常用介词用法的总结

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,常用介词用法的总结,About,1.,动词,+about+sth.,。,about,在此表示,“,论及，谈起，涉及，着手,”,等意思：,arrange aboutargue about,辩论, ask about,询问，,bring about,带来，,chat about,闲聊，,care about,在意，,complain about,报怨，,go about,着手，,hear about,听说, inquire about,打听,know about,了解，,quarrel about,争论，,read about,读到, see about,负责处理，,set about,开始, speak about,谈起, talk about,谈论, think about,考虑, trouble about,担心，,tell about,讲述，,worry about,着急,例句,She inquired about my brother.,她向我打听有关我兄弟的情况。,I must set about my packing.,我必须开始收拾行装。,What are you chatting about?,你们在聊什么呢？,2. be +,形容词,+about+sth.,。,about,在此意思是,“,为,，对,”,，接表原因的词：,be anxious about,为,着急, be bad about,对,感到不舒服，,be busy about,忙于,be careful about,小心, be certain about,对,有把握,be concerned about,关心,be crazy about,为,发狂，,be excited about,为,感到激动, be happy about,为,而高兴,be mad about,为,发疯，,be nervous about,对,感到紧张, be particular about,挑剔,be pleased about,为,兴奋，,be strict about,对,严格，,be thoughtful about,对,考虑周到的，,be uneasy about,为,感受到不安,例句,What have you been busy about today?,今天在忙些什么？,You are certainly very thoughtful about others.,你为别人想得太周到了。,Im strict about such things.,对这些事我是很严格的。,注：,come about,发生，,get about,（疾病、谣言）流行，,turn about,转身，,leave about,到处乱放，,lie about,随便堆放，,put about,打扰,;,传播，,put oneself about,使,发愁。这些词组中,about,作副词，此时,about,不能接宾语。,After,1.,动词,+ after,。介词,after,有,“,追赶，问候，效仿,”,之意,ask after,问候, be after,寻求,do(sth.)after,学着做，,go after,设法得到, inquire after,问候, look after,寻找,run after,追求, seek after,追逐, take after,长得像。,例句,Every afternoon he called to ask after his girl friend.他每天下午都打 问候他的女朋友。,The boy takes after his father. 这男孩长得像他父亲。 The dogs went after the wounded deer. 一群狗在追赶那只受伤的鹿。,2.after,构成的其它短语。,after,在不同的短语中意思各异：,after a little/moment/while,过了一会，,after all,毕竟,after dark,天黑以后，,after ones heart,合,的心, after school,放学后，,after service,售后服务，,after the fashion,勉强，,day after day,日复一日，,one after another,一个接一个，,year after year,年复一年,例句,Dont be too strict with him. After all he is still a child.,不要太苛刻了，毕竟他还是个孩子。,He can speak and write English after a fashion.,他多少会说和写一点英语，但不太好。,At,1.,动词,+ at,。,at,表示,“,指向某一目标，到达某地,”,arrive at,抵达,call at,访问某地, catch at(it),当场抓住, come at,攻击, fire at,向,开火,glance at,瞟一眼, glare at,怒目而视, grieve at,忧伤，,knock at,敲,laugh at,嘲笑, look at,看一眼, pull at,拉扯, rejoice at,对,高兴，,smile at,向某人微笑, shoot at,朝,射击, stare at,怒目而视,thrust at,刺向, tear at,撕, tremble at,颤抖，,wonder at,吃惊，,work at,工作,Dont let me catch you again at it.,不要再让我当场逮住你。,We must “shoot the arrow at the target”.,我们必须有的放矢。,They trembled at the sight of the peasants spears.,看到农民的梭标，他们阵阵发抖。,2,、,be +,形容词,/,过去分词,+ at,。其中,at,表示,“,情绪、情感的原因，或对某物具有某种感情,”,be angry at,恼怒于, be alarmed at,对,保持警觉,be astonished at,对,吃惊, be bad at,不擅长, be clever at,对某事很灵巧,be delighted at,高兴，,be disgusted at,厌恶, be disappointed at,对,失望，,be good at,擅长, be impatient at,对,不够耐心, be mad at,狂热于,be pleased at,对,感到高兴, be present at,出席, be satisfied at,满意,be surprised at,吃惊, be shocked at,对,非常震惊，,be terrified at,受到,的恐吓,be quick at,对,很机敏,例句,They were overjoyed at his return to work.,他们对他重返工作感到欣喜。,They are alarmed at the growth of the liberation movement in the colonies.,他们对殖民地日益壮大的解放运动警觉起来。,3,、,at+,名词构成的词组,at a distance,在一定距离，,at a loss,不知所措，,at a time,一次，,at all,一点也不，,at any cost,不惜一切代价，,at best,最好也只是，,at first,起初，,at hand,手头，,at heart,在内心里，,at home,在家；无拘束，,at last,最后，,at least,至少，,at most,最多，,at once,马上，,at present,目前，,at sea,不知所措，,at times,有时，,at will,任意地，,at work,起作用，,at worst,最坏。,4.,其它含有,at,的短语：,work hard at,勤奋工作，,drop in at,顺路拜访。,For,1.,动词,+for,a),动词,+for,。,for,表原因、目的：,account for,解释；说明, answer for,对,负责,apply for,申请；请求, apologize for,为,而道歉, beg for,请求, call for,要求,care for,在意, enter for,报名参加, fight for,为,而战,hope for,希望,inquire for,查询；求见, leave for,离开某地到另一地, look for,寻找, long for,盼望,mistake for,误认为, plan for,计划做某事, prepare for,为,作准备,provide for,为,提供, reach for,伸手去拿, run for,竞选, stand for,象征,search for,搜寻, send for,派人去请, speak for,陈述意见、愿望, take for,当作, wish for,希望, wait for,等待,例句,His illness accounts for his absence.,他因病缺席。,The baby reached for the apple but couldnt reach it.,那婴儿伸手去苹果，但够不着。,He who would search for pearls must dive below.,要想找到珍珠，必须潜到海底。,b),动词,+sb.+ for +sth.,for,表示原因或目的：,ask for,要求得到,blame for,因,责备, excuse for,宽恕, forgive for,谅解, pardon for,原谅,pay for,花钱买, praise for,称赞, punish for,对,进行惩罚,push for,催逼，,reward for,酬谢, thank for,对,表示谢意,例句,Please excuse me for my being late.,请原谅我的迟到。,Forgive me for my keeping you waiting.,请见谅，让你久等了。,be +,形容词,+for,for,表作用、目的、对人或物有某种情绪等：,be anxious for,急于做, be eager for,渴望, be bad for,有害于,be convenient for,便于, be good for,利于, be famous for,以,出名,be fit for,适合于, be grateful for,对,心存感激, be impatient for,对,不耐烦,be late for,迟到, be necessary for,有必要, be ready for,作好准备,be sorry for,为,而后悔, be responsible for,对,负责,be suitable for,适合于, be unfit for,不适合, be useful for,对,有作用,例句,He is eager for success.,他渴望成功。,The government is responsible for the nations welfare.,政府负责民众的福利。,for+,名词构成的词组,for all尽管，for a song非常便宜地，for certain确切地，for company陪着，for ever永远，for exle例如，for fear以免，for fair肯定地，for free，for fun为了好玩，for good永远，for instance比方，for luck祝福，for life终身，for long长久，for nothing白白地，for once有生第一次，for oneself替自己，for pleasure为了消遣，for reason因为理由，for sale供出售，for shame真不害臊，for short简称，for sport好玩，for sure确切地。,动词,+,副词,/,名词,+for,构成的短语,be in for,将遇到，,make up for,弥补，,go in for,从事，,l o ok out for,提防，,take sth. for granted,把,当作理所当然,have an ear for,音感好, have a gift for,有某方面的天赋。,From,1.,动词,+from,a),动词,+ from,。,from,表示,“,来源、原因、起始,”,等：,come from,来自,date from,追溯, depart from,违背, die from,死于, escape from,逃出,fall from,自,跌落, hang from,垂挂, hear from,收到来信,learn from,向某人学习, return from,自某地返回，,rise from,自,冒出, result from,起因于, suffer from,忍受,例句,All the characters in the book are drawn from real life.,书中所有的人物都来自于真实的生活。,Any damage resulting from negligence must be paid for by the borrower.,因疏忽引起的任何损坏都应由借用者负责赔偿。,He has recovered from his surprise.,他好不容易回过神来。,b),动词,+ sth./sb. +from + sth./ sb. /a place,from,表示,“,来源、免于,”,等：,borrow from,向,借, choose from,选自, excuse from,免除, keep from,阻止做,prevent from,不准做, protect from,不受,之害, receive from,收到,remove from,移动；除去, save from,保全；拯救, separate from,分离开来,stop from,阻止,例句,He was excused from attendance at the lecture.,他获准可不去听课。,Stop the child from spoiling the book.,不要让孩子弄坏了书。,be +,形容词,+ from,be absent from,缺席,be different from,与众不同, be far from,更不用说, be hidden from,躲避,be made from,用,制成, be tired from,因,而疲倦,例句,The boy cant walk and is far from running.,那男孩不会走路，更不用说跑了。,fromto,from bad to worse,每况愈下，,from beginning to end,自始至终，,from cover to cover,从头到尾，,from China to Peru,到处，,from day to day,一天一天地，,from door to door,挨家挨户，,from end to end,从头至尾，,from first to last,自始至终，,from hand to mouth,勉强糊冢琭,rom head to foot,从头到脚，,from mouth to mouth,广泛流传，,from sun to sun,从日出到日落，,from start to finish,从头开始，,from top to toe,从头到脚，,from time to time,不时地，,from top to bottom,彻底地,In,1.,动词,+in,a),动词,+ in,。,in,在短语中的含义异常丰富：,believe in,信任, break in,碎成，,bring in,引起；产生；带来, call in,下令收回, fill in,填充,get in,收获, hand in,上缴, involve in,涉及, lie in,在于, result in,导致, share in,共享,succeed in,成功, take in,卷起；订阅, turn in,归还当局,例句,He was so short of money that he had to call in the loans that he had made.,他很缺乏资金，不得不收回所有的款子。,Your failure lies in your laziness.,你失败的原因在于懒惰。,Orders are given to take in sail.,已发布收帆的命令。,b),动词,+sb./time/money+ in,介词,in,后接（,doing,）,sth.,：,help sb. in,帮助某人做某事, spare time/money in,匀出时间或钱做某事,spend time/money in,花时间或钱做某事,waste time/money in,浪费时间或钱做某事,例句,She offered to help him in the housekeeping when I am not here.,她提出，我不在家时她可以帮助他料理家务。,be +,形容词,+ in,be active in,活跃于,be absorbed in,专心致志, be busy in,忙碌, be born in,出生于,be concerned in,牵涉, be clothed in,穿着, be disappointed in,对,失望,be diligent in,勤于, be experienced in,在,有经验, be employed in,任职于,be engaged in,忙碌, be expert in,某方面的专家, be excellent in,在,优秀,be interested in,对,有兴趣, be lacking in,缺乏, be rich in,富有,be slow in,迟缓, be successful in,在某方面成功, be skilled in,精于,be strict in,严于, be weak in,弱于,例句,She was completely absorbed in her own affairs.,她完全专注于自己的事务。,More than one person has been concerned in this.,不只一人牵涉到这件事。,in +,名词,in advance,提前,in all,总共，,in balance,总而言之，,in bed,卧床，,in body,亲自，,in brief,简明扼要，,in case,万一, in charge,主管，,in danger,有危险, in debt,负债, in despair,失望,in force,大量地；有效，,in full,全部地, in flower,开花,in general,一般说来,in itself,本身, in love,恋爱, in order,井然有序, in person,亲自,in public,公开地, in progress,有进展, in practice,从实践上看, in rags,穿着破衣, in research,探索, in return,作为报答,in ruins,一片废墟,in short,总之,in theory,从理论上看, in trouble,有麻烦, in tears,眼泪汪汪,in time,及时, in turn,按顺序, in vain,白白地，,in view,看得见,In +,副词,check in,到达登记，,cut in,插嘴，,count in,包括,draw in,时间接近, drop in,顺路拜访, give in,屈服, pour in,源源而来。,Of,1.,动词,+of,a),动词,+of,。,of,意为,“,有关，由于,”,：,beg of(sb.),请求某人,complain of,抱怨，,consist of,由,构成, die of,死于, dream of,梦想, hear of,听说, know of,了解,speak of,谈及, tell of,讲到, think of,想起, talk of,论及,例句,Never has one of them complained of all the trouble we give.,从来没有人抱怨我们带来这么多麻烦。,Carbon dioxide consists of carbon and oxygen.,二氧化碳由碳、氧两种元素组成。,b),动词,+sb.+of+sth.,。其中,of,有,“,剥夺，有关,”,之意,accuse of,控告（谴责，非难）某人, cheat of,骗走, deprive of,剥夺,inform of,汇报, rob of,抢走, remind of,提醒, warn of,警告,例句,He has cheated me of my poverty.,他骗走了我的财产。,They are deprived of their rights as citizens.,他们的公民权都被剥夺了。,c),动词,+sth.+ of +sb.,request of,请求,(,某人做某事,),require of,要求得到,例句：,All I request of you is that you should come here early.,我唯一的请求就是希望你早点来。,You have done all the law requires of you.,你做的这一切都是法律对你的要求。,be +,形容词,+ of,be aware of,觉察, be ashamed of,以,为耻, be afraid of,担心,be bare of,没有, be careful of,小心, be clear of,还清债务,be certain of,确信, be composed of,由,构成, be envious of,嫉妒,be forgetful of,健忘, be fond of,喜欢, be free of,免于；摆脱, be full of,充满, be guilty of,认罪,be hopeful of,抱有希望,be informed of,汇报, be impatient of,对,无耐心, be jealous of,嫉妒,be made of,用,制成, be mindful of,留意, be proud of,以,为骄傲,be sick of,烦于, be short of,缺乏, be sure of,确信, be tired of,困于,be worthy of,值得,of+,名词构成的词组,of age,成年, of choice,精选的，,of course,当然,of late,最近，,of name,有名的，,of oneself,自动地，,of purpose,有意地，,of use,有用，,of values,有价值的,On,1.,动词,+on,act on,对,有作用, bring on,促使；导致, call on,拜访某人,count on,依赖, carry on,执行,depend on,取决, feed on,以,为生,figure on,料想；推断, go on,继续,have on,穿着, insist on,坚持,keep on,继续, lean on,依赖, live on,以,为生, pull on,迅速穿上,put on,穿上, switch on,接通（电源）, take to,喜欢；养成；轻易学会，,turn on,接通（电源）, work on,操作, wait on,侍候,例句,This kind of medicine acts on the heart.,这种药对心脏有好处。,The fine weather brings on the crops nicely.,好天气促使庄稼长势良好。,We count on you to help.,我们有赖你的帮助。,b),动词,+sb.(sth.)+ on +sb.(sth.),base on,以,为基础, congratulate on,恭贺, fix on,固定, have mercy on,怜悯,have pity on,怜惜, keep watch on,监视, spend on,把时间、精力花在某方面。例如：,例句,Theory should be based on practice.,理论联系实际。,Congratulate on your success in the competition.,恭喜你竞赛获得成功。,be+,形容词,+on,的词组,be dependent on,依赖, be hard on,对某人苛刻,be impressed on,对,印象深刻, be keen on,渴望, be strict on,对,严格,例句：,We cant just be dependent on our parents.,我们不能只依赖父母。,He is keen on going abroad.,他渴望出国。,on+,名词构成的词组,on board,乘（车,飞机）,on call,听候召唤, on duty,值班, on earth,到底, on fire,着火, on foot,步行，,on guard,在岗，,on hire,雇用，,on holiday,度假，,on leave,休假，,on ones knees,跪下,on ones way,在,的路上,on purpose,故意, on sale,待售，,on shore,在岸上,on time,准时, on the move,行动, on the other hand,另一方面, on the spot,当场,on the tip of ones tongue,快要说出口, on top of,在,的顶部，,on watch,值班。,To,1.,动词,+to,a),动词,+ to,。介词,to,意为,“,达到，指向,”,等：,adjust to,适应, attend to,处理；照料, agree to,赞同, amount to,加起来达,，,belong to,属于, come to,达到, drink to,为,干杯，,get to,到达, happen to,发生在某人身上, hold to,紧握, lead to,通向, listen to,听, occur to,想起, object to,反对, point to,指向, respond to,回答, refer to,参考；指的是,；涉及, reply to,回答, see to,负责,stick to,坚持, turn to,求助, write to,给某人写信,例句,She must learn to adjust herself to English life.,她必须学会适应英国的生活。,Business has to be attended to.,有事要办。,An idea occurred to me.,我想出一个办法。,b),动词,(+sth.)+to+sb.,announce to,通知某人, describe to,向某人描述, explain to,向某人解释, express to,对某人表达, mention to,提及, nod to,向某人点头, report to,报告, say to,告知, shout to,对某人大叫, suggest to,对某人提建议,speak to,与某人交谈, talk to,跟某人谈话, whisper to,和某人低声耳语,例句,She suggested to me one or two suitable people for the committee.,她跟我向委员会推举了一两个合适的人选。,c),动词,+sth./sb.+ to +sth./sb,add to,增加, compare to,比作, carry to,运送至, devote to,致力于,introduce to,介绍给, invite to,邀请参加, join to,连接到, leave to,委托给,reduce to,下降至, sentence to,判处, take to,带到,例句,Please add a piece of candy to coffee.,请给咖啡加块糖。,Poets like to compare life to stage.,诗人喜欢把人生比作舞台。,2. be +,形容词,/,过去分词,+ to,be alive to,觉察；晓得,be attentive to,注意；留心, be awake to,知晓, be blind to,缺乏眼光,be close to,紧挨着, be common to,对某人来说很普通, be contrary to,违反；反对, be devoted to,致力, be deaf to,不愿意听, be equal to,有,的力量,be exposed to,暴露；遭受, be fair to,对,公平, be familiar to,对某人来说熟悉,be grateful to,对某人心存感激, be good to,对,有好处, be harmful to,对,有危害,be important to,对,重要,be kind to,友好对待, be known to,周知于,be married to,嫁给, be moved to,转移到, be near to,靠近,be necessary to,对,有必要, be opposite to,在对面, be opposed to,反对,be pleasant to,合某人之意, be proper to,专属, be polite to,礼貌待人,be rude to,粗暴对待, be relative to,与,有关, be strange to,不习惯,be similar to,类似, be suitable to,适合, be true to,忠实,be thankful to,感激, be useful to,对,有用, be used to,习惯,例句,Are you alive to what is going on?,你注意到发生什么事了吗？,The old man was not equal to the situation.,那老人不能应付这种情况。,His house is opposite to mine.,他的房子在我的房子对面。,