第八章国际货买卖合同概述1yoe

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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,第八章 国际货物买卖合同概述,第一节 国际货物买卖合同的概念,第二节 国际货物买卖合同的内容,第三节 国际货物买卖合同适用的法律,规范及其有效成立的条件,学习要点,与要求,本章小节,思考与练习题,学习要点,与要求,1,.国际货物买卖合同的概念及其内容、成立条件进行说明;,2.国际贸易具体业务中经常会涉及的适用法律问题;,3.通过学习应能够对一份国际货物买卖合同是否生效作出判断,并对实际业务中所适用的各类法律规范有所了解。,学习重点,:合同的内容及成立条件,第一节 国际货物买卖合同的概念,一国际货物买卖合同的概念,国际货物买卖合同,是营业地在不同国家的当事人之间所达成的买卖货物为目的的协议,就一国而言,国际货物买卖合同是该国企业与他国企业订立的有关货物进口或出口的合同,,也称国际货物销售合同。,合同编号Contract NO :,签订地点Signed at :,签订日期Date:,卖方:,The Sellers :,地址: ,Address: ,电话(Tel):,传真(Fax):,电子邮箱(E-mail):,买 方:,The Buyer:,地 址: ,Address: ,电 话(Tel):,传 真(Fax):,电子邮箱(E-mail):,国际货物买卖合同条款示范文本,XXX买卖合同(XXX Sale Contract),买卖双方同意按照下列条款签订本合同:,The Seller and the Buyer agree to conclude this Contract subject to the terms and conditions stated below:,某化工产品进口合同,12007年7月20日中化贸易有限公司与日本TOMEN CO., LTD.签订“三乙烯四胺”贸易合同(日方起草并签署后传真给中方。中方签章后,自留一份,签退日方一份。合同号码:07B2ZJJPML016)。,CONTRACT,No.:,07B2ZJJPML016,Place:,Beijing, China,Date:,July 20, 2007,The Buyer: The Seller: CHINA CHEM TRADE CO., LTD. Adds: BUILDING NO.6, DIST. 8, HEPINGLI BEIJING 100013, CHINATel: +86-10-64686832, 64686833Fax: +86-10-64686833TOMEN CO., LTD.Adds: 8-1, MARUNOUCHI 3-CHOME, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO 100-8623 JAPAN C.O.P. BOX 101, TOKYO 100-8623 JAPANTel:0081-3-6666-3335 Fax:0081-3-6666-9094The Buyer agrees to buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under mentioned goods under the terms and conditions stated below :,1.,Description of Goods, Quantity, Unit Price and Total Value:,Item No.Name & Specifications of CommodityUnitQnty.Unit PriceAmount1.,Triethylene Tetramine(,三乙烯四胺,),COLOR: 50 PT-CO.MAXAPPEARANCE: CLEAR AND FREE OF SUSPENDED MATTERSP.GR(20/20 DEG.C): 0.979-0.984AMINE NUMBER: 1410-1480DISTILIATION 760MM: 5% BP 260C MIN: DP 290C MAXMT16.00(1 FCL,16MTS/20 CNTR)USD3550.00USD56,800.00Total: 56,800.00CIF XINGANG, CHINA*(Packing Charges Included)Total ValueSAY US DOLLAR FIFTY-SIX THOUSAND EIGHT HUNDRED ONLY.(*The price terms are based on INCOTERMS 2000),2.,Packing(seaworthy):,In 200kgs per steel drums, 80 drums 20 FCL,3.,Manufacturer and Country of Origin:,TOSOH CO., JAPAN,4.,Time of Shipment:,Before September 1, 2007,5.,Port of Shipment:,Japanese port,Destination:,Xingang, China,6.,Partial shipment:,Allowed,Transshipment:,Allowed,7.,Insurance:,To be borne by the Seller covering 110% of the total invoiced value.,8.,Shipping Mark:,07B2ZJJPML016,XINGANG, CHINA,9.,Terms of Payment:,By L/C 90 days after B/L date,1/3 of the document be sent to CHINA CHEM TRADE CO., LTD. ADDRESS: BUILDING NO.6, DIST. 8, HEPINGLI BEIJING, CHINA ZIP:100013 TEL: +86-10-64686832, 64686833 FAX: +86-10-64686833,10.,Documents:,1) 2/3 of Clean On Board Bill of Lading made out to order and blank endorsed, marked “Freight Prepaid” notifying applicant.,2) Signed Commercial Invoice in 3 originals and 2 copies indicating L/C No. and Contract No.,3) Packing List/Weight Memo in 3 originals and 2 copies indicating Quantity, Gross and Net Weight for each package.,4) Full set of Insurance Policy (ies) or Certificate(s) in assignable form and endorsed in blank for at least 110% of Invoice Value (CIF).,5) Certificate of Quality in 3 originals and 2 copies issued by the manufacturer.,6) Certificate of Origin in 3 originals and 2 copies issued by Chamber of Commerce.,7) Beneficiarys certified copy of cable/telex/fax dispatched to the Buyer with 48 hours after shipment advising the name of vessel, B/L No., shipment date, quantity, weight, commodity and value of shipment.,8) Declaration of Non-wood Packing materials in 1 original and 1 copy.,9) Beneficiarys certificate certifying that 1/3 set of original B/L with one set of the above other documents has been sent to the Buyer by express mail within 2 working days after the date of shipment.,11.,Shipment:,The Seller shall arrange for the transportation of the goods from the Port of Shipment to the Destination.,12.,Shipping Advice:,The Seller shall, within 2 working days after the date of shipment, advise the Buyer by fax of the Contract Number, Invoice number, B/L number, description of goods, quantity, invoiced value, gross weight, name of vessel and date of shipment.,13.,Inspection:,The Certificate of quality, quantity/weight issued by China Commodity Inspection Bureau (CCIB) shall be taken as the basis of the return of goods or claim, all expenses (including inspection fee) and losses arising form the return of goods or claim should be borne by the Seller.,14.,Force Majeure:,The Seller shall lose no time to advise the Buyer of delay in shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading and express to the Buyer within 14 days with a certificate of the incident issued by local government authorities. In such case, the Seller is still liable to take all possible measures to expedite the shipment. Should the incident last over 10 weeks, the Buyer shall have the right to treat the contract as null and void.,15.,Arbitration:,All disputes in connection with this Contract of the execution thereof shall be settled through friendly negotiation. Should no settlement be reached, the case may then be submitted for arbitration to the Arbitration Committee of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and be subject to the rules and procedures of the said Arbitration Committee. The Arbitration shall take place in Beijing, the Peoples Republic of China. The arbitration result of the Committee shall be final and binding upon both Parties. Neither Party shall seek recourse to a court or other authorities to appeal for revision of the arbitration. The arbitration fee and attorneys charges shall be borne by the losing Party.,16.,Remarks:,This Contract shall be made in original and duplicate, one for each Party, and shall be binding on both Parties under the terms and conditions stipulated herein upon being signed in the presence for witnesses.,中化贸易有限公司,进出口合同专用章,The Buyer,林伟,The Seller,TOMEN CO., LTD.,(,买方加盖合同章生效,) E. TAKATORI,(Be valid subject to being with the Buyers Contract seal) GENERAL MANAGER,二. 订立国际货物买卖合同的法律依据,1.联合国国际货物销售合同公约(以下简称公约(共有四部分五章101条),联合国国际贸易法委员会制定,1988年生效,现有缔约国50多个,中国属缔约国之一,2.各国有关国际贸易的法律,1),中华人民共和国民法通则、1994年公布的中华人民共和国对外贸易法、1999年公布的中华人民共和国合同法。,2),大陆法系国家(成文法)有民法和商法;,3),英美法系(判例法)有英国1979修订的货物贸易法、美国1986年制定的统一贸易法和1952年修订的统一商法典。,3国际货物买卖合同的三个特点:,联合国国际货物销售合同公约规定,国际货物买卖合同有三个特点:, 国际性,,即国际货物买卖合同是营业地处于不同国家的当事人之间订立的货物买卖合同;, 国际货物买卖的,标的物为货物,,有6项标的物(包括公债、股票等有价证券,为供私人、家属或家庭使用而进行的购买以及电力等)被公约排除在“货物”之外;, 国际货物买卖合同的性质是买卖,卖方要将货物的所有权转移给买方,而买方必须以货币支付货款。,4买卖双方权利和义务的规定,:,1),国际货物买卖合同明确了买卖双方的权利和义务,是联系双方的纽带,对双方具有相同的,法律约束力,,,2),在合同的执行进程中,买卖双方都必须严格遵守合同条款,不得有任何误差,否则就是违反合同,即,违约。,3),一方违约使另一方遭受损失或损害时,受损害的一方可依法提出损害赔偿要求,违约方必须,承担损害赔偿责任,。,4) 如果在合同的执行中, 发现,某些条款规定不妥,,, 或因客观情况发生变化而必须,修改合同,的某些内容,, 或必须,终止双方的合同关系,时,必须由合同的一方提出请求,由另一方确认。,5) 如果一方提出, 而另,一方不同意,,,除非是出现了人力不可抗拒等特殊情况,原合同仍对双方有约束力。,5国际货物买卖合同的形式:,各国法律有不同的要求。,1)绝大多数国家法律上对货物买卖合同基本上都采取所谓,“非要式原则,”,即不规定任何特定的形式要求,当事人不论是采用口头方式或部分方式还是书面方式,或是以某种行为来订立合同,都被认为是合法和有效的。,2)英国,货物买卖法规定,买卖合同以书面方式、口头方式或部分书面、部分口头的方式订立,也可以由当事人以行为来表示订立合同的意愿。,德国,法律不论货物买卖涉及的价金有多少,一般都不要求以特定的形式订立合同,只有土地的买卖才必须订立书面合同,而且要向土地主管部门登记才能生效。,公约,也规定,国际货物买卖合同无需以书面形式订立或以书面形式来证明,在形式方面不受任何其他条件的限制,买卖合同可以用包括人证在内的任何方式来证明。,3),要式:,指依照法律的规定,应按其规定的形式和程序成立的合同。如双方签字、公证、主管批准。,6我国合同法:,1),我国于1999年10月1日起正式实施的新的合同法对国际货物买卖合同的形式作出了与,公约相同的规定,,在一般的国际货物买卖中,合同可以以书面形式也可以以口头或其他形式成立。,2)这种规定与我国过去的涉外经济合同法中国际货物买卖合同只能以书面形式成立的规定方法有了很大差别,标志着在国际货物买卖合同的形式方面,我国最终与国际通行做法达成了一致。,7主付合同及其关系,:,1)在所有涉外经济合同中,国际货物买卖合同却是一种最重要、最基本的合同。这主要是因为:(1)国际货物买卖在国际贸易中占有极为重要的地位,国际贸易最基本和最原始的方式就是国家之间的商品交换,其他交易方式都是在国际货物买卖发展到一定程度后,为适应国际经济发展的需要而逐步发展起来的。可以说,国际货物买卖是国际贸易其他各种方式的基础。(2)就一国而言,货物的进口与出口往往是其对外经济活动中最重要的内容,而且通常的逐笔成交、以货币结算的单边进口或出口的方式所占的比重仍然是最大的,其他方式往往是以这种方式为基础,或是这种方式的发展。如技术贸易中在引进“软件”的同时,经常还要进口有关的机器设备,即“硬件”,就属于这种情况。(3)在国际货物买卖合同签订后,为履行该合同会产生出其他各种合同关系,包括保险合同、运输合同,同银行建立的申请开立信用证或托收货款的合同关系等。这些合同关系都是以货物买卖合同为依据建立的,但又独立于买卖合同,不受买卖合同的约束。然而它们的内容却是相互联系、彼此有机配合的,都要与货物买卖合同条款的规定相一致。,基本合同.,我国在对外经济活动中,国际货物销售合同是一种最重要的、基本的涉外经济合同,国际货物销售合同是以逐笔成交、货币结算、单边进口或出口的方式与不同国家和地区的商人达成的货物买卖合同。基本的仍然是销售合同。,辅助性的合同.,国际货物买卖的当事人在进行一笔交易时,通常还需要与运输机构、保险公司、银行等签订合同,而在一般情况下,这些合同又是履行销售合同所必需的,是为履行销售合同服务的。而这些合同只是某一笔交易的组成部分,是辅助性的合同,,第二节,国际货物买卖合同的内容,一、书面合同的形式,尽管我国合同法中已规定在国际货物买卖中买卖双方可以以书面、口头或其他方式订立合同,但由于国际货物买卖具有经过的环节多,如果没有一份包括各项交易条件的综合合同对买卖双方各自的权利和义务作出全面、清楚、具体的说明,会给合同的履行带来很多不便而且一旦买卖双方当事人之间确实存在合同关系方面出现困难。从这个角度出发,在具体业务中买卖双方所订立的合同仍主要采取书面形式,本节所介绍的合同的形式与内容也主要针对书面合同。,(一)国际货物买卖的书面合同形式:,正式合同(Contract),确认书(Confirmation),协议(Agreement),备记录(Memorandum)等多种形式。,(二)我国的买卖合同形式,:主要采用正式合同和确认书,(三)合同简述,1. 正式合同,: 进口或出口合同,内容比较全面,对买卖双方的权利和义务以及发生争议后的处理办事都有明确规定,在大宗、复杂、贵重或成交金额较大的商品交易中普遍采用。,进口合同(Import Contract)也被称为购买合同(Purchase contract),出口合同(Export Contract),也可以被自然数为销售合同(sales contract),。,2 确认书:,也有,销售确认书(Sales Confirmation)和购买确认书(Purchase Confirmation)两种,。它是一种简式合同,所包括的条款比正式合同简单,只列明几项主要的或基本的条款。这种合同形式适用于金额较小、批数较多的商品交易或在已订有代理、包销等长期协议的内容的繁简上有所不同,但在法律上具同等效力,对买卖双方均具有约束力。在我国的进出口业务中,各进出口公司都印有固定格式的进出口合同或成交确认书,若当面成交,即由买卖双方共同签署,若通过往来函电成交,先由我方签署,然后将合同正本一式两份送交国外客户签署并退回一份,以备存查,也作为履行合同的依据,二、书面合同的内容,正式合同一般由三部分组成,即约首、正文和约尾。,国际货物买卖合同文本的结构模式,合同文本的书面结构模式一般由首部、正文、尾部和附件四部分构成。 1,首部,由标题、当事人基本情况及合同签订时间、地点构成。标题是合同的性质、内容、种类的具体体现。如“生猪、鲜蛋、菜牛、菜羊、家禽买卖合同”,表明该合同是买卖合同中鲜活农副产品买卖合同。切不可出现标题与合同内容不一致的现象。,当事人基本情况及合同签订时间、地点居标题之下,正文之上。当事人基本情况即当事人的名称或者姓名和住所(合同法将此项内容划入主要条款之列),同时写明双方在合同中的关系,如“买方”、“卖方”等。当事人是法人或其他组织的,写明该法人的名称和住所;当事人是自然人的,写明该自然人的名称和住所。此项内容是确定当事人、确定合同权利和义务承担者的主要依据。,2,正文,这是合同最重要的部分,也是合同的内容要素,即合同的主要条款。,3,尾部,即合同结尾,一般包括以下内容:双方当事人签名、盖章;单位地址,电话号码,电报挂号,邮政编码;银行开户名称,开户银行帐号;签证或公证。,4,附件,主要是对合同标的条款或有关条款的说明性材料及相关证明材料。如技术性较强的商品买卖合同,需要用附件或附图形式详细说明标的的全部情况。合同附件是合同的共同组织部分,同样具有法律效力。,实务:,(一)约首,约首是合同的序言部分,包括合同名称、国别、法人(负责人)、编号、订约日期和订约地点、各方当事人的名称和地址、电报挂号、电传号码、传真号码、Email、买卖双方订立合同的意愿和执行合同的保证等。下面的例子就是合同的约首部分:,正本 合同 NO,_,( ORIGINAL) CONTRACT Date_,卖方,Cable Address:,(The Sellers) Telex:,Fax:,E-mail:,买方,Cable Address:,(The Buyers ) Telex :,Fax:,E-mail:,兹经买卖双方友好协商, 同意按下列条件与条款签订本合同:,(the buyers and the sellers have through friendly consultations mutually agree to conclude this contract in accordance with the following terms and conditions),(二)正文,正文是合同的主体,详细列明各项交易条件,包括:,1商品名称,(Name of Commodity)商品的名称必须写全称,尤其是品名商品和地名商品,必须使用全称,以免混淆。对于有商标牌号的商品,一般要连同牌号一并列出。有些商品还要注明生产年份。,2品质规格,(Specification)商品的品质规格必须明确,在同一合同中涉及多种规格的商品或成套商品时,必须将所有规格和搭配比例列出,不得省略。,3. 数量,(Quantity)。数量必须注明计量单位。,实务:允许的溢短装(% more or less allowed),4包装,(Packing)。商品的包装条件往往同品质规格连在一起,要将包装物料,每件包装有大约重量详尽列出;包装计量单位及物料名称必须与商品数量的计量单位及规格中的包装物料名称相一致。,实务:货物应具有防潮、防锈蚀、防震并适合于远洋运输的包装,由于货物包装不良而造成的货物残损、灭失应由卖方负责。卖方应在每个包装箱上用不褪色的颜色标明尺码、包装箱号码、毛重、净重及“此端向上”、“防潮”、“小心轻放”等标记。,The packing of the goods shall be preventive from dampness, rust, moisture, erosion and shock, and shall be suitable for ocean transportation/ multiple transportation. The Seller shall be liable for any damage and loss of the goods attributable to the inadequate or improper packing. The measurement, gross weight, net weight and the cautions such as “Do not stack up side down”, “Keep away from moisture”, “Handle with care” shall be stenciled on the surface of each package with fadeless pigment.,唛头(Shipping Marks),5、单价(,Unit Price),商品单位必须与价格条件一起提供。,6、总值(,Total Value),总值的计值货币必须同单价的计价货币相一致,并须加注大写字码。,7装运期限,(,Time of Shipment)。,8、,装运港,(,Port of Loading)。,按照,FOB,与,FAS,贸易术语成交时,必须明确规定装货港口。,9、目的港,(,Port of Destination)。,按照,CFR,与,CIR,贸易术语成交时,必须明确规定目的港,既最终卸货港;此外,有选择性的目的港还须同时明确抵港日期及抵港方式。,10、保险,(,Insurance)。,按,CIF,贸易术语成交时,要详细规定保险条款;按,FOB,与,CFR,贸易术语成交时,仅写明保险由“买方自理即可,.,实务,:,由按发票金额,110%,投保险和附加险。,Insurance shall be covered by the _ for 110% of the invoice value against _ Risks and _ Additional Risks.,11 付款条件,(Terms of Payment)。付款方式必须详尽,如果以信用证方式付款,必须详列信用证的性质及名称。,实务:,(1) 信用证方式:买方应在装运期前/合同生效后日,开出以卖方为受益人的不可撤销的议付信用证,信用证在装船完毕后日内到期。,Letter of Credit: The Buyer shall, _ days prior to the time of shipment /after this Contract comes into effect, open an irrevocable Letter of Credit in favor of the Seller. The Letter of Credit shall expire _ days after the completion of loading of the shipment as stipulated.,(2) 付款交单:货物发运后,卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票,按即期付款交单(D/P)方式,通过卖方银行及银行向买方转交单证,换取货物。,Documents against payment: After shipment, the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange on the Buyer and deliver the documents through Sellers bank and _ Bank to the Buyer against payment, i.e D/P. The Buyer shall effect the payment immediately upon the first presentation of the bill(s) of exchange.,(3) 承兑交单:货物发运后,卖方出具以买方为付款人的付款跟单汇票,付款期限为后日,按即期承兑交单(D/A日)方式,通过卖方银行及银行,经买方承兑后,向买方转交单证,买方在汇票期限到期时支付货款。,Documents against Acceptance: After shipment, the Seller shall draw a sight bill of exchange, payable_ days after the Buyers delivers the document through Sellers,bank and _Bank to the Buyer against acceptance (D/A_ days)。 The Buyer shall make the payment on date of the bill of exchange.,(4) 货到付款:买方在收到货物后天内将全部货款支付卖方(不适用于 FOB、CRF、CIF术语)。,Cash on delivery (COD): The Buyer shall pay to the Seller total amount within _ days after the receipt of the goods (This clause is not applied to the Terms of FOB, CFR, CIF)。,12 单据(Documents Required),。在这部分内容中要详细列出卖方必须向买方提供的各项单据。,卖方应将下列单据提交银行议付/托收:,The Seller shall present the following documents required to the bank for negotiation/collection:,(1) 标明通知收货人/受货代理人的全套清洁的、已装船的、空白抬头、空白背书并注明运费已付/到付的海运/联运/陆运提单。,Full set of clean on board Ocean/Combined Transportation/Land Bills of Lading and blank endorsed marked freight prepaid/ to collect;,(2) 标有合同编号、信用证号(信用证支付条件下)及装运唛头的商业发票一式份;,Signed commercial invoice in _copies indicating Contract No., L/C No. (Terms of L/C) and shipping marks;,(3) 由出具的装箱或重量单一式份;,Packing list/weight memo in _ copies issued by;,(4) 由出具的质量证明书一式份;,Certificate of Quality in _ copies issued by;,(5) 由出具的数量证明书一式份;,Certificate of Quantity in _ copies issued by;,(6) 保险单正本一式份(CIF 交货条件);,Insurance policy/certificate in _ copies (Terms of CIF);,(7)签发的产地证一式份;,Certificate of Origin in _ copies issued by;,(8) 装运通知(Shipping advice): 卖方应在交运后_ 小时内以特快专递方式邮寄给买方上述第项单据副本一式一套。,The Seller shall, within _ hours after shipment effected, send by courier each copy of the above-mentioned documents No. 。,13 装船通知,(Notice of Loading)。按FOB与CFR贸易术语成交时,这一条款必须详细规定,以便买方及时投保。,实务:一俟装载完毕,卖方应在小时内以方式通知买方合同编号、品名、已发运数量、发票总金额、毛重、船名/车/机号及启程日期等。,The Seller shall, immediately upon the completion of the loading of the goods, advise the Buyer of the Contract No., names of commodity, loading quantity, invoice values, gross weight, name of vessel and shipment date by_ within_hours.,实务:,装运条款(Terms of Shipment):,(1) FOB交货方式,卖方应在合同规定的装运日期前30天,以方式通知买方合同号、品名、数量、金额、包装件、毛重、尺码及装运港可装日期,以便买方安排租船/订舱。装运船只按期到达装运港后,如卖方不能按时装船,发生的空船费或滞期费由卖方负担。在货物越过船弦并脱离吊钩以前一切费用和风险由卖方负担。,The Seller shall, 30 days before the shipment date specified in the Contract, advise the Buyer by _ of the Contract No., commodity, quantity, amount, packages, gross weight, measurement, and the date of shipment in order that the Buyer can charter a vessel/book shipping space. In the event of the Sellers failure to effect loading when the vessel arrives duly at the loading port, all expenses including dead freight and/or demurrage charges thus incurred shall be for the Sellers account.,(2) CIF或CFR交货方式,卖方须按时在装运期限内将货物由装运港装船至目的港。在CFR术语下,卖方应在装船前2天以方式通知买方合同号、品名、发票价值及开船日期,以便买方安排保险。,14、商品检验,(Commodity Inspection)。在此必须明确规定检验机构、检验方式、检验证书、检验时间和地点等。,实务:,检验(Inspection)(以下两项任选一项):,(1)卖方须在装运前日委托检验机构对本合同之货物进行检验并出具检验证书,货到目的港后,由买方委托检验机构进 行检验。,The Seller shall have the goods inspected by _ days before the shipment and have the Inspection Certificate issued by_. The Buyer may have the goods reinspected by _ after the goods,rrival at the destination.,(2) 发货前,制造厂应对货物的质量、规格、性能和数量/重量作精密全面 的检验,出具检验证明书,并说明检验的技术数据和结论。货到目的港后,买方将申请中国商品检验局(以下简称商检局)对货物的规格和数量/重量进行检验,如发现货物残损或规格、数量与合同规定不符,除保险公司或轮船公司的责任外,买方得在货物到达目的港后日内凭商检局出具的检验证书向卖方索赔或拒收该货。在保证期内,如货物由于设计或制造上的缺陷而发生损坏或品质和性能与合同规定不符时,买方将委托中国商检局进行检验。,The manufacturers shall, before delivery, make a precise and comprehensive inspection of the goods with regard to its quality, specifications, performance and quantity/weight, and issue inspection certificates certifying the technical data and conclusion of the inspection. After arrival of the goods at the port of destination, the Buyer shall apply to China Commodity Inspection Bureau (hereinafter referred to as CCIB) for a further inspection as to the specifications and quantity/weight of the goods. If damages of the goods are found, or the specifications and/or,or the specifications and/or quantity are not in conformity with the stipulations in this Contract, except when the responsibilities lies with Insurance Company or Shipping Company, the Buyer shall,within _ days after arrival of the goods at the port of destination, claim against the Seller,or reject the goods according to the inspection certificate issued by CCIB. In case of damage of the goods incurred due to the design or manufacture defects and/or in case the quality and performance are not in conformity with the Contract,the Buyer shall, during the guarantee period, request CCIB to make a survey.,15、不可抗力,(Force Majeure )。应明确规定不可抗力事故的范围及通知方法等。(合同签定后,发生了不是由于任何一方当事人的过失、疏忽,当事人既不能预见和预防,又无法避免和克服的意外事件,以致合同不能履行或不能按期履行,遭受意外事件的当事人可免除其不履行或不能按期履行合同的责任,这些意外事件称,不可抗力,自然和社会原因引起),不可抗力(Force Majeure):,凡在制造或装船运输过程中,因不可抗力致使卖方不能或推迟交货时,卖方不负责任。在发生上述情况时,卖方应立即通知买方,并在天内,给买方特快专递一份由当地民间商会签发的事故证明书。在此情况下,卖方仍有责任采取一切必要措施加快交货。如事故延续天以上,买方有权撤销合同。,The Seller shall not be responsible for the delay of shipment or non-delivery of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The Seller shall advise the Buyer immediately of the occurrence mentioned above and within_ days thereafter the Seller shall send a notice by courier to the Buyer for their acceptance of a certificate of the accident issued by the local chamber of commerce under whose jurisdiction the accident occurs as evidence thereof. Under,such circumstances the Seller, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the delivery of the goods. In case the accident lasts for more than _ days the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the Contract.,实务:,买方凭其委托的检验机构出具的检验证明书向卖方提出索赔(包括换货),由此引起的全部费用应由卖方负担。若卖方收到上述索赔后_天未予答复,则认为卖方已接受买方索赔。,The buyer shall make a claim against the Seller (including replacement of the goods) by the further inspection certificate and all the expenses incurred therefrom shall be borne by the Seller. The claims mentioned above shall be regarded as being accepted if the Seller fail to reply within _days after the Seller received the Buyers claim.,迟交货与罚款(Late delivery and Penalty):,除合同第21条不可抗力原因外,如卖方不能按合同规定的时间交货,买方应同意在卖方支付罚款的条件下延期交货。罚款可由议付银行在议付货款时扣除,罚款率按每天收%,不足天时以天计算。但罚款不得超过迟交 货物总价的_ %.如卖方延期交货超过合同规定天时,买方有权撤销合同,此时,卖方仍应不迟延地按上述规定向买方支付罚款。,买方有权对因此遭受的其它损失向卖方提出索赔。,Should the Seller fail to make delivery on time as stipulated in the Contract, with the exception of Force Majeure causes specified in Clause 21 of this Contract, the Buyer shall agree to postpone the delivery on the condition that the Seller agree to pay a penalty which shall be deducted by the paying bank from the payment under negotiation. The rate of penalty is charged at_% for every _ days, odd days less than _days should be counted as _ days. But the penalty, however, shall not exceed_% of the total value of the goods involved in the delayed,delivery. In case the Seller fail to make delivery _ days later than the time of shipment stipulated in the Contract, the Buyer shall have the right to cancel the
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