2021高二英语寒假作业同步练习题：主语从句

2021 高二英语寒假作业同步练习题：主语从句 1The government has made laws to_(禁止) tobacco advertisements on TV. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】prohibit 【详解】考查动词。句意：政府已经制定法律禁止电视上的烟草广告。结合句意和汉语提示可知，动词 prohibit 符合题意，空前的 to 是不定式符号，此处应使用动词原形。故填 prohibit。 2When you _(打喷嚏), air and often small drops of liquid suddenly come out of your nose and mouth in a way you cannot control. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】sneeze 【详解】考查动词。句意：当你打喷嚏时，空气和常常是小滴的液体突然从你的鼻子和嘴巴里流出来，这 种方式是你无法控制的。根据句意，所填词是句子的谓语，应是动词；句子叙述的是客观事实，应用一般 现在时；根据所给汉语意思，应是动词 sneeze。故填 sneeze。 3He seems to be stuck with the_(标签) of troublemaker.(根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】label 【详解】考查名词。句意：他好像被人贴上了“麻烦制造者”的标签。根据空前的定冠词 the 可知，空处 应填一个名词，结合汉语提示可知，label 符合题意，故填 label。 4She decided to _(伸出) out her hand and help the old man up from his chair. (根据汉语意思填 空) 【答案】stretch 【详解】考查动词。句意：她决定伸出手帮助老人从椅子上站起来。空处应填一个动词，结合汉语提示可 知 stretch 符合题意，空前 to 是不定式符号，所以此处填动词原形。故填 stretch。 5Textbook writing can be an intellectually _(有益的) activity. ( 根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】rewarding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：编著课本，在知识方面是一个有益的活动。空处应填一个形容词作定语修饰 名词 activity，结合汉语提示可知 rewarding 符合题意。故填 rewarding。 6The _(茶壶) came with a stand to catch the drips of water. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】teapot 【详解】考查名词。句意：茶壶自带支架，可以接住水滴。根据汉语意思“茶壶”以及上文 the，可知应 填名词 teapot，作主语。故填 teapot。 7He peeled the paper top off a little white tub and poured the _(奶油) into his coffee. (根据汉语 意思填空) 【答案】cream 【详解】考查名词。句意：他撕去一个白色小杯的纸盖子，把奶油倒进他的咖啡。根据空前的定冠词 the 可知，空处应填一个名词，结合汉语提示可知 cream 符合题意，故填 cream。 8We require grammar and spelling to be _(准确的) . (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】accurate 【详解】考查形容词。 句意：我们要求语法和拼写准确。在 be 动词后应是形容词作表语；根据所给汉语 意思，应是形容词 accurate。故填 accurate。 9Its known to us that smoking do much damage to the_(肺部) . ( 根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】lung 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们都知道吸烟对肺有很大的损害。根据汉语意思“肺部”以及上文 the，可 知应填名词 lung，作宾语。故填 lung。 10We saw a mother _(豹子) sleeping under the trees with her cubs. (根据汉语意思填空) 【答案】leopard 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们看到一只母豹和她的幼崽们睡在树下。在不定冠词 a 后应是可数名词单数 形式；根据所给汉语意思，应是名词 leopard。 故填 leopard。 语法专题（主语从句） 1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用 it 作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。 2.that 引导主语从句时可用 it 作形式主语，that 不可省； what 引导的主语从句表示的东西时，一 般不用 it 作形式主语；whatever，whoever ，whichever 一般也不用 it 作形式主语。 That she will succeed is certain. 主语从句的引导词 引导词 作用 引导词 作用 that 无词义，在从句中不充当成分，但不能省略 how 多么，怎样，作方式状语或程度状语 who 谁，作主语、宾语 when 何时，作时间状语 whom 谁，作宾语 where 在哪儿，作地点状语 what 什么，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 why 为什么，作原因状语 which 哪一个，哪些，作主语、宾语、定语 whether 是否 主语从句的特殊用法 （1）主语从句与定语从句的转换 All that is needed has been bought. 所有需要的都被买了。 （2）几个特殊句型之间的转换 It is known to all that China has joined the WTO. As is known to all, China has joined the WTO. What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知，中国已加入 WTO。 从句作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数问题 (1)从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影，这使我们感到很惊讶。 (2)what 引导的从向作主语，谓语动词一般用单数 ;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式 ,则谓语动词常用 复数。 What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。 练习： 11_ I like about him is that he is really witty and bubbly. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我喜欢他的一点是他真的很机智和活泼。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连 接词引导主语从句，空后主语从句缺少宾语，表示喜欢的内容，所以空处需用连接代词 what 引导主语从 句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填 What。 12Surprisingly，_ began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：令人惊讶的是，一开始并不是什么重要的公共事务渐渐变成了一种社会活 动。此处为主语从句引导词，从句中缺少主语，指事情应用 what 引导。故填 what。 13_ many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and rivers. （用适当的单词填空） 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：许多科学家相信，水的持续存在使地球能够将有害气体和酸溶解到海洋和 河流中。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导主语从句，从句动词 believe 缺少宾语，表示具体的内容， 所以空处需用连接代词 what 引导主语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填 What。 14He is shy and quiet. However, _ he said at the meeting surprised everybody present. (用适当的词填 空) 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他很害羞安静，然而，他在会议上所说的话让在场的每个人都震惊了。本 句是主语从句，主句的谓语动词是 surprised，从句缺少主语，根据句意， what 表示“ 什么”符合句意，故填 what。 15_ we will go camping or not depends on the weather. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查连词。句意：我们是否要去露营取决于天气如何。本句是主语从句，谓语动词是 depends， 从句部分缺少“是否” 的意思，根据后文的 or not，可知填连词 whether，故填 Whether。 16It is recognised _ the environmental pollution has become more and more serious.（用适当的单 词填空） 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们认识到环境污染已变得越来越严重。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主 语从句结构，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是从句“ the environmental pollution has become more and more serious.”，且该从句句意完整，也不缺少主语和宾语，因此，该从句应该用 that 引导。故填 that 。 17_ developing countries need to do is to stop poverty by fighting the causes of it. (用适当的词填 空) 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：发展中国家需要做的是通过消除贫困的根源来消除贫困。此处为主语从句， 从句中缺少宾语，结合句意“发展中国家需要做的”可知应用 what 引导，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 What。 18_ I do remember is the overwhelming feeling of happiness that washed over me. （用适当的 词填空） 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我所记得的是那种压倒一切的幸福的感觉。分析句子结构可知此处为主语 从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“所记得的”应用 what 引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填 What。 19Exactly_the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but many people believe it was probably around 1565. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：土豆被引进欧洲的确切时间不确定，但是许多人认为可能是 1565 年左右。 Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe 是主语从句；根据句意，此处应用 when 引导主语从句， 在从句中作时间状语。故填 when。 20It remains a question _ we can get so much money in such a short time. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】how 【详解】考查连接词。句意：我们怎么能在这么短的时间内弄到这么多钱还是个问题。此处为主语从句， it 作形式主语，主语从句中缺少方式状语，表示“怎么，如何 ”故应用 how。故填 how。 阅读理解 Before you know it, the sound of sleigh(雪橇)bells will be heard on your rooftop. If you love the holidays but hate the cold, why not wear your coat and wool gloves this year and celebrate a warm Christmas? Beaufort, South Carolina Beaufort is a small town with a huge heart and is located in the heart of the Lowcountry. It is close to Savannah and Charleston, and a short drive to the beaches of Hilton Head Island. Its location is great for visiting the larger cities and enjoying the sights and sounds of a small town. December temperatures average in the low 60s. Orlando, Florida Enjoy everything in Orlando without the huge crowds of summer. Theme parks have special attractions this time of year, such as “Mickeys Very Merry Christmas”, but be aware that some of the special attractions require a separate ticket. Orlando temperatures average around 72 degrees in December. San Francisco, California The City by the Bay comes alive in December as it transforms into a wonderland of lights. Stay near Union Square so you are close to all the activities and can easily get around via the historic cable cars. San Franciscos December temperatures average in the high 50s. New Orleans, Louisiana Celebrate Christmas season in the Big Easy. The Oaks, visited by over 122,000 people last year, has one of the most beautiful Christmas exhibitions in the country. Many hotels in the area offer Papa Noel specials, making this a very affordable holiday destination. December temperatures average in the 60s. 21You can easily travel through San Francisco by_ . Abike Bcable car Ctaxi Dbus 22Spending the Christmas in New Orleans, you can . Aenjoy a wonderland of lights Bavoid the huge crowds Cenjoy Papa Noel specials Dvisit various theme parks 23Whats the purpose of writing this passage? ATo inform readers of some popular sports events. BTo describe different celebrations during the Christmas. CTo introduce four places special Christmas traditions. DTo introduce four places to spend a warm Christmas. 【答案】21B 22C 23D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四处可以度过一个温暖的圣诞节的旅游胜地。 21细节理解题。根据文章 San Francisco, California 中“Stay near Union Square so you are close to all the activities and can easily get around via the historic cable cars.”可知，你可以很容易地乘坐历史悠久的缆车穿 越旧金山。故选 B。 22细节理解题。根据文章 New Orleans, Louisiana 中“Many hotels in the area offer Papa Noel specials, making this a very affordable holiday destination.（该地区的许多酒店都提供圣诞节特价，使其成为一个非常 实惠的度假目的地。 ） ”可知，在新奥尔良过圣诞节,可以享受特价。故选 C。 23推理判断题。根据文章第一段“If you love the holidays but hate the cold, why not wear your coat and wool gloves this year and celebrate a warm Christmas?”及下文对四个旅游胜地的介绍可知，写此文的目的是介绍 四处可以度过一个温暖的圣诞节的地方。故选 D。 写作（改错） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文文中共有 10 处语言错 误，每句中最多有两处每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词 删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起) 不计分 To be honesty, it was my older brother that inspired my passion for the violin. When I was five years old, he came home from school one day with the violin and played it. I was green with envy and wanted to start immediate. My first violin is given by my violin teacher and I named it with the little dog called ToTo in The Wizard of Oz. Now, I am the youngest members of the Australian Youth Orchestra. Surrounded by much more older and more advanced players, I have no choice but try and keep up with both the level of playing and the musicianship around me. I often invite some of my friends which are not so into classical music to a concert and he love it. You just dont have to be a musical genius to attend a concert. 【答案】 （1）honestyhonest （2）将 the a （3）将 immediateimmediately （4）将 iswas （5）将 withafter （6）将 membersmember （7）将 older 前的 more 去掉 （8）在 try 前加 to （9）将 whichwho/that （10）将 hethey 【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了我爱上拉小提琴的经历。 【详解】 第一处：考查固定搭配。句意：老实说，是我哥哥激发了我对小提琴的热情。to behonest 表示“老实说” ， 用形容词作表语。故 honesty 改为 honest。 第二处：考查冠词。句意：我五岁的时候，有一天他放学带回家一把小提琴，然后拉了起来。此处泛指 “一把小提琴” ，故 the 改为 a。 第三处：考查副词。句意：我非常羡慕，想马上开始学小提琴。修饰动词 start 用副词，故 immediate 改为 immediately。 第四处：考查时态。句意：我的第一把小提琴是我的小提琴老师给我的，我用一只叫托托的小狗的名字给 它命名。讲述的是过去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故 is 改为 was。 第五处：考查固定搭配。句意同上，nameafter 表示“以命名” ，故 with 改为 after。 第六处：考查可数名词单复数。句意：现在，我是澳大利亚青年乐团最年轻的成员。 “I am”表明此处用可 数名词单数，故 members 改为 member。 第七处：考查形容词比较级。句意：周围都是更年长、更优秀的小提琴选手，我别无选择，只能努力跟上 我的水平和技巧。older 本身就是比较级，前面不需要再用 more，去删掉 older 前的 more。 第八处：考查固定句式。句意同上，have no choice but to do 表示“除之外别无选择” ，故在 try 前加 to。 第九处：考查定语从句。句意：我经常邀请一些不太喜欢古典音乐的朋友去听音乐会，他们很喜欢。先行 词为 some of my friends，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，故 which 改为 who/that。 第十处：考查代词。句意同上，此处指代 some of my friends，故 he 改为 they。