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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,关于提高初中生英语写作能力的研究,实施第二阶段,主谓一致,教学设计,教案编写：张印平授课人：张印平,一、概念,在英语表达中，谓语动词的数必须与主语的人称和数取得一致，这就叫做主谓一致。,主要体现在,be,动词，助动词,do,have,以及一般现在时态中的动词形式。谓语动词与主语保持一致的基本原则：,语法一致，就近一致,和,意义一致。,名词或代词做主语有,人称和单，复数之分,，动词的单数就是第三人称单数形式，而动词的复数形式,动词的原形。,例句：,1.I am a student,and he is a doctor.,2.She likes playing basketball.,3.The family are going to Shanghai tomorrow.,4.There is a desk in the room,but there are no chairs in it.,（一）语法一致：,1.,由,and,连接的两个名词或代词做主语：,（,1,）这部分主语表示的是两个人或两件,不同,的事物，谓语动词用复数形式。,例句：,My brother and I,have both seen that film.,Both rice and wheat,are grown in my hometown.,The poet and the novelist,were both from America.,（,2,）这部分主语表示,具有两个身份或性质的同一个人或一个完整的事物，,谓语动词用单数形式。,例句：,The professor and writer,is speaking at the meeting.,One more knife and fork,is needed.,Bread and butter,is our daily food.,Fish and chips,is a popular fast food.,（,3,）这部分主语前面有,each,every,many a,no,等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,例句：,Each doctor and,（,each,）,nurse,was given a new shirt.,No sound and no voice,is heard.,Many a boy and girl,has made the same mistake.,Every minute and every second,is precious.,2.,动名词，不定式，主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,例句：,Reading is a great pleasure in life.,To live means to create.,That we need more time is obvious,（显而易见的）,.,What is needed is food and medicine.,3.,表示时间，金钱，距离，重量的复数名词表示数量做主语时，被视为一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。,例句：,Three thousand miles is a long distance.,Eighty dollars is enough.,4.,不定代词,anyone,anything,everyone,everything,someone,something,no one,nothing,each,，,the other,等做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,例句：,Is everyone here today?,Someone wants to see you.,（二）就近原则,由连词,or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,连接的两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词和离它最近的哪个名词或代词的人称和数一致。,例句：,1,.Either,you,or,she,is wrong.,2.,Not only,you,but also,he,likes going fishing,3.,Neither,Ann,nor,they,have been to the farm.,4.,George,or,Tom,is wanted.,注意：,There be,句型中,be,的形式由它后面的第一个名词的数决定。,例句：,1.There are,two pens,a lamp and some books on the desk.,2.There is,a lamp,two pens and some on the desk.,3.Here are,some envelopes,and paper for you.,名词后面带有,with,along with,together with,besides,except,but,like,including,as well as,rather than,短语共同做主语时，谓语动词与这些短语前面的那个名词的数一致。,例句：,1.,All but one,are,here now.,2.,A library with five thousand books,is,offered to that nation as a gift.,3.,A boy together with some girls,was,late this morning.,4.,You as well as I,are,right.,（三）,意义一致,1.,代词,none,neither,all,的不可数形式还是复数形式由它们指的内容决定,.,例句：,（,1,）,All hope has gone.,（,2,）,All are agreed on this point.,（,3,）,Is there any milk in the fridge?No,there is none.,2.,集合名词,group,class,family,army,enemy,team,等名词的单，复数形式根据它们强调的内容而定。例句：（,1,）,The class were all excited.,（,2,）,The team were talking about some new plays.,（,3,）,The group are reading the newspapers.,（,4,）,The army is going to remain in this town.,3.,限定词短语,all of;none of;a lot of;,以及分数,/,百分数,+of.,修饰名词构成的名词短语做主语时，谓语动词的形式由,of,后面的名词形式决定。,例句：,（,1,）,None of these suggestions are very helpful.,（,2,）,I dont think any of us wants to work tomorrow.,（,3,）,Two-fifths of the students in the class are from Egland.,See you!,
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