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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,名词性从句,1.Related Conception(,相关概念,),1.,名词,:,表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。,2.,名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分,?,名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。,The boy is Li Ming.,主语,表语,Mr.Liang,a 24-year-old boy,teaches us English.,主语,同位语,宾语,在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫名词性从句。,2.,名词性从句概念，种类及辨别,名词性从句,主语从句,谓语动词前,宾语从句,谓语动词后或介词之后,表语从句,系动词之后,同位语从句,抽象名词之后，解释名词内容,请判断出下列的句子属于哪种从句,What I want to do,is taking a bath.,The news,that they won the game,spread the whole school.,I dont think,that he is an honest boy,.,The fact is,that he stole the car,.,Do you know the fact,that he stole the car,?,Do you know the man,who is standing over there?,It is said,that they won the game,.,(,主从,),(,同位语从句,),(,宾从,),(,表从,),(,同位语从句,),(,定从,),(,主从,),3.,名词性从句引导词,引导名词性从句的,连接词,可分为三类：,连接词：,that,whether,if,as if/as though,(,不充当从句的任何成分）,连接代词,:,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever,what,whatever,等。,连接副词：,when,whenever,where,wherever,how,however,why,以及,how,构成的短语等,（,how many/much/long/often,等）,正确选用引导词方法总结：,1.I dont know_ he has finished the job.,2.I dont know_ you are.,3.I dont know_ you like.,4.I dont know _you are right.,5.I dont know_book this is.,6.I dont know_you will go there.,7.I dont know_you will go.,8.I dont know_you will go there.,9.I dont know_you will go there.,10.I dont know_students you have.,11.I dont know_the ruler is.,that,who,what,how many,how,why,where,when,whose,whether,how long,正确选用引导词方法总结：,1.,从句中缺,主语，宾语，表语或定语，选关系代词。,2.,从句中缺状语选关系副词。,3.that,无意义，不充当成分,4.whether/if,不充当成分，但有意义,表“,是否,”,whether,和,if,的区分,.,1.,两词都能引导宾语从句,.,但介词后跟的宾语从句只能用,whether.,宾语从句置于句首时用,whether,不用,if.,eg,:I wonder if/whether you can examine him now.,eg,:Everything depends on whether we have enough money.,eg,:Whether it is true or not,I cant say.,2.Whether,可引导主语从句,.,表语从句,.,同位语从句,.,接不定式,或接,or not,等,(if,不能,),eg,:,Whether he will come or not,is unknown.,eg,:The question is,whether it is worth doing,.,eg,:I have no idea,whether he is here,.,eg,:I dont know whether he will do it,or not,.,eg,:She hasnt decided whether,to go,or not.,4.,主语从句,在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。,That he will come here on Wednesday is certain.,注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，也要加上从属连词,that,，不能省略。,Whether he will come here on Wednesday is not certain.,注意：主语从句表示“是否”只用“,whether”,而不用“,if”,主语从句,主语从句有时用“,it”,作形式主语，把真正的主语放在后面，以避免头重脚轻。,It is known to us that he is a promising boy.,大家知道他是一个很有前途的孩子。,It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.,我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。,用,it,作形式主语的结构,(1),It is,名词 从句,It is a fact that,事实是,It is an honor that ,非常荣幸,It is common knowledge that ,是常识,(2),It is,形容词 从句,It is natural that,很自然,It is strange that,奇怪的是,(3),It is,不及物动词 从句,It seems that,似乎,It happened that,碰巧,It appears that,似乎,(4),It,过去分词 从句,It is reported that,据报道,It has been proved that,已证实,It is said that,据说,It,is important(necessary,right,strange,natural.)that.,该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，,that,后的从句中要用虚拟语气（,should+,动词原形），,should,可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。,It is important that we(should)learn English well.It is necessary that he(should)remember these words.,5.,表语从句,在句中充当表语的从句,(,即放在系动词后面,),叫做表语从句。,Our purpose is that he can realize his fault.,注意：引导表语从句的连接词,that,一般不省略。,The question is whether it is worth doing.,注意：表语从句表示“是否”只用“,whether”,而不用“,if”,试区分以下句子,Is this museum what you visited?,Is this the museum that you visited?,Is this museum the one that you visited?,(,表从,),(,定从,),(,定从,),1.the reason is that,2.It/This/That is because,3.It/This/That is why,表语从句中的三个句型,The reason was that he fell ill.,That was because he fell ill.,That was why he fell ill.,原因是他病倒了。,这是因为他病倒了。,这就是他病倒的原因。,原因是,这是因为,这就是,的原因,because/why,He got up late and that was _ he was punished.,he was punished and that was_,he got up late.,because,why,结果,原因,6.,宾语从句,在句中充当及物动词或介词宾语的句子叫做宾语从句。,I dont know,（,that,）,you will come here.,注意：,that,在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常常被省去。,I know(that)you have studied English,and that you have written an English poem.,注意：如果有两个或两个以上,that,引导的宾语从句，除了第一个可以省去，其他的都不能省去。,宾语从句中用,it,作形式宾语,We think,it,our duty,that we should help others.,I find,it,impossible,that he should finish the work in two days.,注意：如果主句中有形容词或名词作宾语补足语时，一般用,it,来作形式宾语，把从句放在宾补后面。,6123,结构,6,指主句中常用的动词：,think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,；,1,指的是形式宾语,it,；,2,指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；,3,指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或,that,引导的宾语从句。,We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.,He felt it important learning English well.,They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.,I hate/dislike it when,我讨厌,I like it when,我喜欢,I would appreciate it if.,我将非常感激,.,depend on it that.,相信,take it for granted that,认为,是理所当然的,宾语从句中用,it,作形式宾语的常用结构,：,I hate it when people smoke in public.,I would appreate it if you can help me.,7.,同位语从句,在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如,idea,news,fact,promise,suggestion,belief,truth,等含有抽象意义的词语后面，,用来说明前面那个词的具体内容,。一般说来，同位语从句常用,that,来作连接词，而且不能省略,。也可用其他的连接词。,He gave her a promise,that he would come back after two months.,The fact,that he has not been seen,recently,disturbs everyone in his office.,eg:,The question who,should do the job requires,consideration.,I have no idea how,
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