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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Fast Reading,Skimming and Scanning,(P77 and P112,Book II),110 wpm,slow,reader.,240 wpm,oral,reader.,400 wpm,auditory,听觉的reader.,1000 wpm,visual,reader.,Fast reading involves,three major areas,:prehension,2.recognition of new words and 3.flexibility 灵活性in reading speed.,The best way to improve your fast reading ability is,of course,to read,.,Training the visual system in conjunction with analysis,criticism and synthesis 综合分析is the key to reading improvement.,Efficient reading requires the use of various problem-solving skills,such as,skimming,略读reading and,scanning,快读reading,detailed reading and guessing unknown words and so on.,Skimming,Skimming,understanding the main idea of the material,partial reading,used for light reading or reviewing,fastest speed,Comparatively,相对的，比较的,lower level of comprehension,selectively omitting parts of the material,remembering as many details as possible,How to skim?,Read the,first one or two paragraphs,(usu.Entirely,完全地,)so as to get an,overall picture,of the material;(introduction),Read the,key sentences,(usu.,the first,and,the last,)of the paragraphs,in the middle,;while doing this,try to,remember,some,important words,related to the topic;,Read the,concluding paragraphs,(usu.entirely)so as to find the conclusion/summary.,(Introduction of topic/subject matter/writing purpose,etc.Illustration/supporting details conclusion that echoes the introduction),Use the skill of,recognizing types of paragraphs,in order to save time when summarizing the main idea efficiently.If the main idea is not summarized in any one sentence,try to detect it from several sentences.,Take advantage of typographical,印刷上，排字上,details,such bolded-faced words,italicized words,titles and subtitles,footnotes,etc.,Pay attention to words and phrases which indicate logical relationship,逻辑关系,in the context.(e.g.Adversative conjunctions,转折连词,and coordinating conjunctions,并列连词,),Skimming Exercises,The concept of a national park differs from nation to nation.In Australia,the United States and Japan the land in national parks is government-owned and the management of these parks is decided by government policy.Activities such as housing or industry within the parks are discouraged.,In Britain,national parks are quite different.Parks such as the Lake District,Dart Moor and Exmore include towns and villages where large numbers of people live.Much of the land in these national parks is privately owned,but there are strict controls on its use,and on the appearance of the landscape and buildings,some of which(including whole villages)are heritage items.This style of national park is well suited to the scenic areas of Britain where human influences such as houses,farms and fields are part of the beauty,and combine with natural scenery to produce an overall attractiveness.,In Africa and Southern Asia,large national parks have been set up to preserve animals in particular.The land within these national parks is owned by the government,but there are many private developments,such as hotels and shops,for the visitors who come to see the animals.,This passage mainly discusses _.,a.The purpose of national parks b.National parks in different nations,c.The locations of national parks d.The concept of national parks,Para.1:the concept of a national park differs from nation to nation.,Para.1:Australia,the United States and Japan,Para.2:Britain,Para.3:Africa and Southern Asia,The average human spends 1/3 of his or her lifetime sleeping.Imagine how much people could accomplish if they spent less time sleeping.For many high school students,getting enough rest is not a priority.A National Sleep Foundation survey confirms that teens are staying up too late at night,usually getting 7 hours of sleep instead of the recommended 9 hours.Although teenagers internal clocks are partially to blame for not sleeping earlier,many students lose sleep because of school.,Schools should allow students ample time for sleep,taking jobs,sports,and other extracurricular activities into consideration.,Students who are extremely busy and lose sleep as a result should not have to drop their activities in order to get more rest.With colleges becoming increasingly competitive,it is unreasonable for students to be forced to choose between sleeping and excelling.,The writer is concerned about _.,a.sleep time of the average human,b.the priority of sleep,c.teenagers internal clocks,d.teens and their sleep,Para.1:high school students,teens,teenagers,sleeping,sleep,Para.2:Schools should allow students much time for sleep.,Para.3:Students should have enough sleep and excel at the same time.,The temperature of the Sun is over 5,000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface,but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center.The Sun is so much hotter than the Earth that matter can exist only as a gas,except at the core.In the core of the Sun,the pressures are so great against the gases that,despite the high temperature,t
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