虚拟语气归类记忆

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Subjunctive mood,一 定义,二 分类记忆,1,固定模式，不分时间的,2,条件状语从句中，主句与从句中通过谓语动词的变化，体现虚拟,3,与从句变化相似的其它从句,4,与主句变化相似的其它从句,1.,英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和,虚拟语气,.,2.,定义：用来表示说的话,不是事实,，,或者是,不可能发生,或,可能性比较小,的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,一、虚拟语气定义,二 分类记忆,1,固定模式，不需区分时间的,可看作是个固定句型来学习，注意,should,的有无，是记忆重点,1)Its high time+that-,should+V.,过去时,2,）,Its necessary/strange/natural/important a pity+that-,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即,(should)+,动词原形,3,）,表示要求，建议，命令等名词性从句中，从句用,(should)+,动词原形,(I drop cars.),i,nsist,d,emand,r,equest,r,equire,r,ecommend,o,rder,p,ropose,c,ommand,a,dvise,s,uggest,1).Its high time+that-,should+V.,过去时,你该走了。,我们该睡觉了。,Its high time that you,went.,Its high time that you,should go.,Its time that we,went to bed.,Its time that we,should go,to,bed.,2,）,Its necessary/strange/natural/important a pity+that-,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即,(should)+,动词原形,1.It is,important,that we,(should)master,a foreign language.,2.It is,strange,that she,refuse to come to the party.,3.Its,necessary,that we should study hard.,3,）,名词性从句的虚拟语气。,主要是表示命令、要求、建议的虚拟语气。,宾语从句。常见动词：,一个坚持：,insist,两个命令：,order,command,三个建议：,advise,suggest,propose,五个要求：,demand,require,request,desire,ask,这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词 使用,should+,动词原形，或者将,should,省略。,2,、,以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。,order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desire,Its,suggested,that the plan,be carried,out.,My,demand,is that she,should come,to see me once a week.,All of us are for the,advice,that the chemical factory,should be closed down,.,二 分类记忆,2 If,引导的条件状语从句中。主句与从句分别通过不同的谓语动词变化形式，体现虚拟。简单说，从句通过时态的反常变化，,(,即用过去时表示现在,/,将来，用过去完成时表过去）；主句通过情态动词的过去式,+do,表现在，情态动词的过去式,+have done,表过去。,学习难点重点：,1,从句与主句不同的体现方式，极易混淆；,2,注意区分时间,1,、一般条件句中的虚拟语气,时 间,If,条件句,主 句,过去,had done,would,should +have done,sth,could,might,现在,助动词,be,用,were,实义动词,do,用,did,would,should +do,sth,could,might,将来,did/were,should do,were to do,would,should +do,sth,could,Might,二 分类记忆,3,虚拟语气的体现方法与从句变化相似的几种特殊结构,：,1,）,wish,+,宾语从句,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,(did/were),过去完成时,(had done),would/could/might+V.,should,2）would rather that-,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3,）,as if/though+,从句,现在：,过去：,过去时,过去完成时,4,）,If only,(,要是,就好了,),现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,If only,1,）,wish,+,宾语从句,现在：,过去：,未来：,过去时,(did/were),过去完成时,(had done),would/could/might+V.,should,I wish I were a bird.(,现在,),I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.(,过去,),We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,(,未来,),2）would rather that-,现在：,过去：,未来：,I would rather you paid me now.(,现在,),I would rather you had gone,too.(,过去,),Dont come.I would rather you came tomorrow.(,未来,),过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3,）,as if/though+,从句,现在：,过去：,过去时,过去完成时,He looks as if he,were,drunk.,They talked as if they,had been,friends for years,.,She loves the baby as if it,were,her own son.,It seems as if it,were,spring.,I remember the whole thing as if it,had happened,yesterday.,4,）,If only,(,要是,就好了,),If only I,knew,his name!,If only we,had followed,your advice!,If only I,could see,him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。,要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parents could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,二 分类记忆,4,虚拟语气的体现方法与,主,句变化相似的特殊结构,-,含蓄条件句,：,1,）含蓄条件句,用,without,but for,（要不是）,suppose otherwiseor,等,构成虚拟,代替,if,虚拟条件状语从句,Without sunlight,peoples life,would be different,from today.,But for your help,I,wouldnt have finished,the work.,But for water,it,would be impossible,to live in the desert.,三、虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.,假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。,If the weather,had been,finer,the crops,would be,growing still better.,If you,had followed,the teachers advice,you,wouldnt be,in the hospital.,三、虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,2.,省,if,倒装,Su,mm,ary,一,.should+,动词原形,A.suggest,等引导的名词性从句,B.It is+adj./n.+that,从句,二,.,从句用过去时,Its,（,high/about)time that,sb,did,sth,三,.,根据所表示的事实的 时间来判断,A.would rather,从句,B.I wish/if only,C.as if,从句,D.if,条件句,四,.,其它,情态动词,+have done,2.,动词原形包括主,/,被动式,did,sth,(,与现在,将来的事实相反,）,had done,sth,（,与过去的事实相反）,2.,did/were,现在,had done,过去,would/could/should+do,（,与将来的事实相反）,3.,省,if,倒装,/,错综条件句,/,用,but for,等词替代,1.,注意,suggest/insist,的词义,1.,The volleyball match will be put off if it _.,A.,will rain,B.rains,C.rained,D.is rained,B,精选习题,2.,You didnt let me drive.If we _ in turn,you _ so tired.,A.drovedidnt get,B.had drivenwouldnt have got,C.drovewouldnt get,D.were drivingwouldnt get,B,3.,If you _ him yesterday,you _ what to do now.,asked would know,had asked would have known,C.asked him know,D.had asked would know,4.,What would have happened,_ as far as the river bank?,A.Bob had walked farther B.if Bob should walk farther,C.had Bob walked farther D.if Bob walked farther,C,D,5.,How I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!(02,上海,)A.hasB.hadC.will haveD.had had,6.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.(95 N),A.breaksB.has broken,C.were broken D.had been broken,B,C,.,7 -Do you mind if I leave the window open?,-Well,Id rather you _.,A.dont B.didnt,C.wont D.mustnt,8,.Its half past eleven.Its high time _ home.,A.well B.wed,C.were going D.we went,B,D,英语是一门全世界广泛应用的语言。,我们掌握好英语是很有必要的。,我希望英语能学得象母语一样好。,但这看起来似乎是不可能的。,你知道吗？我本来可