金融英语课件2

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Breaking news,Chinacuts rates, lowers reserve ratio,Chinas central bank Monday cut the cost of bank loans, the first time since 2002, and lowered the proportion of money lenders must have as reserves, the first such move in nine years, to keep the economy from sliding further.,The benchmark lending rate will be lowered by 0.27 percentage point to 7.20 percent from Tuesday.,Chinacuts rates, lowers reserve ratio,However, benchmark deposit rates remain unchanged with the one-year rate to be kept at 4.14 percent, a proof that the central bankers are keeping an eye on inflation.,Chinacuts rates, lowers reserve ratio,The 1 percentage point cut from the reserve requirement ratio of 17.5 percent does not apply to the five biggest banks (the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, the Agricultural Bank of China, the Bank of China, the China Construction Bank, the Bank of Communications) and the Postal Savings Bank, the Peoples Bank of China (PBOC) said on its website.,Stocks sink amid Wall St crisis,US stocks suffered their biggest one-day decline on Monday since the market reopened after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, as investors sought the safety of cash and government debt following the historic collapse of,Lehman Brothers,and the emergency sale of,Merrill Lynch,to,Bank of America,.,Stocks sink amid Wall St crisis,The unprecedented changes on Wall Street - which was also gripped by rising fears about the health of,AIG, the giant insurer - left investors more concerned with preserving their capital than in generating returns. Yields on short-dated government debt collapsed, falling far below 1 per cent, amid frenzied buying,Stocks sink amid Wall St crisis,The Federal Reserve battled a ferocious storm in the overnight money market, where the federal funds rate briefly hit 6 per cent - three times the target rate of 2 per cent - as financial institutions scrambled to raise cash. The Fed injected a total of $70bn in liquidity, before the fed funds rate finally fell back later.,A,genda today,S,tock (common,v.s,preferred),D,erivatives,F,inancial instruments in international markets,Stock,A share (also referred to as equity shares) of stock represents a share of ownership in a corporation,Category of stock,Common,Preferred/preferential,Preferred stock,A hybrid,Features,Priority to assets and earnings,Par value,Cumulative dividends,convertibility,Common stock,Features,Residual value,Dividends not obligated,No maturity/ perpetuity,Control of the firm,Preemptive right,Two type of stock companies,Publicly held,Privately held,Advantages of issuing C.S,Not legally bound to pay dividends,No repaid “principal”,More funds to be raised than debt,disadvantages of issuing C.S,Dilution of ownership,More new shareholders share profit,More costly,Dividends are not tax deductible,Comparison of PS and CS,voting right - CS,get paid a guaranteed dividend at a pre-determined interest rate -PS,priority distribution of the companys assets,Derivatives,Financial assets whose values depend on the values of other assets, such as stocks or bonds. (underlying assets),Derivatives,Forward,Futures,Options,And swaps,Forwards,A,transaction,in which a,seller,agrees to deliver a specific,commodity,to a,buyer,at some point in the future.,Futures,Standardized forward contracts,A standardized, transferable, exchange-traded,contract,that requires,delivery,of a,commodity,bond,currency, or,stock index, at a specified,price, on a specified future date.,An example,Options,A right, not an obligation,Exercise price,Cost (premium),Spot market price,Options,European,American,Options,In the money,Out-of the money,Call options,Put options,Which financial instrument is best?,F,inancial instruments in international markets,American depository receipts,Foreign debt,Euro-debt,Euro-equity,American depository receipts,C,ertificate of foreign stock,T,raded in stock market in U.S,Denominated in USD,Foreign debt or Euro-debt,W,hat is the denomination?,H,ome currency or host country currency,