间接引语课件.jsp

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Direct and Indirect Speech,直接引语和间接引语,1,直接引语、间接引语的概念,直接引述别人的原话叫直接引语；用说话人自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。,不论直接引语还是间接引语都应有一个动词引述，如：,say,tell,ask,think,write,reply,等。,直接引语一般放在引号中，句首的第一个字母大写。间接引语不用引号，间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。,2,直接引语变间接引语,一、直接引语为陈述句,直接引语为陈述句时，变间接引语时用,that,引导，,that,可以省略。,主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的,said,也可用,told,来代替。,注意,:,可以说,said that,said to sb.that,told sb.that,，不可说,told that,said sb.that,3,He said,“I have been to the Great Wall,.”,He,said that,he had been to the Great Wall.,He,said to us that,he had been to the Great Wall.,He,told us that,he had been to the Great Wall.,4,二、直接引语为一般疑问句,直接引语为一般疑问句的，间接引语要用,if,或,whether,引导,直接引语中的谓语动词,said,要改为,asked(me/him/us,等,),，同时将疑问语序变为陈述语序。,She said:“Do you like music?”,She asked me,if whether,I liked music.,5,三、直接引语为特殊疑问句,直接引语为特殊疑问句的，变间接引语时，要保留原疑问词，主句的谓语动词用,ask(sb.),来表达，同时将疑问语序改为陈述句语序。,He asked me:“When will you leave for shanghai?”,He asked me when I would leave for shanghai.,6,四、直接引语为选择疑问句时,当直接引语为选择疑问句时，变为间接引语,用,whetheror,表达，而,不用,ifor,，也不用,eitheror,He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”,He asked me,whether,I spoke English,or,French.,7,五、直接引语是祈使句时,直接引语是祈使句，变间接引语时用,tell/ask sb.,（,not,）,to do,的形式。,The teacher said,“Boys and girls,sit down,please.”,The teacher told the boys and girls to sit down.,Lily said:“Open the window,Bob.”,Lily asked Bob to open the window.,8,直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化：,人称的变化,时态的变化,指示代词的变化,时间的变化,地点的变化,个别趋向动词的变化,情态动词的变化,9,一、人称的变化,人称代词和物主代词要根据转述人的立场作相应的变动。,She said,：“,Im coming.”,She said that she was coming.,但直接引语中第三人称不变。,“,When will he come?”she asked.,She asked when he would come.,10,二、时态的变化,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去将来时,不变,过去进行时,不变,过去完成时,不变,11,He said:“I have eaten my lunch now.”,He said that he had eaten his lunch then.,Tom said,“I arrived here three days ago.”,Tom said he had arrived there three days before.,12,谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：,1.,直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变,The geography teacher said,“The sun,rises,in the east and,sets,in the west.”,The geography teacher told us that the sun,rises,in the east and,sets,in the west.,13,She says that,shell never forget,the days in the country.,2.,如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变,The children said,“We,love,this game.”,They told us that they,love,that game.,3.,主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。,She says,“,Ill never forget,the days in the country.”,14,4.,当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时,或者有以,when,while,引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，变为间接引语时态不变。,He said:“I was born in 1980.”,He said that he was born in 1980.,间接引语中时态无须改变的还有以下情况,:,5.,当引语是谚语、格言时；,6.,当直接引语中有情态动词,should,could,had better,might,must,ought to,used to,need,，,would,时；,15,三、指示代词、时间状语的变化。,直接引语,间接引语,指示,代词,this,that,these,those,时间,状语,now,then,today,that day,tomorrow,the next day,yesterday,the day before,ago,before,next week,the next week,last night,the night before,16,四、地点状语、趋向动词的变化。,地点,状语,here,there,动词,come,go,bring,take,注意：如果在当地转述，,here,不必改,there,动词不必改,go,如果在当天转述，,yesterday,tomorrow,等时间状语也不必改变。,17,五、情态动词、助动词的变化,直接引语,间接引语,shall,should,will,would,may,might,can,could,should,should,（不变）,might,might,（,不变）,would,would,（不变）,could,could,（,不变）,must,must/had to,18,Exercises:,1.He said,“I m afraid I cant finish this work.”,2.He said,“I havent heard from him since May.”,3.Tom said:“I will see you next week.”,He said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work,.,He said that he,hadnt heard,from him since May.,Tom said that he,would,see me,the,next,week.,19,4.“Why were you late again?”The teacher said to me.,5.“I dont like swimming,”said Sarah.,6.His friends asked him,“Will you go to Dalian?”,7.“Have you been to Paris?”My classmate asked me.,The teacher asked me,why I was,late again,.,Sarah said she,didnt,like swimming,.,My classmate asked me,if I had,been to Paris.,His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian.,20,Homework:,Put the story,How a Colt,Crossed the River,into indirect,speech and retell it.,21,