资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Passive Voice,被动语态,英语动词有两种语态：,主动,语态和,被动,语态。,1.,当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,2,.,或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用,被动语态,。,被动语态,结构：,主,+be,+,过去分词,(,PP,)+(,by,),在改写中应注意：,1.,把,原,来的,宾语,提到前面作被动语态的,主语,;,2.,把,动词,变成“,be+,过去分词,”,;,3.,主动语态中的,主语,变为介词,by,的,宾语,。,Some people,attacked,the towers.,S V O,The,towers,were,attacked,by,some people.,S V,一 构成,主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。,1,.,一般的,现在时被动语态：,am/is/are+,及物动词的过去分词，（,be,是助动词）,e.g:English,is spoken,by many people.,German,isnt taught,in our school.,Is,French,studied,in your school?,2.,过去时的被动语态：,was/were+,及物动词的过去分词,e.g:These,new houses,were built,in,2000.,My bike,wasnt made,in Shanghai.,Was,this kind of machine,made,in,Shenzhen?,注意：被动语态中,be,的形式是由主语决定的,3.,情态动词的被语态：,must/can/may/should+be,+,动词的过去分词,e.g:The,car,mustnt be stopped,here.,Can,this chair,be taken,out of,the room?,This job,must be finished,on time.,表格：被动态基本结构,时态,被动语态结构,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,am/is/are,done,was/were,done,am/is/are,being,done,was/were,being,done,shall/will/be going to,be,done,would,be,done,have/has,been,done,had,been,done,二 被动语态的几种类型：,1,主动句中有一个宾语的被动语态,He saw,her,in the shop yesterday.,She was seen in the shop yesterday.,2,主动句中有二个宾语的被动语态,Jim gave,me a book,.,I was given a book by Jim.,A book was given,to,me by Jim.,3,主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态,Mother told me,not to be late,.,I was told not to be late by mother.,I saw mother,planting flowers in the garden.,Mother was seen planting flowers in the garden.,They made him,work 12 hours a day,.,He was made,to,work 12 hours a day.,4,短语动词的被动语态,I can,take good care of,the baby.,The baby can be,taken good care of,.,三,被动语态的注意事项,1“,主语,+,系动词,+,表语”的句子没有被动语,态,2 there be,句型没有被动语态,3,主动句中宾语是反身代词的没有被动语态,4,主动句的谓语动词是不及物动词的没有,被动语态，但与介词搭配后，则有,:,The nurse,looked after,him carefully.,The baby was looked after by the nurse carefully.,Practice:,1 Must I pay for it at once?,_ it _ _ _ at once?,2 We will build a new lab.,A new lab _ _ _.,3 They arent stopping the traffic now.,The traffic _ _ _ now.,4 How long have you kept the book?,How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,5 If your homework _(do),well,you,may go to play.,6,Mr.Green,was seen _(grow)trees.,7 The blackboard was _(look)carefully by the students.,8 The ship model _ be _(make),in two days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,Oral practice-,主动句改被动句,Oral practice-,1.Change each sentence into passive voice:,A car,knocked him down yesterday.,Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team,When I got there,they were cutting up a fallen tree,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,The medical team is made up of by two,A fallen tree was being cut up,when I got,there.,4)Well put on the play next Sunday,5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school,6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year,The play will be put on next Sunday,A new teaching building is being built by workers in our school,The railway had been completed by the end of last year,7)We should protect the earth,8)You need to paint the wall,The earth should be protected,The wall needs to be painted,几种特殊结构,1.My uncle gave me a gift on my birthday,2.We often hear him play guitar,I was given a gift on my birthday,A gift was given,to,me on my birthday.,He is often heard,to,play guitar,注意：,see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listen to,look at,等动词,/,短语后作宾语补语的不定式都不带,to,；,但改成被动语态后必须带,to,。,We should take care of the old people.,The old people should be taken care,of.,1,。动词,(,表示主语的属性特征,),+,副词,(,well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。,read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,The books _ well,A.were sold B.sell,C.have sold D.are being sold,This kind of cloth _ easily,A.has washed B.was washed,C.washes D.is washed,B,C,主动式表被动义,2.,不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语,(,或宾语,),构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。,difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good,comfortable,light,heavy,safe,The fish is not fit _(eat),We find English is hard _,_,(learn),The article is difficult _(understand).,to eat,to learn,to understand,3.,不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语,(,或宾语,),构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,I have a lot of homework,_(do),Ill give him some books _(read),to do,to read,表示状态特征的,连系动词,+adj./n.,用,主动式表被动义,。,4,表示状态特征的,连系动词,+adj./n.,用,主动式表被动义,。,(look,sound,feel,smell,taste,prove,appear,make,.),The steel feels cold,5,表示,“开始、结束、运动”的动词,用主动式表被动义。,(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,.),The shop opens at 6 am.every day,表示主语的,属性特征的动词,+,副词,well/badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义,6.,作“,需要,”讲的,want/need/require,后接,动名词作宾语时，用,主动式,表被动义；当然也可接,不定式的被动式,作宾语,。,Your jacket needs washing/to be washed,Quiz 1,Quiz 1,1.The steel _ cold,A.is felt B.was feeling,C.feels D.is being felt,2.His plan _ good,A.has sounded B.is sounding,C.is sounded D.sounds,C,D,Quiz 2,Quiz 2,The shop _ at 6 am.every day,A.opens B.opened,C.is opened D.is opening,Work _ at 7 pm.today,A.ends B.ended,C.was ended D.had ended,A,B,The pen _ smoothly,A.was wrote B.writes,C.has writing D.is written,This coat _ easily,A.has washed B.was washed,C.washes D.is washed,Quiz 3,B,C,Your jacke
展开阅读全文