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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/2/8,#,词汇,一、,人称代词,二、物主,代词,三、名词变复数,(,只有可数名词才有复数,),1,.,一般情况下直接加,s,如,:bookbooks,。,2,.,以,s,x,sh,ch,结尾的加,es,如,:busbuses,。,3,.,以,“,辅音字母,+y”,结尾的变,y,为,i,加,es,如,:,familyfamilies,。,4,.,以,f(fe),结尾常变,f(fe),为,v,再加,es,如,:leafleaves,。,5,.,有些名词本身就有复数性质,如,:,people,clothes,Chinese,6,.,不规则变化,(,加强记忆,):,manmen;womanwomen;mousemice;,childchildren;footfeet;,toothteeth;goosegeese,四、数词,(,数词分为基数词和序数词,),表示顺序的词为序数词,它的构成如下,:,五、冠词,1,.a,用于读音为辅音音素开头的名词前表示一,(,件,个,),。,2,.an,用于读音为元音音素开头的名词前,表示一,(,件,个,),。,3,.the,和名词连用表示某个或某些特指的人或物。它在辅音读音前读,/,/,在元音读音前读,/,i,/,。第一次提到的名词前用,a/an,以后再提都用,the,。,4,.,球类运动前不加,the,西洋乐器前必须加,the,。,六、同音词,1,.seesea,2,.knowno,3,.meatmeet,4,.forfour,5,.Ieye,6,.buybye,7,.wherewear,8,.tootwo/to,9,.sunson,10,.hourour,七、反义词,1,.newold,2,.thinfat/heavy,3,.tallshort,4,.longshort,5,.bigsmall,6,.nearfar,7,.quietactive,8,.hotcold,9,.youngold,10,.finishbegin/start,11,.earlylate,12,.leftright,13,.easydifficult,14,.cheapexpensive,八、对应词,1,.brothersister,2,.uncleaunt,3,.grandfathergrandmother,4,.manwoman,5,.motherfather,6,.thisthat,7,.morningevening,8,.tomorrowyesterday,9,.daughterson,10,.thesethose,九、,(,一,),动词的第三人称单数,1,.,一般在词尾直接加,s,如,:readreads,。,2,.,以,s,x,ch,sh,结尾的在词尾加,es,如,:watchwatches,。,3,.,以,o,结尾的在词尾加,es,如,:dodoes,。,4,.,以,“,辅音字母,+y”,结尾的,变,y,为,i,再加,es,如,:studystudies,。,(,二,),动词的,-ing,形式,(,现在分词,),1,.,一般在词尾直接加,ing,如,:readreading,。,2,.,以不发音的,e,结尾的词去,e,加,ing,如,:havehaving,。,3,.,重读闭音节,末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写词尾的辅音字母后加,ing,。,sitsitting;getgetting;runrunning;,shopshopping;swimswimming,(,三,),过去,式,式,1,.,一般,在,在词,尾,尾直,接,接加,ed,如,:playplayed,。,2,.,以,e,结尾,的,的,只在,词,词尾,加,加,d,如,:likeliked,。,3,.,以,“,辅音,字,字母,+y,”,”,结尾,的,的,变,y,为,i,再加,ed,如,:study,studied,。,4,.,重读,闭,闭音,节,节,末尾,只,只有,一,一个,辅,辅音,字,字母,的,的,双写,词,词尾,的,的辅,音,音字,母,母后,再,再加,ed,如,:stopstopped,。,5,.,小学,阶,阶段,出,出现,过,过的,不,不规,则,则变,化,化,(,强化,记,记忆,):,十、,形,形容,词,词的,比,比较,级,级,1,.,一般,在,在词,尾,尾直,接,接加,er,如,:longlonger,。,2,.,以不,发,发音,的,的字,母,母,e,结尾,的,的,在词,尾,尾直,接,接加,r,如,:nicenicer,。,3,.,以,“,辅音,字,字母,+y,”,”,结尾,的,的单,词,词,变,y,为,i,再加,er,如,:heavy,heavier,。,4,.,重读,闭,闭音,节,节,末尾,只,只有,一,一个,辅,辅音,字,字母,双写,这,这个,辅,辅音,字,字母,再加,er,如,:thinthinner;bigbigger,。,5,.,小学,阶,阶段,出,出现,的,的不,规,规则,变,变化,:,good/wellbettermany/muchmore,
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