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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,(,一,),动词的时态,1,一般现在时,(1),表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态、客观,真理、客观存在、科学事实等。例如：,My mother works in a bank.,Quality comes before quantity.,(2),表示按时间表、规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作。常,用于,be,，,go,，,come,，,start,，,depart,，,arrive,，,begin,，,open,，,close,等表示起始的短暂性动词。句子中常有表示将来的时间状语。例如：,The plane leaves at three sharp.,(3),在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，代替一般将来,时。例如：,I will not go to the countryside if it rains tomorrow.,2,一般过去时,(1),表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态,或不表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。例如：,I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school.,(2),表示没有确定的过去时间但实际已发生的动作。,有些动作发生的时间没有具体表明，但实际上是,“,刚才、刚刚,”,发生的，要用一般过去时态。例如：,I didnt know you were so busy.,3,一般将来时,表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用以下几种形式表示：,(1)will/shall,动词原形,表示客观上将势必发生的事情或临时做出的打算。例如：,He will be twenty years old next year.,Where is the dictionary?,I will go and get it for you.,(2)be going to,动词原形,表示主观计划、打算做某事或根据某种迹象表明某事即将发生。例如：,Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.,(3)be to do,结构,表示计划、约定或按职责、义务必须去做的事或即将发生的动作。例如：,All the questions are to be answered at once.,(4)be about to do,结构,表示不久或即将要发生的动作，一般不与时间状语连用。,Sit down,，,everyone.The film is about to start.,4,现在进行时,(1),表示此时此刻或现阶段正在发生的动作或状态、反复发,生或持续存在的动作与状态。例如：,The famous writer is writing another novel.,You are always changing your mind.,(2),某些瞬间动词，如,go,，,come,，,leave,，,start,，,begin,，,arrive,，,drive,等的进行时可表示将来意义。例如：,I am leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.,表示心理活动、拥有、行为结果、表象、感官的动词，如,understand,，,realize,，,believe,，,have,，,own,，,possess,，,belong to,，,seem,，,look,，,sound,，,accept,，,admit,，,receive,等不能用于进行时态。,5,过去进行时,(1),表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作。例如：,I was reading a novel when you called.,(2),短暂性动词,come,，,go,，,start,，,begin,，,leave,，,arrive,，,get,，,become,等的过去进行时表示从过去某一时刻看将要发生的动作。例如：,She asked him whether he was coming back for lunch.,(3),过去进行时也可表示现在，使语气更加委婉、客气。,例如：,I was wondering if you could give me a lift.,6,现在完成时,(1),表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，或过去发生,的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在，而且还可能继续持续下去。例如：,My brother has already finished his homework.,(2),在时间或条件等状语从句中，代替将来完成时。例如：,I will give my opinion when I have read the book through.,7,过去完成时,(1),表示在过去某一时间之前已完成的动作或状态，或,从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到过去的另一个时间,的动作或状态。例如：,Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.,(2),动词,hope,，,think,，,expect,，,intend,，,mean,，,suppose,，,want,等的过去完成时可表示未曾实现的愿望或打算。,例如：,I had intended to speak,，,but time did not permit.,8,现在完成进行时,表示过去某一时刻发生的动作一直持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。例如：,It has been raining since last night.,9,过去将来时,表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或过去打算做某事。例如：,She said her mother would come to see her.,I was going to call you when you came in.,I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me.,10,将来完成时,表示到将来某一时间完成的动作。例如：,They will have graduated from senior high school by June next year.,11,将来进行时,表示将来某个时间点或时间段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。例如：,Andy will be teaching English in Jinan at this time of next month.,1.,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：,(1),现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况，但和,现在有联系，强调的是对现在造成的影响或结果，它不能同表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可加,“,已经,”,等词。简言之，利用过去，说明现在。例如：,I have already read the novel written by the worldfamous writer.(,已经看过，且了解这本书的内容,),(2),一般过去时只表示过去发生的动作或状态，和现在,无关，它可和表示过去的时间状语连用，汉译英时可,加,“,过,”,，,“,了,”,等词。简言之，仅谈过去，不关现在。,例如：,I read the novel last month.(,只说明上个月看了，不涉及现在是否记住,),I lived in Beijing for ten years.(,只,说明在北京住过十年，与现在无关,),2.,现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别：,两者都可以表示,“,从过去开始一直持续到现在,”,，在含义上如着重表示动作的结果时，多用现在完成时，如着重表示动作一直在进行，即动作的延续性时，则多用现在完成进行时。一般不能用于进行时的动词也不能用于现在完成进行时。例如：,I have read that book.,我读过那本书了。,I have been reading that book all the morning.,我早上一直在读那本书。,(,二,),动词的语态,动词的语态用于表达主语和谓语的关系。通常如果主语是谓语动作的执行者，谓语就用主动语态，如果主语是谓语动作的承受者，就用被动语态。,动词被动语态的构成：,时态,被动语态形式,一般现在时,am,/is/,are done,一般过去时,was/were done,一般将来时,will/shall be done,过去将来时,would/should be done,现在进行时,am,/is/,are,being done,过去进行时,was/were,being done,现在完成时,have/has been done,过去完成时,had been done,(1),情态动词的被动形式包括：,一般式：情态动词,be done,；,完成式：情态动词,have been done,。,(2),完成进行时没有被动形式。,(3),不及物动词或不及物动词短语,(,如：,come true,，,consist of,，,happen,，,take place,，,become,，,rise,，,occur,，,belong to,，,break out,，,appear,，,arrive,，,leave,，,last exist,，,succeed,等,),没有被动语态。,(4),及物动词短语,(,如：,take care of,，,pay attention to,，,agree on,，,take part in,，,take advantage of),可有被动语态，但应注意不可漏掉句末的介词,/,副词，例如：,She was very pleased to see that all the children were taken good care of.,(5),汉语有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构表示。例如：,It is believed that.,It is generally considered that.,It is well known that. It must be pointed out that.,It is reported that. It must be admitted that.,It is said that . It is hoped that.,It is supposed that,(6),下面主动形式常表示被动意义：例如：,The clothes washes well.,The door wont shut.,The dish tastes delicious.,The window wants/needs/requires repairing.,The book is worth reading twice.,一、单词填空,(,用所给动词的适当形式填空。,),1,Have you finished reading,Jane,Eyre?,No,，,I _(do) my homework all day yesterday.(,北京高考,),2,When you are home,，,give a call to let me know you,_(arrive) safely.(,全国卷,),3,The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to,believe that a fortune _(make),(,全国卷,),4,Linda,，,make sure the tables _(set) before the,guests arrive.(,全国卷,),5,Bob would have helped us yesterday,，,but he,_(be) busy.(,安徽高考,),6,Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?,Yes,，,since he _ (join) the Chinese Society.,(,宁夏高考,),7,Teenagers _ (damage) their health because they,play computer games too much.(,重庆高考,),8,I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I,couldnt get through. Her brother _ (talk) on the phone all the time,！,(,湖南高考,),9,John promised his doctor he _ (not smoke),，,and he has not smoked ever since.(,北京高考,),10,At this time tomorrow,，,I _ (lie) on the beach.,11,So far this year we_(see) a fall in house prices,by between 5 and 10 percent.(,福建高考,),12,The hotel wasnt particularly good.But I _,(stay) in many worse hotels.(,北京高考,),13,We first met on a train in 2000.We both felt,immediately that we _ (know) each other for years.(,辽宁高考,),14,Im sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.,I think so.He _(prepare) for it for months.(,江苏高考,),15. The telephone _ (ring),，,but by the time I got,indoors, it stopped.(,四川高考,),16,Did you go to the show last night?,Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area _ (invited),(,陕西高考,),17,Whats that noise?,Oh,，,I forgot to tell you.The new machine_.,(test)(,浙江高考,),18,I like these English songs and they_(teach),many times on the radio.(,安徽高考,),19,No decision _ (make) about any future,appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.(,北京高考,),20,Do you have any problems if you _ (offer),this job?,Well,，,Im thinking about the salary.(,湖南高考,),答案：,1.was doing,2.have arrived,3.was to be made,4.are set,5.was,6.joined,7.are damaging,8.was talking,9,would not smoke,10.will be flying,11.have seen,12,had stayed,13.had known,14.has been preparing,15.was ringing,16.was invited,17.is being tested,18.have been taught,19.will be made,20.are offered,二、语篇填空,It was getting dark when I 1._ (get) home.It was cold and I 2._ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and put my land into my pocket to take out the key,，,but I couldnt it find it.I suddenly remembered that I 3._ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didnt make any difference.I knew my wife 4._ (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now,，,so I 5._ (knock) at the door.There,was no answer.I 6._ (continue) knocking at the,door for some time.I 7._ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy 8._ (tell) me at noon.He said that my wife 9._ (phone) saying that she 10._ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.It seemed that nothing 11._ (can do) and I 12._ (shut) out of my house.,答案：,1.got,2.was wearing,3.had left,4.was,5.knocked,6,continued,7.was getting,8.had told,9.had phoned,10.would go,11.could be done,12.would be shut,(,一,),情态动词,情态动词的基本用法：,情态,动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,can,能力,(,体力，智力，技能,),允许或许可,(,口语中常用,),可能性,(,表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中,),can not,/cannot/,cant do,Can.do.,？,Yes,，,.can. No,，,.cant,could,couldnt do,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,may,可以,(,问句中表示请求,),可能，或许,(,表推测,),祝愿,(,用于倒装句中,),may not do,May.do.,？,Yes,，,.may.,No,，,.mustnt/cant,might,might not do,Might.do.,？,Yes,，,.might. No,，,.might not.,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,must,必须，应该,(,表主观要求,),肯定，想必,(,肯定句中表推测,),must not/mustnt do,Must.do.,？,Yes,，,.must. No,，,.neednt/,dont have to.,have to,只好，不得不,(,客观的必须，有时态人称变化,),dont have to do,Do.have to do.,？,Yes,，,.do.,NO,，,.dont.,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,ought to,应当,(,表示义务责任，口语中多用,should),ought not to/oughtnt to do,Ought.to do.,？,Yes,，,.ought. No,，,.oughtnt.,shall,将要，会,用于一三人称征求对方意见,用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等,shall not/shant do,Shall.do.,？,Yes,，,.shall. No,，,.shant.,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,should,应当，应该,(,表义务责任,),本该,(,含有责备意味,),should not/shouldnt do,Should.do.,？,will,意愿，决心,请求，建议，用在问句中,would,比较委婉,will not/wont do,Will.do.,？,Yes,，,.will.,No,，,.wont.,would,would not/wouldnt do,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,dare,敢,(,常用于否定句和疑问句中,),dare not/darent do,Dare.do.,？,Yes,，,.dare.,No,，,.darent.,need,需要,必须,(,常用于否定句和疑问句中,),need not/neednt do,Need.do.,？,Yes,，,.must. No,，,.neednt.,情态动词,用法,否定式,疑问式与简答,used to,过去常常,(,现在已不再,),used not,/usednt/,usent to do,didnt use to do,Used.to do.,？,Yes,，,.used. No,，,.use(d)nt. Did.use to do.,？,Yes,，,.did. No,，,.didnt.,(,一,),情态动词的完成式,1.,表示对过去情况的推测,(1)may/might have done,可能,(,已经,),做了,(2)must have done,一定,(,已经,),做了,(3)can/could have done,可能,(,已经,),做了,(,否定句或疑问句,),例如：,The ground is rather wet,，,so it must have rained last night,，,didnt it,？,(,表示推测,),2.,表示轻微的责备或后悔,(1)should/ought to have done,本应该做某事,(,但事实上却没做,),(2)neednt have done,本不必做某事,(,但事实上却做了,),(3)might/could have done,本可以做某事,(,但事实上却没做,),(4)would rather have done,本想做某事,(,但事实上却没做,),例如：,I really regretted wasting the hours when I should have studied hard,，,but it was too late.(,表示后悔,),(,二,),表示能力时，,can,与,be able to,一般可互换，但,be able to,可用于将来时和完成时等更多时态；在表示过去具体某次能够成功做成某事时，只能用,was/were able to,。例如：,The little girl could speak English fluently and she was able to get the first prize in the English speech contest.,(,三,)must,与,have to,的区别：,must,强调主观认为,“,必须,”,做某事，而,have to,强调客观上要求,“,不得不,”,做某事；,have to,有过去式,(had to),和将来时,(will have to),等更多时态；,mustnt,不准，,dont have to,neednt,不必。另外，,must,还可表示固执,“,硬要，偏要,”,。例如：,With so much work to do,，,he had to stay up tonight.(,不得不,),Must you make so much noise when we are listening to the tape,？,(,偏要,),(,四,)should,可表示,“,万一,”,。例如：,Should he fail,，,what would you do,？,(,五,)shall,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等；也可在法令、条约、规章中表示强制，意为,“,必须，应该,”,；还可以用于,Shall I/he.(,要不要我,/,他,？,好吗？,),。例如：,If you keep on breaking the rules,，,you shall be punished one day.(,警告,),Dont worry.You shall get what belongs to you.(,许诺,),(,二,),虚拟语气,虚拟语气的基本用法：,类别,用法,例句,If,引导的条件从句,与现在事实相反,从句动词：过去式,(be,用,were),主句动词,：,should,/,would/,could/might,动词原形,If he were here,，,he would help us.,类别,用法,例句,If,引导的条件从句,与过去事实相反,从句动词：,had,过去分词,主句动词：,should,/would/,could/might,have,过去分词,If I had been free,，,I would have visited you.,与将来事实相反,从句动词：过去式,/should,动词原形,/,were,不定式,主句动词：,should,/would/,could/might,动词原形,If it should rain tomorrow,，,we would not go camping.,类别,用法,例句,其他状语从句,as if,引导的状语从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式,They are talking as if they had been friends for years.,in order that,/so that,引导的状语从句中动词用,can/,could,/may/,might/would,等动词原形,Turn on the light so that we can see it clearly.,类别,用法,例句,宾语从句,demand,，,suggest,，,order,，,insist,后接的从句中动词为,(should,),动词原形,He suggested that we not change our mind.,wish,后的从句中分别用过去式，过去完成式和,should/would,动词原形表示与现在、过去和将来情况相反,I wish I could be a pop singer.,类别,用法,例句,主语从句,在,It is necessary,/important/,strange that.,，,It is suggested,/demanded/,ordered/requested that.,等从句中，谓语动词用,(should,),动词原形,It is strange that such a person should be our friends.,类别,用法,例句,其他句型中,It is time that.,句型中动词用过去式或,should,动词原形,Its high time that we left.,would rather,所接的从句中动词用过去式或者过去完成式,I would rather you stayed at home now.,If only,句型中动词常用过去式或者过去完成式，表示强烈的愿望,If only our dream had come true,！,一、用合适的情态动词及括号内所给动词的适当形式填空,1,Im afraid Mr.Harding _ (see) you,now.Hes busy.(,全国卷,),2,Jack descried his father,，,who _,(be)a brave boy many years ago,，,as a strongwilled man.(,全国卷,),3,Good morning.Ive got an appointment with Miss,Smith in the Personnel Department.,Ah,，,good morning.You _ (be)Mrs.Peters.(,北京高考,),4,Mark _ (hurry),After driving at top,speed,，,he arrived half an hour early.(,天津高考,),5,I havent got the reference book yet,，,but Ill have a test,on the subject next month.,Dont worry.You _ (have) it by Friday.(,江苏高考,),6,It is strange that such a person _ (be),our friend.,7,The weather has been very hot and dry.,Yes.If it had rained even a drop,，,things would be much better now,！,And my vegetables _ (die),(,北京高考,),8,Teachers recommend parents _,(allow) their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.(,福建高考,),9,If he _ (follow) my advice,，,he,wouldnt have lost his job.(,湖南高考,),10,George is going to talk about the geography of his,country,，,but Id rather he _ (focus) more on its culture.(,江苏高考,),11,Tom graduated from college at a very young age.,Oh,，,he _ (be) a very smart boy then.,12,The ground is very dry,，,so it _,(rain) last night.,13,Your home is not far from your school,，,so you,_ (leave) in such a hurry.,14,I _ (come) to help you,，,but I was,too busy at that time.,15,Mr White _ (arrive) at 800 for,the meeting,，,but he didnt show up.,16,The lights of the classroom are still on,，,who can,it be?,It _ (be) Jenny.She always leaves so late.,17,There _ (be) any difficulty about,possing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.,18,The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called,the World Wide Wait because it _ (be) very slow.,答案：,1.cant see,2.must have been,3.must be,4.neednt have hurried,5.shall have,6.(should) be,7.wouldnt have died,8.(should) not allow,9.had followed,10.focused,11.must have been,12.cant/couldnt have rained,13,neednt have left,14.would rather have gone,15.should have arrived,16.must be,17.shouldnt be,18.can be,二、用适当的情态动词完成下面的短文,Miss Fang 1._ (not) read for very long without getting a headache.Her mother told her that she 2._ go to the Health Service and see a doctor.“You 3._ see a doctor as soon as possible,，,”,she said.“You 4._need glasses.”,When Miss Fang had free time,，,she went to the Health Service.The appointment clerk said that the doctor 5._ see her at 330.,Miss Fang replied that she 6._ not be able to be there at 330 because she had a class then.“The doctor 7._ take you at about ten to four,，,”,the appointment clerk suggested.,“8._ I put you down for ten to four,，,or 9._ you rather come tomorrow,？,”,Miss Fang thought she 10._ (not) waste any more time.The teacher 11._ be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little early,，,as he was always so kind to everyone.And she replied,，,“,I think I 12._ make it at ten to four.”,Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher,，,“,13._ I leave at 345 today,？,I 14._ have an eye examination.”As expected,，,the teacher said,，,“,Yes,，,of course you 15._.”,答案：,1.couldnt,2.should,3.should,4.might,5.could,6.would,7.might,8.Shall,9.would,10.shouldnt,11.shouldnt,12.can,13.May/Can,14.must,15.can,非谓语动词是指动词不定式,(to do),、动词的,ed,形式,(,过去分词,),和动词的,ing,形式,(,现在分词和动名词,),。它们不能独立充当句子的谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制，但可带自己的宾语、状语和逻辑主语。在非谓语动词前加否定词,not,可构成否定形式。,(,一,),动词不定式,1,基本用法,动词不定式具有名词、形容词、副词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语；同时，它还保留有动词的特征，因此可有自己的宾语和状语,(,形成不定式短语,),。,(1),作宾语,不定式往往跟在某些及物动词后面作宾语，其逻辑主语同时也是全句的主语。当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，需运用形式宾语,it,。例如：,They want to get their passports as soon as possible.,She found it difficult to answer the question.,不定式作动词,tell,，,show understand,，,explain,，,teach,，,learn,，,advise,，,discuss,等词的宾语时，前面常带疑问词。,Please tell me what to do next.,不定式在介词,but,后面时，若介词前有行为动词,do,的某种形式，则介词后的不定式不带,to,；否则就要带,to.,另外在,cant choose but/cant help but(,只好,),，,cant but (,只好,),，,had better,，,would rather,后面的不定式要省略,to,。例如：,We could do nothing but wait.,试比较：,We cant choose but leave.,We have no choice but to leave.,(2),作宾语补足语,不定式在,feel,，,hear,，,see,，,watch,，,notice,，,observe,等感官动词以及,have,，,let,，,make,等使役动词后作宾语补足语时要省略,to.,但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带,to,。例如：,I saw him take the book away.,He was seen to take the book away.,(3),作定语,作定语的不定式若是不及物动词，或者所修饰的名词或代词是其动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应的介词。例如：,The Browns have a big house to live in.,但是，不定式所修饰的名词若是,time,，,place,或,way,时，后面的介词往往省去。例如：,He had no money and no place to live (in),不定式所修饰的名词或代词是其动作的承受者时，不定式既可用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但含义不同。试比较：,Have you anything to type,？,(,不定式的动作执行者是,“,你,”,),Have you anything to be typed,？,(,不定式的动作执行者是,“,说话者,”,或,“,别人,”,),以下几种情况须用不定式作定语：,a,定语表示将来动作。,The car to be bought is for his sister.,b,定语用于修饰被序数词、最高级或,no,，,all,，,any,等限定的中心词。,She is always the first to come and the last to leave.,c,定语用于修饰抽象名词，如,ability,，,chance,，,idea,，,fact,，,excuse,，,promise,，,answer,，,reply,，,attempt,，,belief,，,way,，,reason,，,moment,，,time,等。例如：,I have no chance to join the club.,(4),作状语,用作目的状语。强调时用,in order to/so as to,。,so as to,不用于句首。例如：,She arrived early (in order/so as) to get a good seat.,(In order) to catch the first bus,，,he got up early.,用作结果状语。常见的结构有：,so.as to.,，,such.as to.,，,enough to.,，,only to.,和,too.to.,。,例如：,He was so careless as to forget his keys.,(1),在,“,too.to.”,结构中，如果,too,后面的形容词是,eager,，,anxious,，,willing,，,ready,等时，意为,“,十分,”,。另外，在,only,，,never,等后的不定式也是如此。例如：,Im only too glad to stay at home.,Its never too late to learn.,(2)only to,结构常常表示出乎意料、意想不到的结果。,He hurried home only to find everyone was out.,用作原因状语。用于表示喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词表语后面。这类形容词有：,glad,，,sorry,，,lucky,，,eager,，,free,，,afraid,，,ready,，,anxious,，,nice,，,foolish,，,careful,，,interesting,，,easy,，,difficult,，,slow,，,certain,，,sure,，,willing,，,excited,等。例如：,They were excited to hear the news.,2,时态和语态变化及用法,不定式仍具有动词的特征，可有时态和语态的变化，见下表,(,以动词,do,为例,),：,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,to do,to be done,进行式,to be doing,完成式,to have done,to have been done,(1),不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作,或状态同时,(,或几乎同时,),发生，或是在它之后发生。例如：,I hope to hear from you soon.(to hear from,表示将来,),(2),不定式的进行式表示正在进行的动作，与谓语的动,作同时发生，常用在,pretend,，,seem,，,happen,，,appear,等动词后。例如：,She pretended to be reading when her mother came in.,(3),不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的,动作或状态之前。例如：,I happened to have been to that place before.(,完成式表示说话前已经去过那个地方,),3,其他结构及用法,(1)“,疑问词不定式,”,结构,疑问词,who,，,which,，,when,，,where,，,how,，,what,等不定式，构成特殊的不定式短语，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语等。例如：,When to have the picnic has not been decided yet.(,作主语,),I have no idea of how to do it.(,作宾语,),The problem is how to raise so much money.(,作表语,),(2),不定式的复合结构,由,“,for,名词,/,宾格代词动词不定式,”,构成。这里的名词,/,宾格代词用于说明不定式动作的执行者，即不定式的逻辑主语。这种复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语，但不作宾语补足语。例如：,There will be a lot of work for us to do.(,作定语,),It is/was,形容词,of sb.,to do sth.,与,It is/was,形容词,for sb.,to do sth.,两者结构相似，用法不同。试比较：,It was foolish of him to do that.,He was foolish to do that.,Its necessary for him to do that.,To do that is necessary for him.,常用于与,“,of”,结构搭配的形容词表示人的性格特征、行为表现，如,kind,，,brave,，,clever,，,careful,，,careless,，,foolish,，,stupid,，,silly,，,wise,，,honest,，,nice,，,rude,，,right,，,polite,，,wrong,等。,一、单句填空,(,用所给动词的适当形式填空。,),1,With Fathers Day around the corner,，,I have taken,some money ou
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