英语中数词用法

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,英语数词用法,目录,单元重点语法讲解,一.,how much 引导的疑问句,考点1：用来询问事物的价格、价钱，意思是“多少钱”,eg:,How much are these socks?,What a beautiful key ring ! is it?,a .How old b .How far,c .How long d.How much,一、,how long的用法,how long有以下两个主要意思：,1.,表示多长时间，主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks 等)提问,。如：,A：How long did he stay here? 他在这儿呆了多久?,B：About two weeks. 大约两个星期。,A：How long does it take to get to London from here? 从这里到伦敦要多长时间?,B：At least ten hours. 至少要10个小时。,2.,表示某东西有多长,。如：,A：How long is the river? 这条河有多长？,B：About 500 km. 大约500千米。,二、,how often的用法,how often 指每隔多久,；多长时间一次。,主要用来对频度副词或状语(如：once a week, three times a month 等)提问。,如：,A：How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?,B：Once a month. 每月一次。,A：How often do you visit your mother? 你多长时间看你妈妈一次?,B：Once a week. 一周一次。,三、,how soon的用法,how soon 指再过多久，主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(如：in an hour, in two weeks 等)提问。,如：,A：How soon will he be back? 他要多久才回来?,B：In an hour. 1 小时以后。,A：How soon shall we know the results? 我们多久能知道结果?,B：I dont know. 我不知道。,How far 和How long 的区别,A:,持续多长时间（多久）,how long,How long have you been here?,For five months.,长度（多长,）,how long,How long is the bridge?,Its 500 metres.,距离（多远）,how far,How far is it from here to the zoo?,Its 6 kilometres,考向一（易错点）：,时间、金钱、距离作主语时，不论数量多少，谓语动词用单数。,-How much the glasses?,-Five pounds enough.,二（易错点）：,谈到货币时，经常考查dollar和yuan的区别。,-How much the glasses?,- 。,a. Ten yuans b. Ten yuan c.Ten dollars,dollar有单复数，大于一美元时，加s.,yuan 不可以。,基数词的用法,数词分为：,基数词，序数词。表示数量的多少的词叫基数词。,如：one,teo ,three等。,考点一：数词的拼写。,特殊基数词,1,000one(a) thousand,一千,10,000,ten thousand,一万,100,000,one hundred thousand,十万,1,000,000,one million,百万,10,000,000ten million,千万,100,000,000,one hundred million,一亿,1,000,000,000,billion十亿,108,one hundred and eight,500,five hundred,1813,one thousand eight hundred and thirteen.,多位数的读法, 从后向前数，每三位数加一个，；第一个，号前为thousand（千），第二个，号前为million（百万），然后再逐段表达。, 三位数数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。,45，632，798 读作 forty-five million, six hundred and thirty-two thousand, seven hundred and ninety-eight,记住英语数字读法特点。以下面一个数字为例：,6，500，431，729,hundred,thousand,million,billion,注意每三个数为一个单位，按照百、,十、个向下读。,6，500，431，729,seven hundred and twenty-nine,thousand,million,billion,six,billion,five hundred million,four hundred and thirty-one thousand,hundred,基数词表示,确切,的数时，,不用复数,形式. 表示,不确切,数，如成百、成千上万，则用,复数,。,There are,hundreds of,people in the hall,320 three,hundred and,twenty,人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式。He became a professor,in his thirties,It was,in the 1960s,基数词的句法功能可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。,The two,happily opened the box（作主语）,They three,tried to finish the task （作同位语）,The,nine,boys are from Tianjin.,这九个男孩子是天津人。 （作定语）,Six plus four is,ten,. 六加四等于十。 （作表语）,序数词,英语的序数词基本变法：,一般在基数词后加,th,ve,结尾的改为,-fth,-ty,结尾的改为,-tieth,熟记特殊词,：,first， second， third， fifth，eighth，ninth， twelfth,表示第几十几时，用几十的基数词+,连字符“”+个位序数词,。thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六,1,st,2,nd,3,rd,4,th,5,th,6,th,7,th,8,th,9,th,10,th,11,th,12,th,first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth,13,th,14,th,15,th,16,th,17,th,18,th,19,th,thirteen,th,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth,20,th,30,th,40,th,50,th,60,th,70,th,80,th,90,th,100,th,twent,ieth,thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth,sixtieth,seventieth,eightieth,ninetieth,one hundredth,21,st,22,nd,23,rd,35,th,101,st,twenty-first,twenty-second,twenty-third,thirty-fifth,one hundred and first,序数词的句法功能,序数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语和表语。The second is what I really need（作主语）He choose the second（作宾语）We are to carry out the first plan（作定语）She is the second in our class（作表语）,一、序号表示法,the +序数词+名词,名词+基数词,the first lessonLesson Onethe twenty-first roomRoom 21（twenty-one）,The First World/ World War One.,基数词,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,one(a) hundred,23,35,101,twenty-three,thirty-five,one hundred and one,基数词表示,确切,的数时，,不用复数,形式. 表示,不确切,数，如成百、成千上万，则用,复数,。,There are,hundreds,/thousands,of,people in the hall,320 three,hundred and,twenty,成千上百的,hundreds,and thousands,of,三三两两,in twos and threes,eg:Students go to the classroom in twos and threes .,人的不确切岁数或年代，用几十的复数形式,。,He became a professor,in his,thirties,在二十世纪六十年代,It was,in the 1960s,“,century 世纪” 在20世纪早/晚期,in the early/late century of twenty,数词名词用连在一起作定语，后面名词不用复数。,eg.,He is,a four-year-old boy,.,He is four years old.,英语中有一些短语包含数词，不能从表面上理解它们的意义,one and the only 唯一,be at one with 与 一致,one and the same 同一个；完全一样,ten to one 十之八九,talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝,by twos and threes 三三两两,in ones and twos 三三两两,first and last 总共,first of all 首先,from the first 从一开始,.,1、,章节、页数的读法,第一章：the first chapter Chapter One,第二节：the second section Section Two,第三课：the third lesson Lesson Three,第463页：page four six three,第2564页：page two five six four或twenty-five sixty-four,注意：如果页码的数字较长，通常用基数词。,2.,房间、门牌、电话号码的读法,第305房间：Room three o（零）five,长安街76号：seventy-six Changan Street,电话号码：204-2244：telephone number two o（零） four two two（double two） four four,十一路公共汽车：Bus（No.） eleven,3. 年代、日期的读法,年份是四位数字时，各分成二位来读， eg. 公元1995年：1995（=nineteen ninety-five）,日期使用一般的序数词来读取 eg. 5月10日：May 10th（=May tenth）,年代表示法： eg. 二十世纪九十年代：1990s nineteen nineties,二、,时刻表示法,1. 几点钟 5:00 读作 five,oclock,2. 几点过几分 five,past,seven 七点过五分half past six 六点半a quarter past eight 八点过一刻,3. 几点差几分,ten to eight 差十分八点a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二点twenty to six 差二十分六点,三、倍数、分数、小数、百分数表示法,1.,倍数的表达法,倍数用在,as+形容词/副词（原形）+as,结构之前.,倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前或by+倍数用在比较级之后,倍数用在表示度量名词前其基本结构为倍数,+the+size/length/weight-+of+,表示比较对象的名词,A is+倍数+比较级 thanB,A is +倍数+as+adj.原形+as B,A is 倍数 the +n. +of B,This bridge is three times as wide as that one.（这座桥是那座桥的三倍宽。）,=This bridge is twice wider than that one.（这座桥比那座桥宽两倍。）,=This bridge is three times width of that one.（这座桥的宽度是那座桥的三倍。）,2.,分数表示法,分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1，分母用复数,。如：三分之一,one- third;七分之三, three-sevenths。,分子与分母之间加in，分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词,。如：十分之一,one in ten；五分之八,eight in five。,分子与分母之间加out of，分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词,。如：one out of ten; five out of eight.,3.小数表示法,小数的表示法，小数点用point，,点之前的读法和其它整数读法一样；点后的数读成个位数。,nine point six five,9,.,65；,two hundred and eighteen point three nine.218,.,39,4.分数表示法,直接将数词放在percent前面即可。 如 twenty percent为百分之二十。,分数和百分 数后不能直接接名词或代词，而用下面的形式：,分数/百分数+of+冠词/限定词+名词/代词，,其谓语动词与of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致。如：,Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.,About seventy percent of the earth surface is,covered by water.,四、算式表达法,加,法 A+B=C A,plus,B is C. or A,and,B is C.,减,法 AB=C A,minus,B is C. or B,from,A is C.,乘,法 AB=C A,times,B is C. or A,multiplied,by B is C.,除,法 AB=C A,divided,by B is C.,How much is two plus three? It is five,How much is ten minus six?,3X4? How much is three times four?,164=? How much is sixteen divided by four?,五、,需注意的问题,1. 数词名词用连在一起作定语，后面名词不用复数。 eg. a four-year-old boy,2. 有些结构既有基数词又有序数词。 eg. the first three questions the last five minutes,3. 英语中有一些短语包含数词，不能从表面上理解它们的意义,one and the only 唯一,be at one with 与 一致,one and the same 同一个；完全一样,ten to one 十之八九,talk nineteen to the dozen 滔滔不绝,by twos and threes 三三两两,in ones and twos 三三两两,first and last 总共,first of all 首先,from the first 从一开始,.,another, other, more修饰数词的用法,1.,another+,名词单数,表“,另外的、额外的、附加的,时，,+,具体数字的,复数,The strike may last,another three days,罢工可能还要持续三天,2,. other,+复数名词，置于数词之后,但与定冠词the连用时，other要放在数词前,Do you know where he found,the other two,photos？另外两张照片,Tony is going camping with,two other,boys next Sunday,3.,more可与a little，a few，a lot，several等词连用,（1）There are many more dictionaries on the desk课桌上有许多词典。,（2）Would you like some more tea？再喝点茶好吗？,4.,如果前后意思清楚，another或more后面的名词可以省去。如：,I climbed the stairs slowly，carrying a big suitcase，my father following with two more,选择填空。1March is _month of a yearA a three B the third C a third2We will have a meeting at 8:05_Afive to eight Beight five Ceight o five3Eight plus eight is_.Asixteen Bsixty-four Cone4He is an _boyAeight years Beight-year-old Ceight-years-old5We will have a_ walkAten minutes Bten minutes Cten-minutes,B the third,Ceight o five,Asixteen,Beight-year-old,Bten minutes,6The wall is_.Afour meters long Bfour meter long Cfour-meter long,7Whats the date today? Its_AMarch the eight BMarch eighthCeight，March8It happened in the 1040sA in the forties of the eleventh centuryB in the forties of the tenth centuryC in the forty,9About_ of the earths surface is covered with water.A. three-fours B. three-fourth C. three-fourths,Afour meters long,BMarch eighth,A in the forties of the eleventh century,C. three-fourths,10. He went down to the village which was _miles away from the city.A. three hundreds B. three hundredC. three hundreds of,B. three hundred,