英语语流训练之隐喻疏导法

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,英语语流训练之隐喻疏导法,纪玉华,厦门大学,外文学院,英语演讲学习中的难点,学生为什么抱怨？,为什么许多老华侨英语也是讲得,不流畅、不漂亮？,英语语流需要专业训练。,但是，传统的专业训练太理论化、太抽象、太刻板。,用新方法解释语流规则,“,省读,”,、,“,失爆,”,、,“,连读,”,、,“,同化,”,怎样帮助学生理解、记住并掌握这些规则？,用打比方和讲故事的方式启发、疏导学生。,用四个比喻解释语流规则,1,）果断开除捣蛋鬼；,2,）控制自己莫发火；,3,）团结员工抓效率；,4,）感化员工促和谐。,用四个比喻解释语流规则,果断开除捣蛋鬼,=,省读,控制自己莫发火,=,失爆,团结员工抓效率,=,连读,感化员工促和谐,=,同化,果断开除捣蛋鬼,英语口语中到底谁是捣蛋鬼呢？,捣蛋鬼就是,/t/,和,/d/,。只要,/t/,或者,/d/,的前面和后面都是辅音（包括,/w/,和,/j/,），就必须把他们开除掉。这在英语语音学中叫做,“,省读,”,。,果断开除捣蛋鬼,果断开除捣蛋鬼,圆括号里的,t,和,d,都要省略掉。,las(t) summer,、,las(t) week,、,wen(t) to,、,behin(d) me,、,turne(d) round,、,pos(t)card,、,len(t) me a book,、,passe(d) quickly,、,sen(d) cards,、,las(t) day,、,spen(t) the whole day,控制自己莫发火,现代企业老板要讲文明，要学会控制自己，举起手来，刚想打人，突然控制了自己，把拳头再慢慢地放下来。这在英语语音学中叫做,“,失爆,”,。,控制自己莫发火,音学中叫做,“,失爆,”,。,控制自己莫发火,方括号里的爆破音都不能爆破出来。,a good seat,、,could not hear,、,did not pay any attention,、,could not bear it,、,I got very angry,、,cant hear,、,looked /lu k t/,、,visited museums,、,public gardens,、,private conversation,taught me,、,thought about postcards,a big decision,、,bought thirty-seven cards,控制自己莫发火,这条规则有例外,:,在同一个单词内，如果爆破音,/p, b, k, g /,后面跟着,/l/,或,/r/,，那么这个爆破音还是要爆破出来的，比如：,play,这个词里面的,/p/,要正常发出来, angry,这个词中的,/g/,要正常发出来，,public,这个词中的,/b/,要正常发出来, quickly,这个词中的,/k/,要正常发出来。,团结员工抓效率,团结员工抓效率,下划线连起来的辅音和元音要连读。,I ha,d a,、,looke,d a,t the man,、,bea,r i,t I turned roun,d a,gain,、,hea,r a,word its no,ne o,f your business,、,thi,s is a,、,sa,t i,n,、,a few wor,ds of I,talian,、,I rea,d a,few lines,、,understan,d a,word,、,though,t a,bout,bu,t I,、,go,t u,p,、,wri,te a,。,团结员工抓效率,这条规则也有例外，如果要强调一个词，就不要连读，,不要读成,sai,d an,grily,， 不要读成,got u,p ear,ly,；不要读成,I go,t an,gry,；不要读成,I did no,t en,joy it,； 不要读成,postcar,ds al,ways,， 不要读成,did no,t un,derstand,。,在这种情况下，爆破音要用控制的方法来处理。,感化员工促和谐,被开除两个家伙由于金融危机在外面也找不到工作，后来又来找你，你心肠很软，同情他们，又收留了他们。他们受到感化，决心痛改前非，好好做人，没想到他们成了全公司最会搞和谐的员工，对同事都特别客气、特别礼貌、特别谦让。这在英语语音学中叫做“同化”,感化员工促和谐,感化员工促和谐,同化就是趋同变化，,/t/,和,/d/,在,/p, b, m, g, k, /,的前面时，就变成,/p, b, g, k/,，比如：,a good d,g girl,、,a good d,b boy,、,not t,p pay private t,k conversation,、,visited d,b museums,、,about t,p postcards,、,not t,b bear it,、,taught t,p me,四条语流规则的综合练习,Las(t) week I wen(t) to the theatre. I ha,d a,very good seat. The play was very interesting, bu,t I,did not enjoy it. A young man a,nd a,young woman were sitting behin(d) me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turne(d) round an(d) looke,d a,t the man an(d) the woman angrily, but they did not t,p pay any attention to me. In the end, I could nott,b bea,r i,t. I turne(d) roun,d a,gain. “I can(t) hea,r a,word!” I said angrily. “Its no,ne o,f your business,” the young man said rudely. “Thi,s is a,private t,k conversation!”,四条语流规则的综合练习,Pos(t)cards always spoil my holidays. Las(t) summer, I wen(t) to Italy. I visited d,b museum,s a,n(d) sa,t i,n publicc gardens. A friendly waiter taught t,p me a few words of Italian. Then he len(t) me a book. I rea,d a,few lines, bu,t I,did not understan,d a,word. Every day I though,t a,bout t,p pos(t)cards. My holidays pass(d) quickly, bu,t I,did not sen(d) cards to my friends. On the las(t) day I ma,de a,big decision. I go,t u,p early an(d) bought thirty-seven cards. I spen(t) the whole day in my room, bu,t I,did not wri,te a,single card!,用隐喻讲解语流四大规则,果断开除捣蛋鬼,=,省读,控制自己莫发火,=,失爆,团结员工抓效率,=,连读,感化员工促和谐,=,同化,Thank you for your attention.,I Hope you enjoy this lecture. Thank you.,This is my email:,yuhuaji,