完全竞争和完全垄断市场中价格和产量的决定

,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Copyrights by Bocheng Yin,Xiaoyin Xu&Jianliang Feng,2013,Fudan University.,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Copyrights by Bocheng Yin,Xiaoyin Xu&Jianliang Feng,2013,Fudan University.,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Copyrights by Bocheng Yin,Xiaoyin Xu&Jianliang Feng,2013,Fudan University.,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Copyrights by Bocheng Yin,Xiaoyin Xu&Jianliang Feng,2013,Fudan University.,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,第六章,完,完全竞争市,场,场和完全垄,断,断市场中价,格,格和产量的,决,决定,西方经济学,简,简明教程(,第,第八版）,&,2006,2,第六章 完,全,全竞争市场,和,和完全垄断,市,市场中价格,和,和产量的决,定,定,前面我们分,析,析了生产者,行,行为和成本,函,函数，并讨,论,论了生产者,如,如何根据即,定,定的条件使,生,生产达到最,佳,佳效益。但,是,是成本函数,只,只是表明了,厂,厂商生产各,种,种产量所支,付,付的最低成,本,本，并不能,说,说明厂商将,选,选择什么样,的,的产量水平,。,。厂商最优,产,产量的确定,还,还要取决于,其,其所面临的,市,市场结构。,本,本章首先,对,对不同的市,场,场结构类型,作,作了区分，,说,说明了厂商,实,实现利润最,大,大化的一般,条,条件。然后,以,以完全竞争,和,和完全垄断,市,市场为研究,对,对象，具体,分,分析了厂商,在,在短期与长,期,期如何实现,最,最大利润下,的,的均衡产量,和,和均衡价格,。,。,3,主题内容,第一节 有,关,关厂商行为,的,的几个概念,第二节 完,全,全竞争市场,中,中价格和产,量,量的决定,第三节 完,全,全垄断市场,中,中价格和产,量,量的决定,问/答,4,市场及市场,结,结构类型,表61,四,四种市场,和,和厂商的基,本,本特征比较,市场结构类型,厂商数目,产品差别程度,个别厂商控制价格程度,厂商进入产业难易程度,现实中接近的行业,完全竞争,很多,无差别,没有,完全自由,农业,垄断竞争,很多,有些差别,有一些,比较自由,零售业,寡头垄断,几个,有或没有差别,相当有,有限,汽车制造业,完全垄断,一个,唯一产品无替代品,很大，但常受政府管制,不能,公用事业,5,厂商与行业,厂商与行业,的,的区别与联,系,系,成员与集体,的,的关系,行业与市场,的,的区别与联,系,系,行业是生产,或,或供给方面,的,的概念，而,市,市场包括供,求,求双方的关,系,系,6,厂商的收益,与,与利润,厂商的收益,总收益()：Q,平均收益()：(P,Q