资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第一讲,一、句子的成分和基本句型,二、句子的种类,三、写作：接受便条,一、句子的成分和基本句型,1,句子的成分,主语,+,谓语,=,主题成分,表语,+,宾语（直接,/,间接宾语）,+,宾语补足语,定语,+,状语,=,次要部分,主语,subject,主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“,是什么,”或“,是谁,”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在,句首,。,We,study in NO.1 Middle School,The classroom,is very clean,Three,were absent,To teach them English,is my job.,It is may job,to teach them English,.,不定式作主语时，,常用形式主语,it,句型,谓语,predicate,说明主语“,做什么,”、“,是什么,”或“,怎么样,”，谓语,(,谓语部分里主要的词,),必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致，它在主语后面。,His parents,are doctors,She,looks well,We,study,hard,We,have finished,reading the book,He,can speak,English,表语,predicative,表语说明主语“,是什么,”或者“,怎么样,”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置,在系动词后面,。,You look,younger,than before,I am a,teacher,Every body is,here.,They are,at home,now,My job is,to teach them English,感官动词,look,taste,smell,sound,feel,表示状态,become,remain,keep,prove,get,turn,grow,appear,seem,宾语,object,宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起,说明主语做什么,，,在谓语之后,。,She is playing,the piano,now,He often helps,me,He likes,to sleep,in the open air,We enjoy,living,in China,宾语补足语,object complement,“,宾语,+,宾语补足语”,=,复合宾语,If you let me go,Ill make you,king,.,Leave the door,open,.,We found Li Ming,out,when we arrived.,Make yourself,at home,.,I saw a stranger,enter,the building.,The boss kept them,working,all day.,Yesterday he got his leg,broken,.,状语,adverbial,状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为发生的,时间、地点、目的、方式程度,等意义，一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。,He did it,carefully,Without his help,，,we couldnt work it out,(In order)to catch up with my classmates,，,I must study hard,定语,attributive,定语用来,修饰名词或代词,，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语，不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。,The,black,bike,is mine,What is,your,name,?,They made,paper,flowers,.,The,boys,in the room,are in Class Three Grade One.,I have,something,to do,.,种类,句型,主语,S,谓语部分,谓语动词,V,表语,P,宾语,O,宾语,补足语,OC,第,1,种,S+V,We,work.(,不及物,),第,2,种,S+V+O,He,plays(,及物,),the piano,第,3,种,S+V+P,We,are(,系动词,),Students.,第,4,种,S+V+IO,（间接宾语）,+DO,（直接宾语）,She,gave(,及物,),me a pen.,第,5,种,S+V+O+OC,He,made(,及物,),the boy,laugh,2,五种基本句型,句子成分的表示法,S:Subject,（主语）,OC:Object Complement,（宾语补足语，简称宾补）,V:Verb,（动词）,IO:Indirect Object,（间接宾语，简称间宾）,O:Object,（宾语）,DO:Direct Object,（直接宾语，简称直宾）,P:Predicative,（表语）,第,1,种句型,S+V,主语谓语（不及物动词）,He,runs,in the park,.,Class,begins,.,We begin our class at 8.,vi:,必背,p.6,sleep go laugh walk come stay swim work arrive happen/take place,第,2,种句型,S+V+O,主语谓语（及物动词）,+,宾语,My father,read,the book,.,She likes,English,.,I know,him,very well.,They want,to go,.,He stopped,writing,.,You must,listen,to me,.,有些不及物动词后面加上介词,就可把它看成一个及物动词,第,3,种句型,S+V+P,主语,+,系动词,+,表语,He,became,a scientist,.,They,are,honest,.,他们现在在家。,They are,at home,now.,我的工作是教他们英语。,My job is,to teach them English,.,keep,look smell sound taste feel,grow get go turn,第,4,种句型,S+V+IO+DO,主语谓语（及物动词）间接宾语直接宾语,直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象,间接宾语表示动作是对谁做的，或是为谁做的,双宾语,:,直接宾语,(,表示动作结果,),和间接宾语,(,动作目标,),He,gave,Tom,a present,.,Give,it,to,me,.,必背：,p.7,间接宾语在后面时,其前必须加,to(“,给”,),或,for(,给、“替”、“为”,),直接宾语和间接宾语的使用,间,+,直当直接宾语是人称代词时，为了强调间接宾语，直,+,间,我把它递给我妈妈。,I passed,it,to my,mother,.,她把它们扔给我。,She threw,them,to,me,.,我为他找到多余的书,/,票。,I found,spare books/tickets,for,him,.,I send him it,“疑问词,+,不定式”,作直接宾语,他教我如何读这个单词。,He taught me,how to read the word,.,我告诉他做什么。,I told him,what to do,.,他问我为什么唱这支歌。,He asked me,why to sing this song,.,她问我走哪条路。,She asked me,which,way to go,.,第,5,种句型,S+V+O+OC,主语谓语（及物动词）宾语宾语补足语,call,，,name,，,make,，,think,，,and,，,leave,他们使她幸福。,They,made,her,happy,.,我们叫她康妮。,We,call,her,Connie,.,我觉得这部电影很有意思。,I,found,the movie interesting,他让这个窗户开着。,He,left,the window open,我看见她跳舞了。,I,saw,her,dance,.,watch,，,1ook at,，,listen to,，,hear feel,，,let,，,make,宾补由不定式担当，省去,to,。但变为被动语态时，,+to,She was seen to dance,第,4,种句型和第,5,种句型（双宾语和复合宾语）的比较,第,4,种句型变为被动语态，有两种情况：,We sent them a telegram,.,They were sent a telegram.,A telegram was sent to them.,第,5,种句型变为被动语态时，只有一种句式。,I will make you king,.,You will be made king,.,He gave,me,a,book,.,He calls,me,Tom,.,宾语,+,宾语补足语可以形成逻辑上的主谓关系，即“我是汤姆；,间接宾语和直接宾语不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即不能想像为“我是一本书”。,1,用所给的单词组成句子,1.to,the,box,I,want,take,to,room,heavy,the,I want to take the heavy box to the room.,2.look,things,the,after,boys,their,must,The boys must look after their things.,3.here,all,are,you,You are all here.,4.today,who,duty,is,on,Who is on duty today?,5.Miss,them,3 years ago,Wang,taught,Japanese,Miss Wang taught them Japanese 3 years ago.,6.is,rice,bag,in,there,much,the,There is much rice in the bag.,2,根据中文提示，完成下列句子,1.Have you ever been to,(,最远的小岛,)?,2.We must,(,保持清洁,)our classroom.,3.They,and,(,每两小时，必须坐下休息,)two hours.,4.After work he always,(,感到有点儿累,).,5.There is,(,有点儿毛病,)with Lindas cats eyes.,6.I can see,(,没有异常之物,)in the tree.,7.Mr.Fang is,(,去,访问,)his aunt.,the farthest island,keep clean,have to sit down,rest every,feels a little tired,something wrong,nothing unusual,on a visit to,二、句子的种类,陈述句,This is a dog.,这是一只狗。,疑问句,Is this a dog?,这是一只狗吗？,感叹句,What a beautiful dog this is,！,这是只多么漂亮的狗！,祈使句,Open your eyes!,睁开眼睛！,简单句,I am studying.,我在读书。,并列句,I was born in a small village,and,I lived there for ten years.,我出生在一个小村
展开阅读全文