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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,*,第三篇语法知识专题,遵义中考导学（英语）,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第三篇语法知识专题,第十三节句子成分，简单句及分类,第三篇语法知识专题第十三节句子成分，简单句及分类,(,一,),句子成分,成分,作用,充当此成分的词语,主语,动作的执行者,名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式等,谓语,说明主语,“,做什么,”,行为动词、连系动词、情态动词动词原形、助动词行为动词的相应形式,表语,说明主语的身份、特征或状态,名词、数词、形容词、副词、分词或动词不定式等,宾语,跟在及物动词或,“,不及物动词介词,”,后,名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词等,定语,修饰名词或代词,形容词、名词、数词或动词不定式等,状语,修饰动词、形容词、副词或整句话,副词、介词短语、动词不定式短语或从句等,补足语,补充说明宾语,动词不定式短语、名词、形容词或分词等,1,(一)句子成分成分作用充当此成分的词语主语动作的执行者名词,(,二,),简单句的五种基本句型,主语,Subject,(S),谓语部分,Predicate,谓语,Verb(V),表语,Predicative(P),宾语,Object(O),宾语补足语,Object,Complement(OC),S,V,We,work.,(,不及物动词,),S,V,O,I,Like,(,及物动词,),basketballs.,S,V,P,They,are(,连系动词,),beautiful.,S,V,INO,DO,She,gave,(,及物动词,),me(,间宾,)a book(,直宾,),S,V,O,OC,He,Made,(,及物动词,),me,laugh.,2,(二)简单句的五种基本句型主语谓语部分Predicate谓,(,三,),简单句的分类：按用途分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句,概念,陈述观点或看法的句子，句末用句号,陈述句,肯定句,意思表示肯定的句子,否定句,含有否定词,not,，,no,，,never,，,seldom,，,hardly,等的句子,疑问句,一般疑问句,(,用,yes,，,no,来回答,),be,型：用,be,来回答,do,，,does,，,did,，,have,，,has,，,had,，,will,，,would,型：用什么问，就用什么来回答,can,，,may,，,must,型：,must,的一般疑问句的否定回答用,neednt,或,dont/doesnt have to,；,may,的一般疑问句的否定回答用,cant,特殊疑问句,(,以,wh,或,how,开头的疑问句,),疑问词一般疑问句,选择疑问句,(,不能用,yes,，,no,来回答,),一般疑问句,or,选择部分,Do you like Beijing or Shanghai,？,I like Beijing.,反意疑问句,前肯后否，前否后肯，用,yes,，,no,来回答,3,(三)简单句的分类：按用途分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句,祈使句,否定句,Dont,肯定祈使句,Be,型,Be careful./Dont be careless.,Do,型,Listen to me carefully.,Let,型,Let me help you.,感叹句,What,型,What a/an,adj,.,可数名词单数主语谓语！,What,adj,.,可数名词复数,/,不可数名词主语谓语！,How,型,How,adj,./,adv,.,主语谓语！,4,祈使句否定句Dont肯定祈使句Be型Be carefu,(,四,),反意疑问句考点,1,陈述句部分含有前、后缀否定词,dislike,，,unhappy,，,unlike,，,impossible,，,careless,等时，要“前肯后否”。,Tom dislikes studying,doesnt he?,Linda is unhappy now,isnt she?,2,陈述部分是,there be,句型时，不能把,there,改成,it,，,they,。,There was an exciting movie last night,wasnt there?,3,除,lets,祈使句的附加疑问句为,shall we,。其余祈使句的附加疑问句均为,will you,。,Let us walk to the mountain,will you?,Lets walk to the mountain,shall we?,5,(四)反意疑问句考点5,4,前否后肯的反意疑问句回答时，,yes,和,no,的含义交换。,1),You have never been late for school,have you?,No,I havent.(,是的，我从不迟到。,),I always get up early every morning.,2),She isnt your sister,is she?,Yes,she is.(,不，她是我姐姐。,),No,she isnt.(,是的，她不是我姐姐。,),5,had better,的附加疑问句由,had,构成。,Hed better not stay up late,had he?,6,4前否后肯的反意疑问句回答时，yes和no的含义交换。6,6,have/has/had,在完成时和不在完成时中的附加疑问句。,1)Lily has never been to London,has she?,2)They had a good time in Hainan,didnt they?,3)Tony has to do housework on weekends,doesnt he?,7,I am,的附加疑问句是,arent I,。,I am right,arent I?,7,6have/has/had 在完成时和不在完成时中的附加疑,(,五,),感叹句考点,What,adj,.,不可数名词主语谓语！,What bad weather it was yesterday!,What nice music it is!,8,8,考点一简单句,1,(2016,中考改编,),Tom_his father,，,because they both are cheerful and easygoing.(,),A,looks likeB,takes afterC,doesnt take after,2,(2016,中考改编,),Where did you go for your winter vacation?,My family went to Paris._ had a great time.(,),A,HeB,She,C,We,3,(2016,中考改编,),We will have a field trip this afternoon.The news makes everyone_,.(,),A,excitedB,frightened,C,happily,B,C,A,9,考点一简单句BCA9,4,(2016,中考改编,),How can you study in the living room when other people are watching TV?I think you need a_place.(,),A,cleanerB,quieter,C,safer,5,(2016,中考改编,),Look,！,There is a horse racing program on TV now.,Hmm.It_exciting.(,),A,seemsB,looks like,C,seems like,6,(2016,中考改编,),The story is_and all of us are_in it.(,),A.interest;interestingB.interesting;interestC.interesting;interested,7,(2016,中考改编,),She plays the guitar wonderfully.,Yes.And her voice sounds_,，,too.(,),A,beautifulB,more beautifulC,beautifully,B,A,C,A,10,4(2016中考改编)How can you study,8,(2016,中考改编,),Before going to the History Museum,，,our teacher told us_the public rules.(,),A,obeyB,to obey,C,obeying,9,(2016,中考改编,),You cant sneeze and keep your eyes_at the same time.,(,),A,openB,opens,C,opened,B,A,11,BA11,考点二陈述句和疑问句,1,(2016,中考改编,),_ you_the Beatles story?,Yes.And their songs are popular.(,),A,Did;hearB,Do;listen toC,Have;heard of,2,(2016,中考改编,),Mr Wangs never been to Canada,，,has he?,_.He went there on business last week.(,),A,No,，,he hasntB,Yes,，,he hasC,No,，,he has,3,(2016,中考改编,),_ an Art Festival in your school each term?,No,，,but there is an English party.(,),A,Are thereB,Is thereC,Do we have,C,B,B,12,考点二陈述句和疑问句CBB12,4,(2016,中考改编,),Your mother has never tried shopping on the Internet,，,_,？,(,完成反意疑问句,),5,(2016,中考改编,),The kid is playing the piano _.(,对划线部分提问,),_is the kid _ the piano?,has she,at the school music club,Where,playing,13,has sheat the school music clu,考点三感叹句,1,(2016,中考改编,),Look at the photo of the Smiths._ happy they are,！,(,),A,HowB,What,C,How a,2,(2016,中考改编,),Listen,！,Someone is playing the piano.,Wow,！,_ beautiful music,！,I like it very much.(,),A,WhatB,How a,C,What a,3,(2016,中考改编,),_ nice day it is today,！,Lets go out to play,，,shall we?,Thats a good idea.(,),A,How aB,What a,C,How,A,A,B,14,考点三感叹句AAB14,4,(2016,中考改编,),Ive just got a postcard from my pen friend.,Let me have a look.Wow._ nice card,！,(,),A,WhatB,What a,C,How,5,(2016,中考改编,),_good job she does,！,She is really a clever girl.(,),A,WhatB
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