思考题与习题

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,十一章 思考题与习题,5.,曲线半径,R,=5,00,m,转向角,右,=16,1732,，,若,ZY,点的里程为,K,37,十,785.27,试计算圆曲线要素、各主点的里程及仪器设置在,ZY,点时各曲线点的偏角。,解,1,）计算圆曲线要素：,解,2,）计算,各主点的里程：,已知：,ZY,点的里程为,K,37,十,785.27,检：,ZY,+L=YZ,K,37+785.27+142.18,=,K,37+927.45,里 程,曲线 长,偏角,注 记,不,ZYK37+785.27,0,0000,JD,方向,+800.00,14.73,05038,1,=14.73,180/(2500)=,05038,+820.00,20.00,15924,=20,180/(2500)=1,0845.3,+840.00,20.00,30809,QZK37+856.36,16.36,40423,2,=16.36,180/(2500)=,05614.5,+860.00,3.64,41654,3,=3.64,180/(2500)=,01230.8,+880.00,20.00,52539,+900.00,20.00,63425,+920.00,20.00,74310,YZK37+927.45,7.45,80847,4,=7.45,180/(2500)=,02537,解,3,）计算,各曲线点的偏角：,检核,:,/4=,16,1732/4=,40423 (,QZ,的,偏角,),/2=,16,1732/4=,80846(,YZ,的,偏角,),6.,某曲线之转向角,(,左偏,),=26,43OO,半径,R,=1,000m,缓和,曲线长,l,0,=100m,ZH,点的里程为,K,42+4,0,4.24,，,0,=2,5154,。,（,1,）,当仪器设置在,ZH,点时,试计算里程为,K,42+424.24,点的偏角；,（,2,）当经纬仪置于,HY,点时,试计算并说明检核,QZ,点点位的方法。,1,）,不,ZH,点,计算里程为,K,42+424.24,点的偏角,(,缓曲点,):,解,l,2,=424.24-404.24=20.00m,说明检核,QZ,点点位的方法,：（,左,）,不,HY,点,后视,ZH,点，,配盘为,:,b,0,=,2,0,/3,=,2,0,=,1,5436,倒镜,反拨角度,:,得,QZ,方向,若原测设主点,QZ,不在该方向上,则方向差,0.1m,可认为合格,否则,检查原因,找出问题。,2,）,不,HY,点,计算并说明检核,QZ,点点位的方法,:,解,QZ,的偏角,:,7,、已知某曲线,R,=500m,=13,123,0,(,右偏,),l,0,=40m,，,ZH,点里程为,K,75+384.25,。（,1,）,计算曲线综合要素；,（,2,）计算各主点里程；（,3,）计算当仪器设置在,ZH,点时,ZH,-,HY,点间各点偏角；当仪器设置在,HY,点时,HY,YH,点间各点偏角；当仪器设置在,HZ,点时,HZ,-,YH,点间各点偏角。,ZH,HY,YH,HZ,QZ,JD,7.,示意图,1,）,计算曲线综合要素：,解,A,、,缓和曲线常数计算：,B,、,曲线综合要素：,2,）计算各主点里程：,解,已知：,ZH,点里程为,K,75+384.25,，,则有：,检核：,（核！）,3,）计算各曲线点偏角：,解,里 程,曲线 长,偏角右偏,缓和曲线,圆曲线 注 记,不,ZH75+384.25,0,0,0000,JD,方向,+394.25,10,00252,1,=10,2,180/(6 500 40),=,00251.9,+404.25,10,01128,2,=2,2,1,=,00252,+414.25,10,0,2547,3,=3,2,1,=,01128,HY,+424.25,10,04550“,=,0,4,=4,2,1,=,04550“,=,0,不,HY75+424.25,0,ZH,方向,+440.00,15.75,1,=15.75,180/(2500),=,05408.7”,20,=20,180/(2500),=,10845.3”,2,=1.88,180/(2500),=,00627.8”,3,=18.12,180/(2500),=,05408.7”,4,=19.51,180/(2500),=,10704.2,JD,方向,+460.00,20.00,QZK75+461.88,1.88,(-2)/4,=,+480.00,18.12,YH,+499.51,19.51,(-2)/2,=,YHK75+499.51,10,359,1410,+509.51,10,359,3413,+519.51,10,359,4832,+529.51,10,359,5708,不,HZ75+539.51,0,0,0000,曲线偏角,178,2820,05409,20254,20922,3,1139,4,1844,=360-,0,核,8.,某曲线,已知,R,=1000m,左,=2638O0,l,0,=120m,直缓点（,ZH,）,的里程为,K,28,十,529.47,。,(1),试计算曲线主点的里程，并说明主点测设的方法；,(2),仪器设置在缓圆点,(,HY,),上,求算里程为,K,28+680.00,的曲线点的偏角值,并说明测设该点的方法。,解,(1),计算曲线主点的里程，并说明主点测设的方法,:,图,11-J,2,A,缓和曲线常数,已知,R,=1000m,左,=2638O0,l,0,=120m,B,、,曲线综合要素：,C,、,主点测设的方法：,置镜,JD,：,A,、,后视直线,的,ZD,点，在视线上量取,T=296.83m,得,ZH,点；再量取,(,T-x,0,)=176.87m,得,HY,点在切线上的垂足,1,打桩钉小钉；,B,、,后视直线,的,ZD,点，在视线上量取,TT=296.83m,得,HZ,点；再量取,(,T-x,0,)=176.87m,得,YH,点在切线上的垂足,2,打桩钉小钉；,C,、,后视直线,的,ZD,点，定出,(180-,)/2=76,41,的方向线，量取,E,0,=28.25m,定出,QZ,点，打桩钉小钉。,置镜,1,点（,2,点）：,后视切线方向,精测直角,钢尺丈量,y,0,=2.4m,，,打桩钉小钉，定出,HY,点（或,YH,点）。,D,、,主点里程计算：,已知,ZH,点里程为,K,28,十,529.47,。,检核：,核！,(2),仪器设置在缓圆点,(,HY,),上,求算里程为,K,28+680.00,的曲线点的偏角值,并说明测设该点的方法。,解,已知：缓圆点,(,HY,),里程为,:,K28+649.47,l,0,=120m,计算里程为,K,28+680.00,的曲线点的偏角值,:,20,=20,180/(21000)=,0,3422.6”,K,1,=660-,649.47=10.53m,1,=10.53,180/(21000)=,0,1806”,K,2,=20m,2,=,1,+,20,=,0,5229”,b,0,=2,0,=2,1,0845.3”=2,1730.6”,测设该点的方法,:(,见,示意图,),不,HY,点,后视,ZH,点,配盘,180,+b,0,=,182,1730.6”,转动望远镜,，,当度盘读数为,360,-,1,=359,4154”,，以,HY,为圆心，以,10.53,为半径与视线交，交点即为,1,点,;,转动望远镜,当度盘读数为,360,-,2,=359,0731”,，以,1,为圆心，以,20m,为半径与视线交，交点即为,里程为,K,28+680.00,的曲线点,。,9.,某曲线,转向角,右,=28,4000“,半径,R,=500m,缓和曲线长,l,0,=100m,曲线长,L,=350.16,m,直缓点,(,ZH,),的里程,K,42+414.34,。,求,1),当仪器设置在,HZ,点时,试计算里程为,K,42+714.50,K,42+734.50,两点的偏角；,2),试叙述用偏角法测设,K,42+520.00,点的方法及计算数据。,解,1),不,HZ,点,HZ,点里程,:,ZH+L=,K,42+414.34+350.16=,K,42+764.50,m,K,42+714.50,K,42+734.50,两点为,缓和曲线上的,3,点、,5,点,:,偏角计算见下,:,（角度反拨）,2),用偏角法测设,K,42+520.00,点的方法及计算数据。,解,已知：直缓点,(,ZH,),的里程,K,42+414.34,，,HY,里程：,K,42+414.34+100=,K,42+514.34,而,K,42+520.00,为圆曲线上的点（第,1,个分弦点,）。,不,HY,点：,K,1,=520-514.34=5.66m,测设方法,1,：,不,HY,点,，,后视,ZH,，,右,配盘：,360,-b,0,=360,-2,0,=360,-2,1,5435.5“=356,1049”,倒镜，,正拨,1,=0,1927”,，以,HY,为圆心，以,5.66m,为半径与视线交，交点即为,K,42+520.00,点。,测设方法,2,：,不,HY,点,，后视,ZH,，,配盘：,180,-b,0,=180,-2,0,=360,-2,1,5435.5“=176,1049”,转动望远镜，,当度盘读数为：,1,=0,1927”,，以,HY,为圆心，以,5.66m,为半径与视线交，交点即为,K,42+520.00,点。,图,11-J,2,若,左,时，,方法,2,：,如图,11-J,2,：,配盘：,180,+b,0,=183,4911”,转动望远镜，,当度盘读数为,360,-,1,=359,4033”,，以,HY,为圆心，以,5.66m,为半径与视线交，交点即为,K,42+520.00,点。,10.,曲线半径,R,=500m,缓和曲线长,l,0,=60m,转向角,左,=28,36,20,”,HZ,点的里程为,K,3+246.25,在里程为,K,3+196.25,的曲线点（已测定）上安置仪器,用偏角法测设缓和曲线,(,每隔,1Om,测设一点,),。试计算有关数据,并说明里程为,K,3+216.25,点的测设过程。,计算偏角：,示意图,见后,解,：,分析：,YH,的里程为,K,3+246.25-60.00=,K,3+186.25,；,里程为,K,3+196.25,的曲线点为,HZ,点置镜,缓和曲线上的,5,点。,故：,置镜：,T=5,：,K,3+196.25,；,后视：,B=0,（,HZ,），,1,，,2,，,3,，,4,；,前视：,F=6,（,YH,）,后视偏角：,前视偏角：,其,偏角公式：,0,0000,”,(K,3+246.25),(K3+186.25),不,曲线点号,里 程,偏角计算,偏角测设数据,0(HZ),K3+246.25,0,=,1,(5-0)(0+2,5)=1,54.6,”,50,=135,30,358,24,30,1,+236.25,10,=,1,(5-1)(1+2,5)=1,54.6,”,44,=124,02.4,358,35,58,2,+226.25,2,0,=,1,(5-2)(2+2,5)=1,54.6,”,36,=108,45.6,358,51,14,3,+216.25,3,0,=,1,(5-3)(3+2,5)=1,54.6,”,26,=049,39.6,359,10,20,4,+206.25,4,0,=,1,(5-4)(4+2,5)=1,54.6,”,14,=026,44,359,33,16,5,不,3+196.25,见,图,11-10,6(YH),3+186.25,6,0,=,1,(6-5)(6+2,5)=1,54.6,”,16,=030,33.6,18030,34,后视偏角：,前视偏角：,其,偏角公式：,2,）,说明里程为,K,3+216.25,点的测设