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Unit 1,The world of our senses,Grammar and usage,长沙县二中,罗啸,模块,4,名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。另外还可以作定语、状语。,在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(,Noun Clauses,）,名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任,主语、宾语、表语、同位语,等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,。,相关概念,名词性从句,noun clause,主语从句,subject clause,宾语从句,object clause,表语从句,predicative clause,同位语从句,appositive clause,1.,主语从句：从句在句中充当主语,1),That he will succeed,is certain.,2),Whether he will go there,is not known.,3),What he said,is not true.,4),Where he hid the money,is to be found,out.,5),Whoever comes,is welcome.,6),It,s certain,that he will succeed,.,What she did,is not yet known.,Whoever comes,is welcome.,Whether hell come here,isnt clear.,Wherever you are,is my home my only home.,1),whether,可以引导主语从句放句首,但,if,不能。,2)为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经,常用,it,作形式主语,主语从句放在后,面作真正的主语。,注意,It is,well known/reported /,thought/said,that,It is,clear/necessary/certain/true/doubtfulthat,It is,a pity/a shame/an honour,that,It,doesnt matter,whether,It,seems,that,It,happens,that,2.,宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语成分（可以作谓语动词、介词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语）,1)They know,that the habit will kill them,.,2)It all depends on,whether they will support us,.,3)He asked,how much I paid for the violin,.,4)He made,it,clear to the public,that he did an important and necessary job,.,5)I find,it,necessary,that we should do the homework,.,I doubt,whether he will succeed.,You may do,what you will,.,He told,us that he felt ill,.,3.表语从句：从句在句中充当表语成分，一般放在连系动词之后。,作用：对主语进行解释说明。,连接词：,that/whether/as if/as though,（if,不引导表语从句),连接代词：,who/whom/whose/which/what,连接副词：,when/where/why/how/because,The question is,whether we can rely on him,.,Thats,because we were in need of money at that time.,He looked,as if he was going to cry,.,Thats,why I was late,.,The trouble is,that I have lost his address.,All this was over twenty years ago,but its,as if it was only yesterday.,The question is,how he did it.,表语从句,4,.,同位语从句：从句在句中充当同位语成分,其一般跟在一些抽象名词,(idea;,belief;effect;truth;problem;news,等,),后面,对名词作进一步解释说明。,同位语从句常用,that,引导或用连接副词,when/where/why/how/whether,。,Sydney,kept his,promise,that he would always do anything he could for Lucie to make sure of her happiness,.,1),The idea,that computers can recognize human voices,surprises many people.,2),Word,came,that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them,.,They were all very much worried over the fact that,you were sick.,Early in the day came the news that,Germany had declared war on Russia.,I have no idea,whether hell come or not.,同位语从句,Try to find the noun clauses in the Reading section on page 2 and tell the functions.,At lunchtime,the radio weatherman reported,that,the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.,object clause,2.,She wondered,if,the buses would still be running.,3.,The truth is,that,the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.,4.,She sensed,that,she was being watched,by a tall man in a dark coat.,object clause,predicative clause,object clause,
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