英语语法学习-直接引语变间接引语复习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Direct speech,直接引语,Reported speech,间接引语.,直接引述别人的,话，要加引号,用自己的话转述,别人的话，不用,引号,The boy said ,“ I,m,reading,a book.”,Direct speech,直接引语,The boy said (,that,),he,was,reading a book.,Reported speech,间接引语.,1,陈述句,直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导（that在口语中常省略）,一般现在时 He said, “ I can do well in English.”,现在进行时,He said, “Im writing a letter.”,一般将来时 Tom said to me “I will call you tomorrow”,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,He said,that,he,could,do well in English.,He said,that,he,was writing,a letter,.,Tom,told me,that,he,would,call,me,the next day.,注,： 如果主句是一般现在时，直接引语变间接引语时，从句的时态不变。,He says, “Im not good at math,. ”,He,says,that he,is,not good at math,.,记住,：,动词时态的变化,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,can,could,may,might,记住：,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和,动词的变化,直接引语,间接引语,指示代词,this, these,that, those,时间状语,now,today,yesterday,tomorrow,this week,next week.,then,that day,the day before,the next day,that week.,the next week,地点状语,here,there,动词,come,go,this,that,these,those,now,then,that day,today,yesterday,the day before,tomorrow,the next day,next week（month，year）,the next week(month, year),here,there,come,go,this week,that week,注意：,(1),当转述客观真理时，直接引语变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：,1.Hesaid ,“Themoon,moves,aroundtheearth.,He saidthatthemoon,moves,aroundtheearth.,(2),为了表示引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，也经常用一般现在时。,My teacher said, “Tom,is,a good student. ”,My teacher said Tom,is,a good student.,I,can,speak three languages.,He,said,he,could,speak three languages.,What did he say?,I,am,mad at Marcia.,He,said,he,was,mad at Marcia.,What did he say?,We,are,having a party for Lana.,What did they say?,They,said,they,were,having a party for Lana.,she was,hard-working,I am,hard-,working.,What did she say?,She said,she,was,not lazy.,What did she say?,She said,I am,not lazy.,he was,good at playing,basketball.,What did he say?,He said,Im,good at playing basketball.,I,am good,at,English.,She said,she was good at,English,.,What did she say?,What did she say?,I,do well in,English.,She said,she,did well in,English,.,do well in,I,do well in,English.,I go to beach every Sunday.,What did he say?,He,said,he,_.,went to,beach every Sunday,What did she say?,She,said,she,_.,would call,me tomorrow,I will call you tomorrow.,将下列直接引语的句子改写为间接引语:,1. Lana said, Im going to have a surprise party for Maria.,Lana said that,she was going to have a surprise party for Maria.,2. The teacher said, My students are hard-working.,The teacher said,that his/ her students were hardworking.,3. Tom told Jane, I will lend my bicycle to you.,Tom told Jane that,he would lend his bicycle to her/Jane.,5.She,saidto,him,“Itstime to go home.”,4.Mr.Wangsaid,“IwillleaveforShanghainextmonth.”,Mr.WangsaidthathewouldleaveforShanghaithenextmonth.,Shetoldhimthatitwastime to go home.,2.,直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要,把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。,1）一般疑问句。用,whether或if(是否）,引导。主句中的动词是,said,时改为,asked。,Eg. Hesaid,“,Areyou,astudent?”,疑问语序,Heasked mewhether /if,Iwas,astudent,.,陈述语序,2),特殊疑问句:,由直接引语变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的疑问词引导.要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。,Eg.“Whereareyougoing?”Fatherasked,hisson.,Eg.The policeman asked the small boy, “Where do you live?”,The policeman asked the small boy,where he,lived.,Father asked his son where he was going,疑问语序,陈述语序,疑问语序,陈述语序,3.,当直接引语是祈使句，变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词,常用,tell, ask, order,等, 而把直接引语的祈使句变成,带,(not) to的不定式短语,。,句型：,tell/ask/order sb (not)to do sth,如:,1 The teacher said to the students, “Stop,talking.”,老师对学生们说: “不要讲话了。”,The teacher,told,the students,to stop,talking.,老师让学生们不要说话了。,2.The teacher said to us,”Dont play in class.,The teacher,told/asked,us,not to play,in class.,change the direct speech into reported speech,1 The girl said,“I will have a party.”,The girl said (,that,),she would,have a party.,2 He asked me,“Is your father a doctor?”,He asked me,if /whether my,father,was,a doctor.,3 The police asked the man ,“Where are you going?”,The police asked the man,where he was,going.,4 Mother said to Tom,“get up earlier!”,Mother,told/asked,Tom,to,get up earlier.,5 The teacher said to us,“ Dont talk in class!”,The teacher,told,/asked,us,not to,talk in class.,6 The teacher said,“ The moon goes around the earth.”,The teacher said(,that,) the moon,goes,around the earth.,1. “I am good at English ,” Lucy said.,2. “Li Lei is reading a book,” Peter said,to Lucy.,3. “We will have a football match,” he,told his mother.,Lucy,said,she,was,good at English.,Peter,told,Lucy that Li Lei,was,reading,a book.,He,told,his mother they,would have,a football match .,二. 把下列句子变为间接引语。,4. “They go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday,” the boy said.,The boy,said,they,went to,school every day except Saturday and Sunday.,5. She asked me, Why do you want to do this?,She asked me,why I wanted to do that.,Summary,1当直接引语是陈述句：由( that) 引导,主语（said) that+句子（时态往过去推,told,2 当直接引语是一般疑问句: 用 if引导,whether,主语（asked) if +一般疑问句(主谓结构）,whether,3.,当直接引语是特殊疑问句时，用原来的特殊疑问词引导（what / where等）,主语 asked+what 特殊疑问句（主谓）,where,4当直接引语是祈使句时用句型：,主语+,told sb (not)to do sth,asked,ordered,