英语专四作文写作

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,TEM 4 Writing,2010,年,TEM,试卷,Part VI WRITING,(45MIN),Section A COMPOSITION (,35MIN,),It was recently reported in a newspaper that six students who shared a dorm at a local university hired a cleaner to do laundry and cleaning once a week.And each of them paid her 60 Yuan a month.This has led to a heated debate as to whether college students should hire cleaners.,Write on ANSWER SHEET THREE a composition of about,200 words,on the following topic:,Should College Students Hire Cleaners?,You are to write in three parts.,In the first part,state clearly what your view is.,In the second part,support your view with appropriate reasons.,In the last part,bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.,Marks will be awarded for,content,organization,grammar,and,appropriateness,.Failure to follow the instruction may result in a loss of marks.,专四作文要求,专四作文要求：根据所给作文题目、提纲、数据等，,在,35,分钟内写,200,单词的左右的作文，分值,15,分,，要求：切题、完整、条理清楚、结构严谨、语法正确、语言通顺、表达得体。体裁为,议论文、说明文,（记叙文、描写文没有考过但不能排除）。,一、,分析往届真题，判断作文命题方式,年份 主题或题目 题材 体裁 题型,1995,大学生打工利与弊 学生业余生活 议论文 利弊比较,1996,大学生活与中学生活的不同 学生生活 说明文 对比说明,1997,专业学习压力利或弊 学生学习 议论文 观点议论,1998,一种解决城市空气污染的办法 环境 说明文 提出建议,1999,电视广告的利或弊 社会现象 议论文 利弊讨论,2000,课外活动的重要性 学生生活 说明文 观点说明,2001,旅游开阔视野 大众生活 说明文 观点说明,2002,保持健康的最好办法 大众生活 说明文 提出建议,2003,保持好心情的重要性 大众生活 说明文 观点说明,2004,电话是否会代替写信？社会现象 议论文 观点议论,2005,为艺术节提建议 校园文化生活 说明文 提出建议,2006,攒钱,/,还是花明天的钱 大众生活 议论文 观点议论,2007,网上交友理智吗 学生业余生活 议论文 观点议论,2008,做志愿者的好处 学生业余生活 说明文 观点议论,2009,旅游伤害环境吗 社会现象 议论文 观点议论,2010,大学生聘用清洁工吗 学生业余生活 议论文 观点议论,2011,私有车能交污染税吗？大众生活 议论文 观点议论,2012,端午节 大众生活 说明文 说明介绍,2013,节约花钱 大众生活 议论文 说明观点,2014,英语专业学生学数学 大学生学业 议论文 观点议论,二、专业四级,命题的特点,*题材,常常涉及到,学生生活,，如学习、文化、课外活动、文化艺术节等，大众生活如身体健康的方法、心情愉快的重要性和旅游的作用等，一些社会热点问题和现象，如网络、环境、科技的负面影响和私家车等话题。,*体裁,以,说明文,和,议论文,为主，有时会有二者的配合使用。如“保持好心情的重要性”，首先要阐述出几个重要性，属于说明文；然后在分析为什么要那样做，属于议论文。因此有的作文以说明文为主，有的以议论文为主。,*,题型,1,）比较选择类作文,1995,，,1996,，,1999,，,2,）意义、重要性、危害性说明类作文,2000,，,2001,，,2003,，,2006,，,2008,3,）观点论证类作文,1997,，,2002,，,2004,，,2007,，,2009,，,2010,，,2011,4,）提出建议、解决问题类作文,1998,，,2005,。,三、,写作步骤,1.,审清指令,理解指令是写作考试至关重要的环节,因为指令包括了对作文主题、发展方式等方面的要求。,例,The Best Way to Stay Healthy,审题关键：,the BEST way,-doing exercises?,-keeping a balanced diet?,-having enough sleep?,2.,列出,写作提纲,将主题思想具体化、条理化。,理清思路，使文章有章可循，有理可依。,保证不跑题,有利于整体布局。,短语句子均可，自己看得懂即可。,例,The Best Way to Stay Healthy,the BEST way -doing exercises,REASONS:,1.physically strong(lung,heart,blood circulation),2.Help to improve appetite,3.Help to release pressure-relaxation,4.Help to build confidence(by race,competition)-mentally strong,conclusion,3.,确定主题句,：,主题句是确保不跑题的前提。写主题句最保险的方法就是将考试提示中的关键句，甚至标题加以灵活应用，考生可以直接把它扩充为主题句,topic sentence,。,4.,安排结构,指令对文章的结构有规定：,第一段明确观点,（简单导入和主题思想句）；,第二段提供理由和事例,（主题句和有说服力的细节和事件,-,一定是具体的例子和事件，不要空虚的套话）；,第三段归纳总结,（使用表示总结的词汇或词组，不要引出新观点）,。,5.,草稿写作,按照拟订的提纲进行充实，补充必要的细节。在打草稿的过程中可以不局限于提纲，任意发挥。以提纲为指导，对主题思想整体布局，通盘考虑。可以对提纲进行调整和修改。,6.,适当修改,主题思想明确，文章不偏题；,细节与主题密切相关；,句子和段落间的衔接；,文章无标点、拼写、大小写和语法方面的错误,。,四,.,段落的写法,句子分布：,按照专业四级作文的要求，在,35,分钟写一篇,200,左右的短文，因此全文只能有,13-14,个句子，其中引言段,3,，,4,，,3,句，正文段,8,，,7,，,7,句，结语段,3,，,3,，,4,句即可。,四,.,开头的写法,开头,利用指令改写,In this fast-paced society,people are confronted with stress in a variety of directions like education,career or family.Therefore,to keep a good mood is of great significance to fight against pressure from all aspects of life.,开头,开门见山,The importance of keeping a good mood can never be overstated.I have the following reasons to support this statement.,开头,名言、数据等,+,观点,避免写作的主观性，可以在作文中出现别人的声音：,1.,如数据,（,According to a recent poll,61percent of American high school students have admitted cheating on exams at least once.,）、,2.,别人的话,（,My teacher often said that you cant tell a book by its cover.,）、,3.,名人的至理名言,（“,Love makes all hard hearts gentle”by George Herbert,）、,4.,谚语,（,A friend in need is a friend indeed.,）,名言都有固定的句式，不确信最好不用。,Hobbies are the best teacher.,开头,提问：注意人称的变换,-we,you,it?,Are you in a good mood today?Do you take a good mood as an important part of your life?Definitely,the importance of a good mood can never be overstressed.,The following reasons can account for why a good mood is so important.Firstly,a good can help,us,.,五、中间段,/,主体段的写法,中间段要有,主题句,（,topic sentence),主旨句是针对全篇文章，是全文内容的总结，并依靠全文的段落支持。因此应出现在开头段里。,主题句是对整个段落而言，它是段落思想的概括，并靠整个段落中的例子、细节等来支持、开展。,Requirements of a Good Topic Sentence,1,）,Topic sentence should be a complete sentence with a complete meaning.,Many items to be ready for a safe,enjoyable hike.,I need many items to be ready for a safe,enjoyable hike.,Topic sentence should not be too general and should be clear in meaning.,Television is very important.,Television plays an educational role in daily life.,3)Topic sentence should have practical content.(,主题句内容必须具体。,),To improve reading ability,one needs to acquire some reading skills.,To improve English proficiency,one need to acquire some skills.,4)Topic sentence should not be a specific description.(,描写细节的句子不能作主题句。,),1.He sent his wife a diamond ring on her thirtieth birthday.,2.They moved to a new apar