外研版高中英语必修四Module1知识点1

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,外研版高中英语-必修四Module1-知识点,外研版高中英语-必修四Module1-知识点外研版高中英语-必修四Module1-知识点Haze 雾霾Robot 机器人,Haze 雾霾,Robot 机器人,3,Cell phone 手机,Car 汽车,1.,would like to do,想要做某事,许多人愿意去国外旅行,Many people would like to travel abroad.,Would like to do,=feel like doing,=want sb to do,2.,be used to do 被用来做某事,刀是用来切肉的,The knife can be used to cut meet.,Be/get used to doing 习惯于,要适应另一个国家的风俗习惯很困难。,Its difficult to get used to getting another custom.,Used to do 过去常常，现在已不做,She used to work hard.,3.,make from 由制成,（看不出原材料）,纸是由木头制成的。,Paper is made from wood.,Make of 由制成,（看的出原材料）,The desk is made of wood.,桌子是由木头制成的,4.,Look like 看起来像,用于询问某人某物的外部形象,-What does the building look like?,-It looks like a building.,Whats sb./sth. Like? Be like,询问某人/某物的内在品质、个性、及天气,What is she like? She is friendly.,5.,for sure 肯定地,I think he lives there but I couldnt say for sure.,be sureof/about sth/doing sth，意为“确信.”；“对.有把握”。,If you are not sure about the situation in the world, you can read the newspaper every day.,be sure to do sth， “必定”、“必然会”、“准会”.。,He told me I was sure to get a warm welcome.,be sure + 宾语从句，意为“确信某事一定会.”。,We are sure he will make great progress this term.,Make sure 确保,6. Prediction n. 预测，预言，预报,Weather prediction,Make predictions 作预测,我对我的未来做出预测.,I make predictions about my future.,Predict v. 预知 预言 预测,It is impossible topredictwhat will happen.,7.Risky adj. 冒险的 危险的,Risk vt.冒 . 的危险；承受.的风险,At the risk of 冒危险,他冒着自己的生命危险救了我的命,He saved my life at theriskof his own.,Risk doing sth. 冒险做某事,At risk=in danger 处于危险中,8.,Certain adj. 确定的，肯定的,Itscertainthat every effect must have a cause.,比sure的语气更重 Itscertainthat 比Itssurethat 更为普遍 certain的主语是物，sure的主语 是人,9.Care for 照顾 照料 喜欢,I dontcare forthat color.,care构成的短语,Care about 关心 在意,take care of照顾 负责 处理,Take care 当心,Be careful of /with /about.小心、注意、留神,10.run out (指供应品)用完，耗尽；不多了，没有,归纳拓展,(1)run out of/use up用完；耗尽,give out用完，消耗完；用完，耗尽(某物),注意：,run out，give out是不及物动词短语，后面不能跟宾语；主语是物,run out of，use up是及物动词短语，其后可以跟宾语；主语是人,Our supplies soon ran out./Our supplies were soon run out of.,He has used up all his strength.,(2)run across偶然遇见某人或发现某物,run after追赶，追逐,run away from突然离开；从逃走，极力回避，逃避,run into偶然遇见某人；(旅行中)遇到(坏天气)；遭遇(困难、问题等),11.,rely on 依赖，依靠；信任，信赖,归纳拓展,rely on/upondepend on依赖，信任,rely on/upon sb./sth.to do.相信(依赖)某人(某物)去做,Students rely on the pictures to help them understand.,rely on sth./sb.(for.)(为生活或生存)依赖某物/某人,rely on ones own effort依靠某人自己的努力,rely on it that.指望,You may rely on it that he will come to meet you.,12.alternative n(二者当中)选一个，供选择的东西,adj.(二者当中)选其一的，供选择的,归纳拓展,(1),除外别无选择,Have no alternative but to do. =have no choice but to do,We have no alternative but to go on.,除了继续下去，我们没有选择的余地。,alternative energy替代性能源,(2)alternatively,adv,.两者挑一地,(3)alternate,v,交替；轮流,词语辨析： alternative,，choice,alternative“取舍，抉择”，一般指从两个中选择一个，只限于办法，打算等，而不能指具体事物。,choice“选择”，常用词，强调自由地选择，不论选择方式及选择对象的多少。,13.power n. 能力，力量，动力，权力；vt. 使,有力量，供以动力,Power should be used wisely.,Knowledge is,power,.,powerful,adj,. 强大的，强有力的,in power 当权的，在朝的,in ones power 为某人力所能及,out of/beyond ones power 不胜任，力所不及,come to/into power (开始)掌权，上台,take power 取得政权,辨析：power, force, strength,都含有“力”,“力量”的意思。,1)power指身体上、精神上或心理上的力量，不管是表现出来的还是潜在的。,Its,beyond,his,power,.,2)force指运用或发挥出来的力量，可以克服阻力，使人或物按要求的方向运动。,He did it with great,force,.,3)strength指内部固有的力量，表示物质力量时，着重体格或构造健全、完善等方面的力量(如体力强度等)；表示精神力量时，指持久、坚定、无畏、坚韧等。,He has the strength to lift the box.,14.To get rid of,preventing landfill,and environmental problems.,为了解决垃圾问题,目的是,防止占用土地和产生环境问题。,动词不定式作状语表目的,To know the truth of the matter, he began to investigate it.,get rid of摆脱某人,=do away with=be rid of处理 除掉某物,=excape from逃脱,If youre not going，we can get rid of the tickets.,、,归纳拓展,get across传播，为人理解；讲清楚,get about走动；(消息等)传开,get in进入；插话,get into卷入，陷入,get over从(疾病、失望等中)恢复过来；克服(困难)，解决(问题等),get together相聚，聚集,15.load,vt,.装；装载,n.负荷；重担；装载量,load into,装入,load into a boat,(人)上船,load sth into the hold,把装入船舱,load onto,把装在上,load sth with,给加上,给装上,They are loading the truck with bricks.,16.,arrest v.逮捕;拘留;吸引;n.逮捕;拘留,The police arrested the thief.,Her warning tone arrested my attention.,get arrested被捕,arrest ones attention引起某人的注意,be under arrest被拘留,17.,limit n(事物的)界限；限度；极限 vt.限定；限制,归纳拓展,(1)set a limit toput a limit on限制；对加以限制,to the limit达到极点,within limits适度地，有限地,(2)limit sth.to限定；把限制在,(,3)limited,adj,.有限的，受限制的;,limited,adj,.无限的,be limited to局限于,例句：,They attempt to set a limit on consumer waste.,No fishing is allowed within a twentymile limit.,I limit myself to three glasses of beer a day.,Within：在之内 In 与时间连用,within可以用于时间、空间、地点、事情,18.,command,n,命令；指令；掌握；司令部,vt.& vi.,命令，指挥控制，支配；博得；俯瞰,The army is under the kings,command.,军队由国王直接统率。,The general,commanded,his men to attack the city.,将军下令他的部下攻城。,My boss,commanded,that I (should) get there at once.,老板命令我立即去那里。,The fire officer took,command,，,ordering everyone to leave the building.,消防员开始指挥大家离开大楼。,Order,n.顺序；条理；订单；命令；秩序；阶层；生目；点的东西,He gave his,order,to the waiter.他把他点的东西告诉服务员了。,v.命令；定购；调整；整理；点餐；预定，订货,He,ordered,three new suits for himeself.他给自己定购了三套西装。,in order to 为了做某事,In order that为了,19.chargevt.收费，要价；控告；给充电 n费用；指责；控告；责任,The police,charged,him with careless driving.,The hotel,charged,me 10 for a room for one night.,He was left,in charge of,the shop while the manager was away.,The park is open to the public,free of charge.,20.attach v系；贴；连接；把,固定；使附属；重视,精讲拓展：,attach.to.把,固定到,，,把,附在,attach oneself to参加；和,在一起,attach ones name to在,上签名,有联系,，,与,有关联,be attached to依恋,，,爱慕,，,附属于,重要/有价值,Its easy to become,attached,to the children you work with. Too attached, sometimes.,Its easy to let the emotions,attached,to one situation spill over into others.,Grammar,(3)be to do: 注定要发生的事，表示命令、吩咐、禁止、职责、义务,；在问句中表示征 求意见,（4）be about to do 正要或即将发生的事儿 He is about to leave,when the bell rang.铃声响的时候，他正要离开,（5）祈使句+and/or+主语+will+谓语,Study hard, or you wont catch up with others.,(6)用于时间、条件状语从句中,“主将从现”主句用将来时，从句用一般 现在时。,If it doesnt rain ,we will go for a walk.,注: wil 和be going to 的区别,Will 表示没有事先考虑临时决定要去做某事,be going to 事先考虑好的打算、意图,Im going to have a picnic this weekend,Ann is in hospital.I will go and visit her.,Will 表示较远的将来；,be going to 事情很快就要发生,Its going to rain soon.,He will go abroad in the future.,将来进行时,将来进行时由助动词will/shall be现在分词构成,。will be 用于各类，,shall be用于第一人称,。,(1)将来进行时的用法,表示将来某一段时间或某时刻正在进行的动作,。,This time tomorrow I shall be flying to New York.,明天这个时候我将飞往纽约,。,When you come, we shall be having an English lesson.,你来的时候,，,我们将正在上英语课,。,Dont call me up at ten oclock in the evening; I shall be sleeping then.,不要在晚上10点钟打电话来,，,那时我正在睡觉,。,表示说话人感到某事即将发生或按计划预计要发生,。,We shall be holding a League meeting tonight.,我们今晚要开团员会,。,I shall be taking the driving test next week.,下周我将参加驾驶考试,。,What time will he be arriving at the airport?,他预计几点钟到达机场？,(2)将来进行时和一般将来时的区别,两者都表示将来的行为,，,但将来进行时表示主观上感觉某事即将发生而不表示个人意愿,，,往往有表示将来某时间的状语；一般将来时单纯表示将来；am/is/are going to多用在口语中,，,常表示个人意愿或某事不可避免即将发生,。,Mr. Li will be teaching us Chinese next term.,下学期李先生将教我们中文,。,(说话人感觉此事将发生),Mr. Li will teach us Chinese next term.,下学期李先生将教我们中文,。,(单纯表示将来),.根据英文释义及首字母提示写出单词,1,(,adj,.) available as another possibility or choice,2,(,v,.) (of a person or a gun) to shoot off (bullets),3,(,vt,.) fasten or join sth. (to sth.),4,(,vt,.) seize (sb.) with the authority of the law,5,(,n,.) price asked for goods or services,6,(,n,.) an activity that you do for pleasure or,amusement,7,(,adj,.) using the suns energy,8,(,n,.) the state of being disabled,alternative,fire,attach,arrest,charge,disability,recreation,solar,Words,.根据所给词性及汉语释义写出单词,1,n,罪；罪行,n,罪犯；犯人,2,n,预测,v,预测,3,adj,.危险的；冒险的,n,&,v,冒险,4,vi,.依赖；依靠,adj,.可靠的，可信赖的,5,vt,.装；装载,vt,.卸(货),6,n,&,v,限制,adj,.有限的,7,n,&,v,命令；指令,n,指挥官,8,vt,.提供动力,n,.权力；力量,adj,.强大的,crime,criminal,rely,crime,predict,risky,risk,reliable,load,unload,limit,limited,command,commander,power,powerful,1risky,adj.,危险的，冒险的,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)No one knows for sure, and making predictions is a,risky,business.,谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。,(鲜活例句)Investing such a large amount of money at the present time is too risky.,目前，投入大笔资金太冒险了。,Key points,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,risk,n,. &,v,t,. 冒险,risk doing sth. 冒险做某事,at risk 处于危险中,at the risk of 冒,的危险,take a risk/risks 冒险,We dont want to risk becoming involved in a civil war.,我们不想冒卷入内战的危险。,点津,risk作动词时后接名词、代词或动名词，不接不定式。,On May 8, 2012, Zhang Lili, a middle school teacher, pushed her two students out of the way of an coming bus,her life.,2012年5月8日，在一辆汽车冲向学生时，中学老师张丽莉冒着生命危险，推开了自己的两个学生。,at the risk of losing,2load,vt.,装；装载,n.,装载；工作量；(精神方面的)负担,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)To get rid of garbage problems, the city will,load,huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing landfill and environmental problems.,为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射，以防止垃圾填埋和环境问题。,(鲜活例句)The poor woman was loaded down with family responsibilities.,这个可怜的女人承受着沉重的家庭负担。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,They are loading the fruits onto a truck.,They are loading a truck with the fruits.,他们正向卡车上装水果。,Language itself is an empty cart; it must,spiritual purposes.,语言本身是一辆空车，它必须装载精神意图。,The truck was carrying a load of bananas.,这辆卡车装着一车香蕉。,The news took a load off my mind.,这个消息解除了我的思想顾虑。,be loaded with,3command,n,命令；指令,v.,命令；指挥；控制,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice,commands,to place orders.,将来所有的购物将会在网上进行，商品目录将会有语音指令供人下订单。,(鲜活例句)I advised him to command his temper.,我劝他控制自己的脾气。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,(1)at ones command 听某人吩咐,in command of 指挥；控制,have (a) good command of 熟练掌握；精通,(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事,command that主语(should)动词原形,命令某人做某事,Im here at our managers command.,我听从我们经理的吩咐来到这儿。,Applicants will be expected to have (a) good command of English.,申请人必须精通英语。,He commanded the soldiers to shut the gate.,他命令士兵们把大门关上。,Our boss commanded we all,market information.,老板命令我们都去搜集市场信息。,(should) go to collect,点津,command后接that从句作宾语时，从句中的谓语动词要使用虚拟语气，即,“(should)动词原形”的形式，should可以省略。相似用法的词还有require, request, demand, suggest, recommend, order等。,4charge,n,费用；价钱；负责；掌管,v,. 收费；要价；指控,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of,charge,by the city.,所有的娱乐形式，如电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他娱乐都将由该城市免费提供。,(鲜活例句)They charge a heavy tax on imported wine.,他们对进口酒征收重税。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,(1)in charge of负责；主管(主语常为人),in the charge of 在,负责下(主语常为物),take charge of 接管；掌管(主语常为人),free of charge 免费,(2)charge sb. for sth. 因,向某人收费,charge sb. with . 指控某人犯有,罪,He was left in charge of the shop while the manager was away.,经理不在时，他被留下掌管这家商店。,The class is in the charge of Mr Wang.,这个班由王老师管理。,The department was badly organized until he took charge of it.,这个部门在他掌管以前管理得很差。,You can get the book,.,你可以免费得到这本书。,How much do you charge for making a suit?,做一套衣服要多少钱？,He,stealing.,他被指控犯有盗窃罪。,free of charge,was charged with,5attach,vt,.系；贴；连接；认为有(重要性),(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras,attached,to their head.,通过系在头上的高科技照相机，行动不便的老年人和身体有残疾的人就能周游世界。,(鲜活例句)She attached a stamp to the envelope and mailed it.,她在信封上贴上邮票然后寄了出去。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.,我们要把发展经济放在第一位。,This hospital,the medical college nearby.,这个医院附属于附近的那所医学院。,I am very attached to that old picture.,我很喜欢那幅古画。,attach . to .把,附在,上,be attached to 附属于,；依恋于,is attached to,1,sure 肯定地,2run,(某物)用完；不多了；没有了,3rely,/upon 依赖；依靠,4get rid,除掉；处理掉,5place,订购,6free,charge 免费,7carry,实行；执行,8use,用完,for,out,on,of,orders,of,out,up,Important phrases,1for sure肯定地,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(鲜活例句)I think he lives there but I cant say for sure.,我想他是住在那里的，但我不敢肯定。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,make sure of,/about/,that .弄清楚；确保,be sure of,/about/,that . 确信；对,有把握,be sure to do sth. 一定会,to be sure 诚然，固然,They have made full preparations to make sure that the visit goes well.,为使参观顺利进行，他们进行了充分的准备。,He is sure of his success. He is sure that he will succeed.,他自信他会成功。,Its a really good film youre,it.,它确实是一部好电影，你一定会喜欢的。,World Expo in Yeosu, Korea,close successfully on August 12, 2012.,在韩国丽水举办的世博会肯定会在2012年8月12日成功结束。,sure to like,was sure to,2run out(某物)用完；不多了；没有了,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resources,run out.,在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。,(鲜活例句)Wed just reached the motorway when the petrol,ran out.,我们刚开到高速公路上，汽油就耗完了。,(鲜活例句)Conditions are getting worse and supplies are running out.,情况变得越来越糟而且供应品也快用完了。,(二)明辨易混失误防范,比较run out, run out of,run out,(,become used up),“,被用完,”,，是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词,run out of,“,用完,”,，是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，主语一般是人,用run out和run out of填空,We must act quickly because time is,.,We have,sugar, so I must buy some more.,running out,run out of,3rely on/upon 依赖；依靠,(一)背诵佳句培养语感,(教材原句)We will also have to,rely,more,on,alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.,我们也将必须更多地依赖替代性能源，比如太阳能和风能。,(鲜活例句)Nowadays we rely increasingly on computers for help.,现在我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。,(二)归纳拓展全析考点,You cant rely on/upon your parents to lend/lending you money.,你不能只指望父母借给你钱。,You may,that I shall help you.,你或许可以指望我会帮助你。,rely on it,1,句型展示,To get rid of garbage problems, the city will,load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun,preventing landfill and environmental,problems,.,为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射，这样做可以防止垃圾填埋和环境问题。,典例背诵,He dropped the glasses on the ground, bursting it into pieces.,他把眼镜掉在了地上，眼镜摔得粉碎。,Important sentences,2,句型展示,Everyone will be given a telephone nu,mber at birth that will never change,no,_,matter,_,where,_,they,_,live,.,每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。,典例背诵,No matter what happens tomorrow, hold on to today and you wont regret.,无论明天发生什么，只要紧紧抓住今天，你就不会后悔。,3,句型展示,Distance surgery will become common as,doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away,with,each,city,having,its,own,telesurgery,outpatient,clinic,.,医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。,典例背诵,She saw a small river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.,她看到一条小河，两岸长满了红花绿草。,1Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that,will never change,no,_,matter,_,where,_,they,_,live,.,每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。,(1),no matter where they live,是由no matterwhere引导的让,步状语从句。no matter“无论,；不管,”，后接what/who/which/where/when/how等疑问词。,Revision,No matter what difficulties they may come across, they will help one another to get over them.,无论他们遇到什么困难，都会相互帮助去克服。,he tried, he couldnt get her to change her mind.,不管他怎样努力，也没能使她改变主意。,(2)“疑问词ever”也可引导让步状语从句，此时相当于“no,matter疑问词”。但“疑问词ever”除引导让步状语从句外还可引导名词性从句，而“no matter疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。,No matter how hard,Whatever (,No matter what) you do, you must be very careful.,不管做什么事，你都要很认真。,Whoever ( No matter who) you are, Ill never let you in.,无论你是谁，我都不会让你进去的。,You can choose,you like in the shop.,你可以在商店中选择任何你喜欢的东西。,Whoever breaks the law will be punished.,无论是谁犯了法，都要受到惩罚。,whatever,2Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry,out operations from thousands of miles away,with,_,each,_,city,_,having,_,its,_,own,_,telesurgery,_,outpatient,_,clinic,.,医生在几千英里以外为病人动手术的远程治疗成为常事，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所。,with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic,为with的复合结构，即,“with宾语宾补”，其中each city作宾语，现在分词短语having .作宾补。,with的复合结构在句中作状语或定语，作状语时，表示伴随状况、方式、原因等。在该结构中作宾补的成分可以是现在分词(表主动)、过去分词(表被动)、动词不定式(表将来)、形容词、副词或介词短语等。,The weather was even colder with the wind blowing.,因为有风，天气更冷了。,All the afternoon he worked in the house,.,整个下午他都锁着门在屋里工作。,with the door locked,I cant go out,.,有这么多衣服要洗，我没法出去。,Dont sleep with the door and windows open.,不要开着门窗睡觉。,with so many clothes to wash,谢谢大家！,结 语,