个小地方处在一,个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。表示某个地方的地理位置时,be,,lie 以及 be located 的意义是一样的,可以互换使用,。,eg.1.China,is,in the east of,Asia.,中国在亚洲东部。,(中国是亚洲的一个国家,处于亚洲的范围之内),2.,Guilin,is,located,in the north of,Guangxi.,桂林在广西北部。,(桂林是广西的一座城市),3.,Taiwan,lies,in the east of,China.,台湾在中国的东部。,(台湾是中国东部的一个省份),一,.,介词,in,表方位,1.,上海位于中国的东部。,Shanghai lies,in the east of,China.,2.,那种植物只有在加拿大北部才看得到。,The plant can be seen only,in the north of,Canada.,(暗指这种植物只生长在加拿大北部地区),3.,北京在中国的北部。,Beijing is,in the north of,China.,仿句练习,on the+方位名词指的是一个范围紧挨着另一个范围,表示“,两地接壤“,强调两者为相邻关系,,但互不管辖。,eg.1.Guangdong Province is,on the southeast of,Guangxi.,广东省在广西的东南边。,(,广东省与广西在地理位置上是连在一起的,即两者相,邻,却互不管辖,),2.China faces the Pacific,on the east,.,中国东临太平洋。,(,中国与太平洋相邻,为沿海国家,),二,.介词,o,n表方位,1.,四川省在贵州省的北边。,Sichuan Province is,on the north of,Guizhou Province.,2.,朝鲜在中国的东北面。,Korea is,on the northeast of,China.,3.,那个国家西边与海接界。,The country is bounded on the west by the sea.,(,暗指该国为沿海国家,),仿句练习,“to the+方位名词”,,表示“在某范围之外”,强调两者是远离关系,,互不管辖。尤其当两个地方相隔较远,且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔时,通常用,to,。,eg.1.Japan is,to the east of,China.,日本在中国的东面。,(,日本在中国范围之外,且有日本海分隔,),2.Taiwan is,to the southeast of,Fujian Province.,台湾在福建省的东南面。,(,台湾在福建省的范围之外,且两者之间有台湾海峡分隔,),三,.,介词,to,表方位用法,1,1.,锦州在沈阳的西面。,Jinzhou is,to the west of,Shenyang.,(锦州和沈阳分别为两座城市,地理位置上互不相连,也互不,管辖),2.,车站东面有一座景色宜人的公园。,There is a beautiful park,to the east of,the station.,仿句练习,1,.,The church is located,to the south of,the city.,那座教堂在本市的南面。,(该教堂在本市范围之外),2,.,The church is located,in the south of,the city.,那座教堂在本市的南部。,(该教堂在本市范围之内),比较下列句子,把河流、山脉、铁路等事物当做两地的分界线或基点,,而,且不,说明河流、山脉、铁路等是属于哪一方,通常使用介词 to,译,为“以(方向)”。此外,表示一个地方离另一个地方有多远,,也用 to。,eg.1.,Land,to the east of,the Urals is called Asia;land to the,west,Europe.,乌拉尔山脉以东的陆地称为亚洲;以西的陆地称为欧洲。,2.,The village lies,to the south of,the hill.,那座村庄在山的南面。,3.,The little town lies about one hundred miles,to the west of,Guilin,.,那座小城镇位于桂林以西约一百公里远的地方。,四,.,介词,to,表方位用法,2,A位于B东面100公里处,A lies l00km,to the east of B,(,east,是名词),A lies 100km,east of B,(,east,是副词),eg.1.,The plane crashed 30 miles,south of,the city,.,飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。,=The plane crashed 30 miles,to the south of,the city,.,2.,Suzhou lies 50 miles,to the west of,Shanghai.,苏州位于上海西面50英里处。,=,Suzhou lies 50 miles,west of,Shanghai.,句型示例,off,表示“离(某地)不远;在附近或离不远的海,上”。,eg.1.The boat was anchored,off the northern coast,.,这艘船停泊在离海岸北部不远的地方。,2.Lily lives in a flat just,off Park Avenue,.,莉莉住在公园大道附近的一套公寓里。,3.The house stands miles,off the main road,.,那所房子离大路好几英里远。,五,.,介词,off,表方位,1.,王妃的起居室挨着客厅。,The Princesss sitting-room is,off the drawing room,.,2.,古巴离美国沿海仅九十英里。,Cuba is ninety miles,off the coast of,the United States.,3.,这家饭店就在主干道旁边。,The restaurant is just,off the main road,.,仿句练习,汉语里东南西北的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north,south,,east,west;并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。,东南方:,southeast,西南方:,southwest,西北方:,northwest,东北方:,northeast,eg.,The Ming Tombs are located about 50 km,to the northwest of,Beijing.,十三陵位于北京西北 50公里处。,Tianjin is situated l20 km,southeast of,Beijing.,天津位于北京东南120公里处。,六,.,汉英方位表达差别,正东偏北:,east by north,正南偏西:,south by west,正北偏东:,north by eas t,正南偏东:,south by east,eg.1.We are sailing in the direction of,east by north,.,我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。,2.The island lies,south by east,from here.,那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。,七,.,表示方位的,偏向,时通常用,by,1.,这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。,The steamer will go,west by north,.,2.,火车向南偏西方向开去。,The train runs,south by west,.,3.,那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。,The island lies south by east from here.,仿句练习,1,.,很多大学在城市北部。,Many university are,in the north of,the city.,2,.,大陈是离浙江海岸不远的一个岛。,Tachen is an island,off the coast of,Zhejiang.,3,.,这城市位于美国西海岸。,The city lies,on the west coast of,America.,4,.,美国在加拿大的南部。,The U.S.Is,on the south of,Canada.,5.,他住在洛杉矶以东(的地方)。,He lives,to the east of,Los Angeles.,6.,这两座山的西边有一座城市。,A city lies,to the west of,the two hills.,巩固练习 汉译英,THANKS,
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