机械密封高级培训教程

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second Level,Third Level,Fourth Level,Fifth Level,AESSEAL,高级培训教程,PRESENTED BY,A.E.S. C,hina,Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,国际工程集团有限公司使用,AESSEAL,商标 , 是机械密封领域内世界一流专家,是欧美密封行业最大的公司之一，公司专业设计、制造和提供高标准精密机械密封和密封辅助系统,，,主要有泵用机封和釜用机封两大类，同时根据客户要求提供特殊设计的产品。,AESSEAL,的产品通过150多个分销商销往世界各地，其产品广泛应用于石油化工、电力、钢铁、食品、造船、造纸等各行业，曾获得“英国女王工业奖”及“2000年具有最佳发展前景的企业奖”。,A.E.S.,公司简介,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,公司以智能化软件设计、最先进的生产技术和设备、多种模块式元件的组合及通过,ISO9001,体系认证的产品设计为客户提供快捷、方便的服务,。,我们对本公司的密封产品提供全球技术支持服务，包括24小时服务和现场的工程技术服务。我们引以为荣的是通过合理安排及大规模生产而比其它供货商节约25%的费用，而这部分节约的生产成本通过产品价格已让利给我们的客户。,A.E.S.,中国,有限公司是,A.E.S.,公司在中国的唯一一家子公司,其产品全部为英国,A.E.S.,公司原装进口,按,A.E.S.,公司标准建立了最严格的销售及技术服务体系，让客户得到最可靠、最满意的服务是我们公司的宗旨。,GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY,CENTRE,Mill Close, Rotherham,Copyright 1999 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,A.E.S.,全球技术中心,EUROPEAN,REPRESENTATION,DISTRIBUTOR,AESSEAL GROUP,Copyright 1999 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,分销商,A.E.S.,公司,A.E.S.,公司欧洲分布,Copyright 1999 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,INTERNATIONAL REPRESENTATION,DISTRIBUTOR,AESSEAL GROUP,A.E.S.,公司国际分布,分销商,A.E.S.,公司,宁波,A.E.S. ENGINEERING Ltd.,获得的奖章和国际认证,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1999 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,1987 -,ISO 9001,1988 - Queens Award for Technological Achievement,技术成就女王奖,1993 -,Queens Award for Export Achievement,出口成就女王奖,1994 -,Investors in People Award,投资人力资源奖,1995 -,Queens Award for Export Achievement,出口成就女王奖,1997 -,Rotherham Winners in,Business,R,otheerham,商业赢家奖,1997 -,Investors in People Award,投资人力资源奖,1998 -,Natwest Sunday Times Business Enterprise,Award finalist,星期日泰晤士报未来企业奖,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Complete Product Range,完整的产品系列,Seals for Pumps,泵用密封,Seals for,Mixers,釜用密封,Seal Support Systems,密封辅助系统,IN 4489,A.E.S.,公司产品系列,A.E.S. Engineering Ltd, advanced,testing and manufacturing,IN 4489,A.E.S.,的优势最先进的生产和测试系统,A.E.S.,的优势智能化,I.T.,系统,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd,.,A.E.S.,的优势良好的培训,Stores, UK,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,的优势完善的库存,A.E.S.,的优势,生产现场管理,Copyright 1998 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,的优势精良的生产设备,Good design &,materials (of construction),Maintenance (installation),Operations (Production) Fluid Film,What do we need,for,Equipment Reliability?,我们需要做什么来提高设备的可靠性,好的设计和制作材料,安装和维护,操作（形成稳定液膜）,70%,OF PUMPS, FAIL DUE TO SEAL RELATED PROBLEMS,70%,泵的故障是由于密封出现问题,80%,OF MAINTENANCE BUDGETS ARE CONSUMED BY,20%,OF PLANT,80%,的维修预算被20%的设备所消耗,24%,OF MECHANICAL SEALS FAIL PREMATURELY, DUE TO INCORRECT FITTING,24%,的机械密封过早地失效是由于不正确的安装,14%,OF MECHANICAL SEALS FAIL PREMATURELY, DUE TO FLUSH FLOW INTERRUPTIONS,.,14%的机械密封过早地失效是由于冲洗液中断,GLOBAL STATISTICS,Reference,:,Institute Of Mechanical Engineers,British Pump Manufacturers Association,全球统计,Question -,How much does,water really,cost you ?,数量,1,drop/sec,2 drop/sec,Small stream,1/16” stream,1/8” stream,3/16” stream,1/4” stream,体积/时间,34,US galls/month,100 us galls/month,700 US galls/month,2,500 US galls/month,7,800 US galls/month,12,750 US galls/month,27,750 US galls/month,泄漏金钱损失,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,泵的基本结构,油封,轴,轴承压盖,泵座,地脚螺栓,密封腔体,泵体,叶轮,叶轮螺母,填料（机械密封）压盖,轴承箱,填料（机械密封）,轴承,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,什么是机械密封？,机械密封也称端面密封，其至少有一对垂直于旋转轴线的端面，该端面在流体压力及补偿机械弹力的作用下，加之辅助密封的配合，与另一端面保持贴合并相对转动，从而防止流体泄漏。,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,机械密封的组成,A.,由静环和动环组成的一对密封端面，也称摩擦副。,B.,以弹性元件为主的补偿缓冲机构（弹簧、波纹管）。,C.,辅助密封圈(O,形、,V,形、橡胶皮碗等）,D,.,使动环和轴一起旋转的传动机构。,E.,其它零部件（轴套、压盖、定位销、垫片等）,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,为什么要使用机械密封,密封性能好,使用寿命长,轴或轴套无磨损,轴功率消耗小,不需经常调整,应用范围广,机械密封分类,单端面和双端面,内装式和外装式,平衡型与非平衡型,弹簧内置式和弹簧外置式,弹簧式和波纹管式,普通两部件式和集装式,多（小）弹簧型和单（大）弹簧型,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,机械密封原理,液膜的形成,摩擦/热,杂质,/,固体颗粒,工艺流体,动环,静环,密封腔体,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,轴,什么是液膜,?,单端面密封,工艺流体,冷却液,双端面密封,缓冲液（低压）,隔离液（高压）,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,端面干接触 / “干磨”,过度磨损,产生大量摩擦热,固体颗粒损坏端面,如没有液膜形成会发生什么,?,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,提供润滑,防止端面直接接触,减少摩擦热的生成,防止固体颗粒损坏端面,液膜能帮助我们做什么,?,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,工艺流体汽化,/,腐蚀率增加,液膜的状态发生改变,/,固体颗粒沉积,摩擦热带来的后果,减少或无法形成液膜,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,液膜汽化和固体颗粒形成,机械密封成功的关键,“,形成并保持一种稳定的液膜”,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,最初的轴封盘根,缺点：,泄漏量大（每分钟约7滴),轴磨损严重,轴功率损耗大,经常需要调整,使用寿命短,优点：,价格低廉,安装方便,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,第一代机械密封,（,分离式、非平衡型、单个大弹簧,）,优点：,初始价格较低,缺点：,容易产生人为安装误差,弹簧和介质接触易堵塞,O,形圈及动静环材质不过关,动环受弹簧力不均,端面比压受介质影响大,使用寿命低,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,第二代机械密封,（分离式、多弹簧）,优点：,动环受弹簧力均匀,价格较低,缺点：,同第一代机械密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,第三代机械密封,（,卡式或集装式,）,优点：,无人为安装误差,弹簧不与介质接触不会堵塞,优异的,O,形圈及动静环材质,密封环有良好的补偿性,O,形圈无磨损,设计寿命3年,缺点：,初始价格较贵,轴的磨损,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,轴 的 磨 损,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,作用在机械密封上,的主要力,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,径向力,轴向力,轴径,A,B,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,非平衡型密封,FORCE & PRESSURE INCREASE,A,B,200,lbf,A = 8,sq,. in.,B = 4,sq,. in.,顶端压强,=,200,= 25,lbf,/ in,2,8,末端压强,=,200,= 50,lbf,/ in,2,4,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,压强对比,FORCE & PRESSURE DECREASE,A,B,200,lbf,顶端压强,=,200,= 50,lbf,/ in,2,4,末端压强,=,200,= 25,lbf,/ in,2,8,A = 4,sq,. in.,B = 8,sq,. in,.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,压强对比,非平衡型机械密封,=,压力梯度,力 =,压强,X,面积,实例:,密封腔压强,= 100,PSI,密封面积,= 2,sq,. in,闭合力,= 2,sq,. in X 100 PSI = 200,lbs,张开力,= 2,sq,. in X 50 PSI = 100,lbs,200,lbs,- 100,lbs,= 100,lbs,闭合力,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,工艺介质,动环,静环,密封腔体,轴,平衡型密封,=,压力梯度,力 =,压强,X,面积,实例:,密封腔压强,= 100,PSI,密封面积,= 1,sq,. in,闭合力,= 1,sq in X 100 PSI = 100,lbs,张开力,= 2,sq,. in X 50 PSI = 100,lbs,100,lbs,- 100,lbs,= 0,lbs,闭合力,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,工艺介质,轴套,动环,静环,密封腔体,轴,为什么要采用平衡型机械密封,密封的工艺介质压力较高,减小,PV,值，降低端面比压,产生较少热量,减少端面磨损或变形,减少转矩,真空密封,降低轴功率损耗,端面材质选择范围广,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A SELECTION OF AESSEALS FOLLOW,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,系列产品分类,动环组件,SAI,TM,NCE,TM,CS,TM,静环组件,L,型,T,型,USI,型,泵用集装式密封,单端面泵用集装式密封,Convertor,TM,SCUSI,TM,CURC,TM,Bi,-Metal CURC,TM,SMSS,TM,CURE,TM,双端面泵用集装式密封,CDSA,TM,Bi,-Metal CDSA,TM,DMSF,TM,腔式泵密封,PCPS,TM,剖分式密封,RDS,TM,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,非金属元件密封,FI-DSNM,TM,L-SEAL,TM,FI-DSNM-R,TM,搅拌器密封,密封组件,ESM,TM,NCM,TM,Buffer,Canister,TM,搅拌器集装式密封,CSM,TM,CDM,TM,CDMSC,TM,CSWIB,TM,DSWIB,TM,Mixmaster ,TM,Mixmaster ,TM,Mixmaster ,TM,金属波纹管密封系列,BSAI,TM,BSIV,TM,BQFD,TM,BDQD,TM,辅助系统,PUMPPAC,TM,SSE10,TM,AS15,TM,SAI,动环组件和,L,型静环,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SAI,动环组件,和,USI ,型静环,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,NCE -,应用于非化学工 况,的外置式密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,代替盘根的最佳集装式密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SCUSI,TM,短型单端面集装式机械密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,CURC,TM,单端面集装式机械密封,唇封,迷宫式密封,油封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,一个压盖,- 3,种选择方式,SMSS,TM,单端面整装固定型集装,式机械密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,CDSA,TM,双端面集装式机械密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Bi,-Metal CDSA,TM,具备合金部件的双端面集装式机械密封,RDS,TM,剖分式机械密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1999 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,DMSF,TM,双端面整装固定型,集装式密封,金属波纹管系列密封,Copyright 2000 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,.,Increases Seal Life,50%,More Bellows,TM,12,50 %,Extra,Industry Standard,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,PCPS,TM,腔式泵系列密封,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,搅拌器系列密封,FLOW,FLOW,Dual Seal,Seal Return Pipe,Seal Feed Pipe,Vessel,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,密封辅助系统系列,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,A.E.S.,集装式机械密封的基本结构,动环,静环,静环胶圈,弹簧,防转销钉,定位环,驱动螺钉,唇封,冷却孔,压盖,压盖垫片,弹簧套桶,轴套,轴套胶圈,套筒胶圈,补偿环,（以,CURC,TM,为例）,为什么要使用集装式密封,“,集装式机械密封已经成为,引导市场的潮流”,安装简便,提高了使用可靠性,适合于多种型式的泵,降低维修率，使用寿命长,增加了生产利润,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,特点：,密封端面的材质,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Glass Filled Teflon,（,填充聚四氟乙烯）,Carbon,（,碳石墨）,Stainless Steel,（,不锈钢）,Ceramic,（,陶瓷）,Chrome Oxide,（,氧化铬）,Tungsten Carbide,（,碳化钨）,Silicon Carbide,（,碳化硅）,硬端面的材质,硬度对比,Silicon Carbide,Ceramic,Chrome Oxide,Solid Tungsten Carbide,10 =,硬,1 =,软,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,硬端面的材质,耐腐蚀性对比,Silicon Carbide,Ceramic,Chrome Oxide,Solid Tungsten Carbide,4 = Good,1 = Poor,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,硬端面的材质,散热性对比,Silicon Carbide,Solid Tungsten Carbide,Chrome Oxide,Ceramic,10 = Good,1 = Poor,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,硬端面的材质,脆性对比,Chrome Oxide,Solid Tungsten Carbide,Ceramic,Silicon Carbide,4 = Good,1 = Poor,* Chox on SS,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,端 面 组 合,动 环,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,适用的介质,石油类液体,润滑剂,硅树脂液体,卤化烃,一些酸,某些磷酸脂,不适用的介质,Skydrol,胺,酮,热水,热蒸汽,刹车液,温 度 适 用 范 围,- 20,o,C to + 204,o,C,Viton / Fluorocarbon,橡胶,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,适用的介质,水,一些石油产品,不适用的介质,仅有限使用在低档密封中,Nitrile,/,Buna,N,橡胶,适 用 温 度 范 围,- 40,o,C to + 105,o,C,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Aflas,橡胶,适用的介质,油和润滑油,热水,一些酸,多种类型的溶剂,液压液,不适用的介质,醚,一些氯化溶剂,酮,醋酸,氟利昂,温 度 适 用 范 围,- 30,o,C to + 204,o,C,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,EPR,橡胶,适用的介质,刹车液,热水,蒸汽,腐蚀性介质,磷酸脂,不适用的介质,石油流体,润滑剂,适用温度范围,- 57,o,C,to + 150,o,C,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Kalrez,橡胶,适用的介质,几乎所有化学品,不适用的介质,4079 (,丙烯酸或乙烯酸),Certain metals act as a catalyst and tend to cause de-polymerisation,适用温度范围,- 30,o,C,to + 306,o,C,*,*,Refers to 4079 - for hot water / steam use 3018,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,环 境 控 制 组 件,密封腔盖,冲洗孔,-,API 11 / 32,冷却孔,-,API 62,排放孔,-,API 13,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,密封腔盖环境,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,双端面密封,DOUBLE-,API PLAN 53,高压隔离液,TANDEM -,API PLAN 52,低压缓冲液,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,11,Bar,10,Bar,内端,11,Barg - 10 Barg,= 1 Bar,11,Bar,0,Bar,外端,11,Barg - 0 Barg,= 11 Barg,介质压力,双端面机械密封内外端压力差别,面对面密封,“,WHAT PRICE SAFETY ?”,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,具有节流套的冲洗结构,API PLAN 32,API PLAN 11,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,API PLAN 11,API PLAN 32,不具有节流套的冲洗结构,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,冷却液由外部提供，通常采用加装一只贮液罐的形式,API PLAN 62,冷却,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,To suction or casing vent,正确的泄放口安装方式,API PLAN 13,CASING VENT,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,API PLAN 13,CASING VENT,不正确的泄放口安装方式,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,流体,流体,压力调节阀,压力测量,流量控制阀,密封检测装备,外部供给,排出,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,FLOW,流向,双端面密封,密封测试系统,回流管,流入管,器皿,密封和罐的水平距离,不超过1,m,密封和罐的垂直距离,不超过0,.7,m,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SSE SYSTEM P1,缓冲液系统,CODE VSE/SP01,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SSE SYSTEM P2,基本压力系统,CODE VSE/SP02,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SSE SYSTEM P6,完全压力系统,CODE VSE/SP06,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,SSE SYSTEM W2,标准水循环系统,CODE VSE/SW02,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,强制隔离液循环系统,PUMPPAC,SELFDRIVE,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,机械密封的安装设 备 检 测,轴的检测,轴的直线度,轴尺寸,轴的平衡性,轴边缘,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,机械密封的安装设 备 检 测,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,轴跳动,同心度,垂直度,净空间,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,盘根的安装,机械密封的安装,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,普通两部件机械密封的安装,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,普通双端面机封的安装,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,卡式机械密封的安装,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,固体颗粒在端面上的堆积,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,机械密封端面的冲洗,3,A Bearing,Braket,35mm,Copyright 1997 A.E.S. Engineering Ltd.,泵和机械密封制图,WILL WE SAVE SASOL,MONEY ?,WE ALREADY HAVE !,我们已经成功！,THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME,还会做的更好.,