8D培训讲义6

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,#,德昌电子,TAK CHEONG,2024年10月3日,8D,TEAM ORIENTED,PROBLEM SOLVING,8D,团队导向解决问题方法,1,Identifyanddescribe8Dprocesssteps,识别和,描,描述8D方法的,步,步骤,Define 8D terminology,解释8D术语,Identifywhentousethe 8D process,认识何,时,时使用8D方法,Practicewriting8Dreport,练习写8D报告,Identifyand usetoolsthat supportthe 8D process,识别和,使,使用支,持,持8D的工具,OBJECTIVES,目标,2,Fords,4 QualityStrategy,福特的4个质量,策,策略,Quality Strategy,质量策,略,略,1.Quality Planning,质量计划,-Identify Process,识别流程,-Identify Product/Services,识别产品服务,2.Process Control,流程控制,4.Problem Solving,问题解决,3.Process Improvement,流程改进,Fords,4 Quality Strategy,福特的,4,个质量策略,3,D0Becomeawareofthe problem,了解问,题,题,D1Team Formation,成立小,组,组,D2Describeproblem,描述问,题,题,D3Interim containment action,临时控,制,制措施,D4Root cause analysis,根本原,因,因的分,析,析,8DOVERVIEW,8D总括,4,D5Choose,&,&verifypermanentsolution,选择并,校,校验永,久,久性解,决,决方案,D6Implementthe correctiveaction,执行纠,正,正措施,D7Prevent recurrence,预防问,题,题再发,生,生,D8Congratulatethe team,庆祝,8DOVERVIEW,8D总括,5,EXAMPLES举例,D0Headache头痛,D1See,/,/visitdoctor看医生,D2Describethesymptoms诉症状,D3Ease thepain(give painkiller)暂缓疼,痛,痛,D4Diagnosis诊断,D5ChooseTreatment(Medication,Operation,etc),选择治,疗,疗方法,（,（用药,，,，手术,等,等）,D6TreatmentGiven进行治,疗,疗,D7Prevent Headache预防头,痛,痛,D8Paybill结账,6,Problem withcauseunknown不知道,问,问题发,生,生的原,因,因,Use5 WhyAnalysis使用5个为什,么,么分析,Whenyou dont knowwhy,problem exists.,当你不,知,知道为,什,什么时,，,，问题,继,继续存,在,在,Whenthereisnodataandfactsfor certaindefects,problemwith cause unknownexists.,当没有,资,资料和,事,事实去,确,确定缺,陷,陷时，,未,未知原,因,因的问,题,题继续,存,存在,8DApplicationCriteria,8D运用标,准,准,7,8DApplicationCriteria,8D运用标,准,准,2.Need talentsofteamtocure,notmaskproblem,必须用,团,团队的,力,力量去,解,解决问,题,题，而,不,不是掩,饰,饰问题,3.Justifiesateam approach,证明团,队,队方法,是,是正确,的,的,8,Time时期:Past过去Present现在Future未来,D2/D4D0/D1/D3/D5D6/D7,Question问题:,Whichdirectionare yougoingtowards?,哪一种,趋,趋势是,接,接近你,们,们的？,ProblemSolving,解决问,题,题,DecisionMarking,标记结,果,果,Planning,计划,Situationcontrols,Organization,情景控,制,制组织,Organization,Controlssituation,组织控,制,制情景,9,D0:AWAREOFTHEPROBLEM,D0:意识到,问,问题,Doyouknowwhythatdefectoccur,?,?,你们知,道,道缺陷,为,为什么,会,会发生,吗,吗？,2.Doyou needtocuretheproblem?,你们需,要,要解决,问,问题吗,？,？,3.Doyou needateam?,你们需,要,要一个,团,团队吗,？,？,10,Form theteam(5 7members,),)成立小,组,组（57位成员,）,）,Champion支持者,Leader组长,Team Members成员,Recorder记录员,Facilitator推进者,D1:TEAMFORMATION,D1:成立小,组,组,11,D1：TEAMFORMATION,D1：成立,小,小组,AgreeonTeam小组达,成,成协议:,Workgroupguidelines工作组,指,指导方,针,针,Structure结构,Goals目标,Roles任务,Procedures程序,12,Work Group Guidelines工作组,指,指导方,针,针,Agreementonthe taskand objective同意分,配,配的任,务,务及目,标,标,Check on timing检查时,间,间,Keepworkvisible保存工,作,作记录,Usesupporting information frommanual使用指,南,南中的,支,支持信,息,息,Define roles rotate定义角,色,色转换,Needany help需要帮,助,助,D1：TEAMFORMATION,D1：成立,小,小组,13,Benefits作用:,Multipleinputs of individuals experience,个人经,验,验的多,方,方面体,现,现,Moreideasandpossiblesolutions,更多的,意,意见及,可,可能性,解,解决方,案,案,Abletowork on severalareasatone time,.,.,能够同,时,时工作,于,于几个,工,工作区,域,域,D1：TEAMFORMATION,D1：成立,小,小组,14,D1：TEAMFORMATION,D1：成立,小,小组,Whydoesteam fail,?,?为什么,小,小组会,失,失败呢,？,？,No directionorplanning没有指,导,导或计,划,划,Boggeddown to committee委员会,日,日趋瘫,痪,痪,Norightmember in theteam,小组里,没,没有合,适,适的成,员,员,Politics政治问,题,题,15,D1：TEAMFORMATION,D1：成立,小,小组,Majorinhibitors forteam problemsolving:,团队解,决,决问题,的,的最主,要,要障碍,Problemincorrectlydescribed问题的,错,错误描,述,述,Problemsolving effortpushed解决问,题,题的干,劲,劲或努,力,力不足,Poorteam participation团队参,与,与性差,Lackoftechnicalskills缺乏技,能,能,Potential cause misidentifiedasthe rootcause,把潜在,的,的原因,错,错识别,成,成根本,原,原因,Permanent correctiveactionsnotimplemented,永久性,纠,纠正措,施,施没有,被,被执行,。,。,16,D2:DESCRIBE THEPROBLEM,D2：描述,问,问题,Data gathering.,收集资,料,料,Separatedown to onespecificproblem by askingwhy,.,.,通过寻,求,求原因,分,分开每,一,一特殊,问,问题,Develop problemstatement(OperationalDefinition),逐步描,述,述问题,（,（操作,型,型定义,）,）,17,D2:DESCRIBE THEPROBLEM,D2：描述,问,问题,Definition of aproblem问题的,定,定义,A deviationexistsbetweenactualand deviation,存在于,实,实际与,非,非实际,之,之间的,偏,偏差,OperationalDefinition操作型,定,定义,Whatswrongwithwhat?,(,(Object anddefect),什么事,情,情出现,什,什么问,题,题？（,对,对象和,缺,缺陷）,Or或者,What am Ihaving troublewithandwhatisthetrouble？,我有什,么,么问题,，,，并且,问,问题是,什,什么？,18,IsandIsNot Table是否工,作,作台:,BasedonLaws of Physics基于物,理,理性质,规,规律,Identify标识What(Defect,/,/Object)什么（,缺,缺陷,对,对象）,Space场所Where哪里,Time时间When什么时,候,候,Mass规模HowBig多大,What elsewouldyou expecttosee,hear,feel,smell,observe butdonotobserve?,你期望,看,看到、,听,听到、,感,感觉到,、,、闻到,或,或观测,到,到其它,的,的什么,情,情况，,但,但不要,用,用观测,？,？,D2:DESCRIBE THEPROBLEM,D2：描述,问,问题,19,IsandIsNot Table是否工,作,作台:,Do做,Supportwith facts anddata支持事,实,实和数,据,据,Use teamapproach利用团,队,队力量,Ask question forclarification为弄明,白,白问题,而,而多提,问,问题,Don,t不做,Assumption假设,Hideinformation隐瞒资,料,料,Defensive狡辩,Makejudgment,/,/jumptoconclusion判断并,立,立即下,结,结论,D2:DESCRIBE THEPROBLEM,D2：描述,问,问题,20,D2:DESCRIBE THEPROBLEM,D2：描述,问,问题,Principles of D2,D2原则,Aproblem welldefine is solvedfaster,问题将,被,被定义,为,为需更,快,快解决,的,的。,Dataused mustbefactualspecificandrelevant,使用的,资,资料必,须,须是实,际,际的细,节,节或与,事,事实有,关,关的。,Throughrepetition of thewhyquestion,thesituationisreducedtoa specific problem,.,.,对于一,个,个特殊,的,的问题,，,，通过,循,循环使,用,用“为,什,什么”分析后,它的情,节,节应