固体物理专业术语

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,一维晶格 One-dimensional crystal lattice,一维单原子链 One-dimensional monatomic chain,一维双原子链 One-dimensional diatomic chain,一维复式格子One-dimensional compound lattice,1,二维晶格 Two-dimensional crystal lattice,二度轴 Twofold axis,二度对称轴 Twofold axis of symmetry,几何结构因子 Geometrical structure factor,2,三斜晶系 Triclinic system,三方晶系 Trigonal system,三斜晶系 Triclinic system,刃位错 Edge dislocation,小角晶界 Low angle grain boundary,马德隆常数 Madelung constant,3,元素晶体 Element crystal,元素的电负性 Electronegativities of elements,元素的电离能 Ionization energies of the elements,元素的内聚能 Cohesive energies of the elements,六方密堆积 Hexagonal close-packed,六方晶系 Hexagonal system,4,反演 Inversion,分子晶体 Molecular Crystal,切变模量 Shear module,双原子链 Diatomic linear chain,介电常数 Dielectric constant,化学势 Chemical potential,内能 Internal energy,5,分布函数 Distribution function,夫伦克耳缺陷 Frenkel defect,比热 Specific heat,中子散射 Neutron scattering,6,布喇菲格子 Bravais lattice,布洛赫函数 Bloch function,布洛赫定理 Bloch theorem,布拉格反射 Bragg reflection,布里渊区 Brillouin zone,布里渊区边界 Brillouin zone boundary,布里渊散射 Brillouin scattering,7,正格子 Direct lattice,正交晶系 Orthorhombic crystal system,正则振动 Normal vibration,正则坐标 Normal coordinates,立方晶系 Cubic crystal system,立方密堆积 Cubic close-packed,四方晶系 Tetragonal crystal system,8,对称操作 Symmetry operation,对称群 Symmetric group,正交化平面波 Orthogonalized plane wave,电子-晶格相互作用 Electron-lattice interaction,电子热容量 Electronic heat capacity,电阻率 Electrical resistivity,电导率 Conductivity,9,电子亲合势 Electron affinity,电子气的动能 Kinetic energy of electron gas,电子气的压力 Pressure of electron gas,电子分布函数 Electron distribution function,电负性 Electronegativity,电磁声子 Electromagnetic phonon,功函数 Work function,10,长程力 Long-range force,立方晶系 Cubic system,平面波方法 plane wave method,平移对称性 Translation symmetry,平移对称操作 Translation symmetry operator,平移不变性 Translation invariance,石墨结构 Graphite structure,闪锌矿结构 Blende structure,11,负电性 Electronegativity,共价结合 Covalent binding,共价键 Covalent bond,共价晶体 Covalent crystals,共价键的饱和 Saturation of covalent bonds,光学模 Optical modes,光学支 Optical branch,12,光散射 Light scattering,红外吸收 Infrared absorption,压缩系数 Compressibility,扩散系数 Diffusion coefficient,扩散的激活能 Activation energy of diffusion,共价晶体 Covalent Crystal,价带 Valence band,导带 Conduction band,自扩散 Self-diffusion,有效质量 Effective mass,13,有效电荷 Effective charges,弛豫时间 Relaxation time,弛豫时间近似 Relaxation-time approximation,扩展能区图式 Extended zone scheme,自由电子模型 Free electron model,自由能 Free energy,杂化轨道 Hybrid orbit,14,纯金属 Ideal metal,体心立方 Body-centered cubic,体心四方布喇菲格子,Body-centered tetragonal Bravais lattices,卤化碱晶体 Alkali-halide crystal,劳厄衍射 Laue diffraction,间隙原子 Interstitial atom,间隙式扩散 Interstitial diffusion,肖特基缺陷 Schottky defect,15,位错 Dislocation,滑移 Slip,晶界 Grain boundaries,伯格斯矢量 Burgers vector,杜隆-珀替定律 Dulong-Petits law,粉末衍射 Powder diffraction,里查孙-杜师曼方程,Richardson-Dushman equation,克利斯托夫方程 Christofell equation,克利斯托夫模量Christofell module,16,位移极化 Displacement polarization,声子 Phonon,声学支 Acoustic branch,应力 Stress 应变 Strain,切应力 Shear stress,切应变 Shear strain,17,周期性重复单元 Periodic repeated unit,底心正交格子 Base-centered orthorhombic lattice,底心单斜格工 Base-centered monoclinic lattices,单斜晶系 Monoclinic crystal system,金刚石结构 Diamond structure,金属的结合能 Cohesive energy of metals,金属晶体 Metallic Crystal,18,转动轴 Rotation axes,转动-反演轴 Rotation-inversion axes,转动晶体法 Rotating crystal method,空间群 Space group,空位 Vacancy,范德瓦耳斯相互作用 Van der Waals interaction,19,金属性结合 Metallic binding,单斜晶系 Monoclinic system,单电子近似 Single-erection approximation,极化声子 Polarization phonon,拉曼散射 Raman scattering,态密度 Density of states,铁电软模 Ferroelectrics soft mode,20,空穴 Hole,万尼尔函数 Wannier function,平移矢量 Translation vector,非谐效应 Anharmonic effect,周期性边界条件 Periodic boundary condition,21,玻尔兹曼方程 Boltzman equation,点群 Point groups,迪. 哈斯范. 阿耳芬效应,De HassVan Alphen effect,胡克定律 Hookes law,氢键 Hydrogen bond,亲合势 Affinity,重迭排斥能 Overlap repulsive energy,22,结合能 Cohesive energy,玻恩-卡门边界条件,Born-Karman boundary condition,费密-狄喇克分布函数,Fermi-Dirac distribution function,费密电子气的简并性,Degeneracy of free electron Fermi gas,费密 Fermi,费密能 Fermi energy,23,费密能级 Fermi level,费密球 Fermi sphere,费密面 Fermi surface,费密温度 Fermi temperature,费密速度 Fermi velocity,费密半径 Fermi radius,恢复力常数 Constant of restorable force,绝热近似 Adiabatic approximation,24,原胞 Primitive cell,原胞基矢 Primitive vectors,倒格子 Reciprocal lattice,倒格子原胞 Primitive cell of the reciprocal lattice,倒格子空间 Reciprocal space,25,倒格点 Reciprocal lattice point,倒格子基矢,Primitive translation vectors of the reciprocal lattice,倒格矢,Reciprocal lattice vector,粉末法 Powder method,原子散射因子 Atomic scattering factor,配位数 Coordination number,26,原子和离子半径 Atomic and ionic radii,原子轨道线性组合,Linear combination of atomic orbits,离子晶体的结合能,Cohesive energy of inert crystals,离解能 Dissociation energy,离子键 Ionic bond,27,离子晶体 Ionic Crystal,离子性导电 Ionic conduction,洛伦兹比 Lorenz ratio,魏德曼佛兰兹比 WeidemannFranz ratio,缺陷的迁移 Migration of defects,缺陷的浓度 Concentrations of lattice defects,爱因斯坦 Einstein,爱因斯坦频率 Einstein frequency,爱因斯坦温度 Einstein temperature,28,格波 Lattice wave,格林爱森常数 Gruneisen constant,索末菲理论 Sommerfeld theory,热电子发射 Thermionic emission,热容量 Heat capacity,热导率 Thermal conductivity,热膨胀 Thermal expansion,能带 Energy band,能隙 Energy gap,29,能带的简约能区图式,Reduced zone scheme of energy band,能带的周期能区图式,Repeated zone scheme of energy band,30,能带的扩展能区图式,Extended zone scheme of energy band,配分函数 Partition function,准粒子 Quasi- particle,准动量 Quasi- momentum,准自由电子近似,Nearly free electron approximation,31,第一布里渊区 First Brillouin zone,密堆积 Close-packing,密勒指数 Miller indices,接触电势差 Contact potential difference,基元 Basis,基矢 Basis vector,弹性形变 Elastic deformation,32,排斥能Repulsive energy,弹性波 Elastic wave,弹性应变张量 Elastic strain tensor,弹性劲度常数 Elastic stiffness constant,弹性顺度常数 Elastic compliance constant,弹性模量 Elastic module,弹性动力学方程 Elastic-dynamics equation,弹性散射 Elastic scattering,33,等能面 Constant energy surface,晶体 Crystal,晶体结构 Crystal structure,晶体缺陷 Crystal defect,晶体衍射 Crystal diffraction,晶列 Crystal array,晶面 Crystal plane,34,晶面指数 Crystal plane indices,晶带 Crystal band,晶向 direction,晶格 lattice,晶格常数 Lattice constant,晶格周期势 Lattice-periodic potential,35,晶格周期性 Lattice-periodicity,晶胞 Cell, Unit cell,晶面间距 Interplanar spacing,晶系 Crystal system,晶体 Crystal,晶体点群 Crystallographic point groups,晶格振动 Lattice vibration,晶格散射,Lattice scattering,散射,Scattering,等能面 surface of constant energy,36,隋性气体晶体的结合能,Cohesive energy of inert gas crystals,滑移 Slip,滑移面 Slip plane,简单立方晶格 Simple cubic lattice,简单晶格 Simple lattice,简单单斜格子 Simple monoclinic lattice,简单四方格子 Simple tetragonal lattice,简单正交格子 Simple orthorhombic lattice,37,简谐近似 Harmonic approximation,简正坐标 Normal coordinates,简正振动 Normal vibration,简正模 Normal modes,简约波矢 Reduced wave vector,简约布里渊区 Reduced Brillouin zone,禁带 Forbidden band,紧束缚方法 Tightbinding method,零点振动能 Zero-point vibration energy,雷纳德琼斯势 LenardJones potential,满带 Filled band,38,磁致电阻 Magnetoresistance,模式密度 Density of modes,漂移速度 Drift velocity,漂移迁移率 Drift mobility,39,德拜 Debye,德拜近似 Debye approximation,德拜截止频率 Debye cut-off frequency,德拜温度 Debye temperature,霍耳效应 Hall effect,螺位错 Screw dislocation,赝势 Pseudopotential,40,