资源描述
Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,2001,4-,23,Irwin/McGraw-Hill,Irwin/McGraw-Hill,Chapter 4,Fundamentals of Corporate Finance,Third Edition,Valuing Bonds,Brealey Myers Marcus,slides by Matthew Will,Irwin/McGraw-Hill,The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.,2001,Irwin/McGraw-Hill,Topics Covered,Bond Characteristics,reading the financial pages,Bond Prices and Yields,Bond prices and interest rates,YTM vs. current yield,Rate of Return,Interest Rate Risk,The Yield Curve,Nominal and Real Rates of Interest,Default Risk,Bonds,Terminology,Bond,- Security that obligates the issuer to make specified payments to the bondholder.,Coupon,- The interest payments made to the bondholder.,Face Value,(Par Value or Maturity Value),- Payment at the maturity of the bond.,Coupon Rate,- Annual interest payment, as a percentage of face value.,Bonds,WARNING,The,coupon rate,IS NOT the,discount rate,used in the Present Value calculations.,The coupon rate merely tells us what cash flow the bond will produce.,Since the coupon rate is listed as a %, this misconception is quite common.,Bond Pricing,The price of a bond is the Present Value of all cash flows generated by the bond (i.e. coupons and face value) discounted at the required rate of return.,Bond Pricing,Example,What is the price of a 6 % annual coupon bond, with a $1,000 face value, which matures in 3 years? Assume a required return of 5.6%.,Bond Pricing,Example (continued),What is the price of the bond if the required rate of return is 6 %?,Bond Pricing,Example (continued),What is the price of the bond if the required rate of return is 15 %?,Bond Pricing,Example (continued),What is the price of the bond if the required rate of return is 5.6% AND the coupons are paid semi-annually?,Bond Pricing,Example (continued),Q: How did the calculation change, given semi-annual coupons versus annual coupon payments?,Time Periods,Paying coupons twice a year, instead of once doubles the total number of cash flows to be discounted in the PV formula.,Discount Rate,Since the time periods are now half years, the discount rate is also changed from the annual rate to the half year rate.,Bond Yields,Current Yield,- Annual coupon payments divided by bond price.,Yield To Maturity,- Interest rate for which the present value of the bonds payments equal the price.,Bond Yields,Calculating Yield to Maturity (YTM=r),If you are given the price of a bond (PV) and the coupon rate, the yield to maturity can be found by solving for r.,Bond Yields,Example,What is the YTM of a 6 % annual coupon bond, with a $1,000 face value, which matures in 3 years? The market price of the bond is $1,010.77,Bond Yields,WARNING,Calculating YTM by hand can be very tedious.,It is highly recommended that you learn to use the “IRR” or “YTM” or “i” functions on a financial calculator.,Bond Yields,Rate of Return,- Earnings per period per dollar invested.,Interest Rate Risk,Premium Bond,Discount Bond,Interest Rate Risk,30,yr bond,3,yr bond,Nominal and Real rates,Yield on UK nominal bonds,Yield on UK indexed bonds,Default Risk,Credit risk,Default premium,Investment grade,Junk bonds,Default Risk,Corporate Bonds,Zero coupons,Floating rate bonds,Convertible bonds,The Yield Curve,Term Structure of Interest Rates,- A listing of bond maturity dates and the interest rates that correspond with each date.,Yield Curve,- Graph of the term structure.,Web Resources,Click to access web sites,Internet connection required,Web Links,
展开阅读全文