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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,虚拟语气,revision,1.Miss Jiang explained the homework to the class yesterday.If Alfred(pay)_more attention at the time,he(not miss)_ her instructions.,2.Im sorry,I dont have a compass.Of course I(lend)_it to you if I(have)_one.,3.Len doesnt think he will ever win a poetry competition.If,by chance,he(win)_,he(spend)_the prize money on a computer.,4.Luckily,Janet is good at writing in English.If she(not write)_well,she(spend)_more time practicing.,5.If I(be)_ you,I(take it easy)_and go home early.,6.Sue missed the party last night.Im sure that if she(be)_ there,she(meet)_,some really interesting people.,had paid,would not have missed,would lend,had,won,would spend,didnt write,would spend,were,would take it easy,had been,would have met,一：虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。,条件从句,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,过（,were,）,过去完成时,1.,过去时,2.should+V.,3.were to do,Would/could/should/might+V.,（原）,Would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,would/could/,should/might+V.,（原）,1.,如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。,If I,had,one million dollars,I,would,buy the plane.,虚拟条件句,If I,had married,her,I,would have been,unhappy.,2.,要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。,If he,came,here tomorrow,I,would tell,him about it.,3.,如果他明天来的话,我会告诉他这件事,.,条件状语的倒装：,如果条件状语中有,were,had,should,时,可以倒装成：,Were/Should/Had,+,主,+,其他,Were I you,I would try it again.,Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.,Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.,If I were you,I would try it again.,If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.,If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.,如果我是你，我就听从他的建议了。,If I _you,I _his advice.,从句表示现在，主句表示过去,如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。,从句表示过去，主句表示现在,If you _to me,you _ in such trouble now.,were,would have taken,had listened,might not be,混合条件句,名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词,We all suggest that he _his,homework first.,(finish),Its requested that all the students _,_school uniforms at school.,(wear),My suggestion is that you _ home,first before coming here,.(go,),注意,:,当,suggest,表示“暗示”,;insist,表示“坚持认为”时不用虚拟！,His accent suggests he _from Hunan,.,I insisted that he _wrong,(should)finish,(should),wear,(should)go,comes,was,wish,引导的虚拟句,I,wish,I,remembered,the address.,我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）,I,wish,he,had not left,.,要是他没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）,I,wish,it,would rain,tomorrow.,要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人已预料明天不会下雨）,wish+that clause,did/were,had done,would/might/could do,wish,后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,虚拟语气特殊句型：,1.,would rather that,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,过去完成时,过去时,I would rather you_(pay)me now.,我宁愿你现在把钱还给我,.,I would rather you_,too.,我宁愿你当时也去了,.,Dont come.I would rather you _,tomorrow.,我宁愿你明天来,.,paid,had gone,came,2.as if/though+Clause,现在：,过去：,将来,:,过去时,过去完成时,She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son,她爱这个婴儿,好象他是她的儿子一样,.,He speaks as if he,had been to,the United States.,他说得好象他去过美国一样,.,would+,动词原形,(1),对现在的虚拟,谓语动词用过去时,(,系动词用,were),意指主从句谓语表示的动词同时发生,.,例如,:,他看起来好象病了,.,He looks as if he,were,ill.,他感到他应该独自对发生的 事情承担责任,.,He felt as if he alone,were,responsible for what had happened.,(2),对过去的虚拟谓语动词使用,had+,过去分词,意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之前,.,例如,:,她英语说的很好就象是在英国学习的一样,.,She speak English well as if she,had studied,English in England.,我记得整件事情就象是昨天发生的一样,.,I remember the whole thing as if it,had happened,yesterday.,(3),对未来的虚拟谓语动词使用,would+,动词原形,意指从句谓语动词发生在主句谓语动词之后,.,例如,:,史密斯太太哭得心都快碎了,.,Mrs.Smith cried as if her heart,would break,.,When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it,looks as if it _.,A.breaks B.has broken,C.were broken D.had been broken,The actor is 58 years old.But he acts as if he _ a young man.,A.is B.will be C.am D.were,The clouds are getting darker and darker.It looks as if it _rain.,A.is going to B.will,C.was going to D.would,注意：,如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,It looks as if you,are,tired.,4.without,和,but for,构成虚拟。,but for,要不是,Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.,But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.,Without your help,I would have failed.,But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.,5.If only,(1),要是就好了,=I wish,If only I,knew,his name!,If only we,had followed,your advice!,If only I,could see,him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents,could live with,us!,If only I,hadnt missed,the train!,(2)=,as long as,常用陈述语气,.,如果我们紧密团结就一定能战胜一切困难,.,We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we_(be)closely united.,are,6.,Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause,从句中的动词要用虚拟，,即（,should,）,+,动词原形,It is important that we,(should)master,a foreign language.,掌握一门外语很重要,7.otherwise,和,supposing,也可以引导虚拟语气。例如：,The storm stopped,otherwise the sailors _into the sea.,暴风雨停了,否则那些士兵就会掉进海里,Suppose(supposing)your friends,knew,how you are behaving here,what,would,they think?,要是你的朋友知道你在这里的表现,他们会怎么想呢,?,would have fallen,9.,用“,may+,动词原形”表示祝愿，但愿，此时,may,须置于句首,May good luck,be,yours!,祝你好运！,祝你快乐！,May you,be,happy!,含蓄条件句,非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做,含蓄条件句,。,.,条件暗含在短语中,。如：,W hat would I have done without you?,(,条件暗含在分词短语,without you,中,),It would be easier to do it this way.,(,条件暗含在不定式短语,to do it this way,中,),This same thing,happening in wartime,would lead to a disaster
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