专业英语第一学期课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Water Supply&Drainage Engineering Specialized English,(for Grade08,09),Li Dong Mei,Faculty of Municipal Public Equipment,School of Civil&transportation,Engineering,To protect Water environment is our responsibility!,Some requirements of grasping knowledge about Water treatment in the first term,Main contents of instruction,water resources and water crisis(,lesson1 and extra introduction,),water quality and water processing(lesson3,lesson58),Lecture,(,project report presentations will be held third times,),Purposes:,after the course,the student should be able to,comprehend knowledge of the main principles for water resources protection and water treatment processes,explain the situation of water resources and solutions of water crisis,explain fundamental mechanisms and technologies of pollutants removal,explain the importance of water mornitoring and management grasp main principles and technologies of water treatment apply the courses theories and methods for the analysis of particulates interaction and mechanism apply conventional principles and technologies to remove pollutants.,mini-projects,Study on the treatment efficiency of micro-pollutants contained in raw water in pearl river in Guangzhou:,(1)NH,3,-N(concentration:1mg/L,3mg/L,8mg/L);,(2)Natural organic matters(for short:NOM):humus(concentration:1mg/L,3mg/L,8mg/L);,(3)Nitrobenzene(concentration:3mg/L);,(4)surfactant-Sodium,Dodecyl,Sulfate(for short:SDS,concentration:3mg/L),introduction of project,dissolved,micro-pollutants in water body include two parts:organic matters,metallic ions.,The most tough problem is removal of dissolved low molecular weight organic matters,1)properties of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters,(1)low molecular weight:,500 Dalton,size,P-AC,(2)dissolved,Attached and Modify the surface properties of inorganic particles,(3)low concentration,Limitation of conventional chemicals,microorganism,2).treatment methods,Pretreatment technology,Enhanced conventional processes,advanced treatment methods,(1)Pretreatment processes:,pre-oxidation,pre-biological treatment,P-AC adsorption,(2)Enhanced conventional processes:,Enhanced coagulation,settling,filtration,(3)Advanced treatment methods:,GAC adsorption,photo-catalysis oxidation,O,3,-GAC,O,3,-BAC,membrane filtration,3).situations in China,Enhanced conventional processes are popular.Many kinds of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters are in rivers.Conventional theory and technology are the main part.,(1)Pretreatment processes and problems:,pre-chlorination(98%,for organic matters),pre-biological treatment(several),P-AC adsorption(water emergency,seldom),Problems:by-products(,THMs,),low efficiencies.,(2)Enhanced conventional processes and problems,:,Enhanced coagulation(100%),and enhanced filtration(seldom).,Problem:removal rate of dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters 20-30%,(3)Advanced treatment methods,:,GAC adsorption(20%),photo-catalysis oxidation(seldom),O,3,-GAC(20%),O,3,-BAC(seldom),membrane filtration(5-8%),Low efficiency of GAC adsorption,high energy consumption of oxidation,high cost of membrane.,Why?cost and technologies(absent!),How to change the situation in China?,The biggest problem is how to innovate,enhanced conventional processes,how to improve the removal efficiencies of,dissolved micro-pollution low molecular weight organic matters,Land,money,technologies are limited,recognition cant follow,Authoritative standards of the national water quality management,GB5749-85,生活饮用水卫生标准,（卫生部）,生活饮用水水质卫生规范,2001,（卫生部）,CJ/T2062005,城市供水水质标准,（建设部）,GB5749-2006,生活饮用水卫生标准,（卫生部）,SL308,村镇供水单位资质规范 （水利部）,Revised,生活饮用水卫生标准,表,1,水质常规检验项目及限值,项,目,单,位,限,值,1,、微生物学指标,*,（,4,项,）,总大肠菌群,MPN/100mL,或,CFU/100mL,不得检出,耐热大肠菌群,MPN/100mL,或,CFU/100mL,不得检出,大肠埃希氏菌,MPN/100mL,或,CFU/100mL,不得检出,菌落总数,CFU/,mL,100,2,、毒理学指标,（,15,项,）,砷,mg/L,0.01,镉,mg/L,0.005,铬（六价）,mg/L,0.05,铅,mg/L,0.01,汞,mg/L,0.001,硒,mg/L,0.01,氰化物,mg/L,0.05,氟化物,mg/L,1.0,硝酸盐（以,N,计）,mg/L,10,，水源限制时,20,三氯甲烷,mg/L,0.06,四氯化碳,mg/L,0.002,溴酸盐（使用臭氧时）,mg/L,0.01,甲醛（使用臭氧时）,mg/L,0.9,亚氯酸盐（只用于二氧化氯消毒）,mg/L,0.7,氯酸盐（只用于复合二氧化氯消毒）,mg/L,0.7,3,、感官性状和一般化学指标,（,17,项,）,色,铂钴色度单位,15,浑浊度,NTU(,散射浊度单位,),1,，水源与净水技术条件限制时为,3,臭和味,无异臭、异味,肉眼可见物,无,pH,pH,单位,不小于,6.5,；不大于,8.5,溶解性总固体,mg/L,1000,总硬度,(,以,CaCO,3,计,),mg/L,450,耗氧量（,COD,Mn,法，以,O,2,计）,mg/L,3,(,超过,类水源原水,6mg/L,时为,5),挥发酚类（以苯酚计）,mg/L,0.002,阴离子合成洗涤剂,mg/L,0.3,铝,mg/L,0.2,铁,mg/L,0.3,锰,mg/L,0.1,铜,mg/L,1.0,锌,mg/L,1.0,氯化物,mg/L,250,硫酸盐,mg/L,250,4.,放射性物质,（,2,项,）,总,放射性,Bq,/L,0.5,总,放射性,Bq,/L,1.0,表,2,水质常规检验项目,（根据所使用的消毒剂确定检验项目,（,4,项）,）,消毒剂名称,单位,接触时间,出厂水中限值,出厂水,中余量,管网末梢水中余量,氯气及游离氯制剂,游离氯,mg/L,与水接触至少,30min,出厂,4,0.3,0.05,氯 胺,总氯,mg/L,与水接触至少,120min,出厂,4,0.5,0.05,臭 氧,O,3,mg/L,与水接触至少,12min,出厂,0.3,0.02,；如加氯,总氯,0.05,二氧化氯,ClO,2,mg/L,与水接触至少,30min,出厂,0.8,0.1,0.02,项,目,单,位,限,值,1,、生物学指标,（,2,项）,贾第鞭毛虫,个,/10L,1,隐孢子虫,个,/10L,1,2,、毒理学指标,（,59,项）,锑,mg/L,0.005,钡,mg/L,0.7,铍,mg/L,0.002,硼,mg/L,0.5,钼,mg/L,0.07,镍,mg/L,0.02,银,mg/L,0.05,铊,mg/L,0.0001,三卤甲烷（三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯