7-9克服翻译症文体与翻译文化与翻译

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,新编英汉翻译教程,2009,级英语专业本科,1,班,Dec. 15,，,2011,1,翻译技巧,翻译的常用技巧（,4,）抽象与具体,2,练习：,运用具体抽象相互转换的方法翻译下列句子。,1. He has many hot potatoes to handle every day. 2. We should never warm snakes in our bosoms.3. The pen is mightier than the sword.4. They have their smiles and tears.5. Its regrettable that our appeal remains a dead letter.6. Is the emigration of intelligence to become an issue as absorbing as the immigration of strong muscle?7. An idiot might have guessed I was over head and ears in love.,3,2. We should never warm snakes in our bosoms.,我们决不能姑息养奸,/,养虎贻患,/,不能忘了农夫和蛇的故事,3. The pen is mightier than the sword.,文字的力量胜于武力,5. Its regrettable that our appeal remains a dead letter.,遗憾的是，我们的呼吁没得到响应。,6. Is the emigration of intelligence to become an issue as absorbing as the immigration of strong muscle?,人才外流是不是和劳工输入同样成为一个有趣的问题呢？,7.,An idiot might have guessed I was over head and ears in love.,即使白痴也能看出，我已经沉溺在爱河里了。,4,8. Ill break my neck to get this done by Friday, but I cant promise for sure.,9. The matter was finally settled under the table.,10. Since I only got the news at second hand, I took it with a grain of salt.,11. By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.,12. His arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.,5,8. Ill break my neck to get this done by Friday, but I cant promise for sure.,我要尽最大的努力在星期五以前完成此事，但我不能说定。,9. The matter was finally settled under the table.,这件事最终私下解决了,10. Since I only got the news at second hand, I took it,with a grain of salt,.,这个消息我只是,间接听来的,，所以并不完全相信（所以只是,半信半疑,）。,6,11. By this means she cast in a bone between the wife and the husband.,她用这种手段离间这对夫妻,12. His arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.,他的傲慢态度使他陷入孤立无援的境地。,7,翻译技巧,翻译的常用技巧（五）分句与合句,8,1.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.,2.Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?,3. She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and to do the kitchen work.,4. If we do a thing, we should do it well.,5. The time was 10:30, and traffic on the street was light.,6. When you apply for graduate degree courses in Oxford, you should contact University of oxford directly.,练习,9,1.In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.,门口放着一堆雨伞，少说有十二把，五颜六色，大小不一。,2.Can you answer a question which I want to ask and which is puzzling me?,我有一个问题弄不懂，想请教你，你能回答吗？,3. She is very busy at home. She has to take care of the children and to do the kitchen work.,她在家很忙，又要看好孩子，有要下厨。,（合）,练习,10,4. If we do a thing, we should do it well.,我们要干就干好。 （合）,5. The time was 10:30, and traffic on the street was light.,10,点,30,分的时候，街上来往的车辆稀少了。 （合）,6. When you apply for graduate degree courses in Oxford, you should contact University of oxford directly.,申请牛津大学的研究生学位课程需要直接与学校联系。 （合）,11,8. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor.,9. Parents love their children and the love is perfect.,12,8. Americans have a great range of customs and habits that at first may seem puzzling to a visitor.,美国人有很多风俗习惯在陌生人看来里令人费解的。 （合）,9. Parents love their children and the love is perfect.,父母对子女的爱是无微不至的。 （合）,13,Chapter 7: Translationese,1. Concept,of translationese.,2. Symptoms of translationese.,3. How to conquer the translationese.,14,C,oncept,of translationese,15,Translationese:,a generally pejorative,pi:drtiv,贬义的,term used to refer to TL usage which because of its obvious reliance on features of SL is perceived as unnatural, impenetrable,费解的,or even comical. Translationese is typically caused by an excessively LITERAL approach to the translation process or an imperfect knowledge of TL.,16,翻译腔又称翻译体，是指把原语的语言形式、表达方式、句法结构机械地移植到移入语中，因而形成一种不符合译入语表达习惯的语言混合体。其主要特征是只顾在形式上逐词逐句地紧随原文，忽略译入语语言结构的特点和习惯表达方式，译文生硬牵强，可读性差。,17,Examples 1,（,P75,）,18,2,）,There is the bell, someone is at the door.,A:,那里有个铃：有人在门口。,B:,铃响了，有人在叫门。,3,）,It is now thought that the more work we give our brain, the more work they are able to do.,A:,现在人们认为，我们让脑子工作的越多，他就能干更多的工作。,B:,现在人们认为，脑子越用越灵。,19,Example 2 (p75),20,2.,Symptoms,of tranalationese,21,2.,翻译症的病因,1.1,照搬词典的释义,1.2,照搬原文的功能词,1.3,照搬原文的表达方式,22,照搬英汉词典是释义,1. It was an,old and ragged,moon.,原译,:,那是一个又老又破的月亮,old moon, n. the moon in its last quarter, before the,new moon,下弦月,改译,:,这是一弯残月。,23,照搬原文的功能词,当当作响（when）,的的不休（定语）,和和不停（and）,它它不绝（pronoun）,被被层叠（passive voice）,24,Helen was relieved,when,she went back home and saw the diamond still locked in the safe,原译：当海伦回到家和看到那颗钻石仍然锁在保险柜的时候，她放了心。,改译：海伦回到家里，看见那颗钻石仍然缩在保险柜里，就放心了,.,25,Big powers have their strategies while small countries also have their own lines.,原译：大国有他们的战略，而小国也有他们的路线。,改译：大国有大国的战略，小国也有小国的路线。,26,We took off and flew over the city and slowly gained height.,原译,:,我们起飞了并且飞过城市并且慢慢飞高。,改译,:,我们起飞了,飞过城市,慢慢飞高,。,27,Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market.,原译,:,昨天晚上我听到他把猪赶到市场上去了。,drive ones pigs to market,打鼾,改译,:,昨天晚上我听到他鼾声如雷。,机械照搬原文的表达方式,28,goose flesh,horse sense,busybody,brown study,golden opinions,29,goose flesh,鸡皮疙瘩,(,非“鹅肉”,),horse sense,常识,(,非“马的意识”,),busybody,爱管闲事的人,(,非“大忙人”,);,brown study,沉思冥想,(,非“褐色的书房”,),golden opinions,高度的评价，无上的美誉,(,非“金色的观点”,),30,翻译症的克服方法,p80-81,31,Chapter 8 文体与翻译,1. 刘宓庆文体与翻译,2. P82-98,32,Theory and practice of,formula fertilization and precision fertilization,危常州 教授,石河子大学农学院,Prof. Wei Changzhou,Agricultural college, Shehezi University,33,植物的矿质营养学说,theory of mineral plant nutrition,配方施肥的一般原理,general principles of formula fertilization,最小养分律,Law of the Minimum,报酬递减律,law of diminishing returns,因子综合作用律,multifactor functioning,34,作物矿质营养学说,theory of mineral plant nutrition,由德国著名土壤学家李比希提出。,In 1840 Justus Von Liebig, a Germany soil scientist, advanced the theory of mineral plant nutrition.,35,最小养分律,Liebigs Law of the Minimum (nutrient),由李比希提出。,最小养分：相对于作物生长的需要量而言，土壤中供应能力最差的那种元素称为最小养分。,即使土壤中其它养分非常充分或施用非最小养分的肥料，作物的产量仍然难以提高，只有补充最小养分才能提高产量，这个规律称为最小养分律。,36,Chapter 9:,翻译中的文化意识,37,Translation and Culture,在文化日益受到关注的今天，翻译活动作为文化交际活动的一种，也深受影响。上世纪,90,年代初翻译研究领域出现的文化转向，将文化与翻译越来越紧密地联系到了一起。,As a part of cultural exchange, translation activities attract more attention than before in todays globalization. The “cultural turn” in translation studies started from the early 1990s has bound Culture and Translation even tighter than before.,Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation,-Susan Bassnett,苏珊,巴斯耐特, 90,年代初,38,Susan Bassnett (born 1945) served as,pro-vice-chancellor(,副校长,),at the,University of Warwick,for ten years and taught in its Centre for Translation and Comparative Cultural Studies, which closed in 2009.,39,例证：,“阿,Q,这回可遭了瘟”,“,Ah Q had met his Waterloo.”,此译在中国广受批评。,“文化传真”备受推崇。,40,狭义的文化翻译，指“原文中特有文化内容,/,因素的翻译”。,the definition of cultural translation in a narrow sense refers to the translation of the specific cultural elements existing in the original text.,蔡平,2005,41,文化翻译策略发展的总体趋势，那就是从归化向异化的发展，从趋同向独立的发展。,the general trend in the development of cultural translation strategies: from,domesticating translation,to,foreignizing translation.,The Translators Invisibility: A History of Translation, Lawrence Venuti , 1995,42,春节前，人们打扫屋子、在大门上贴大红对联、放鞭炮。据传说，这样做是为了驱赶一个叫“年”的魔鬼。除夕之夜，一大家子定会在一起会餐，最受欢迎的主食是饺子，人们认为它能带来好运吉祥。,43,春节前，人们打扫屋子、在大门上贴大红对联、放鞭炮。据传说，这样做是为了驱赶一个叫“年”的魔鬼。,Before the Spring Festival, people clean their houses, put red couplets on their gates, and set off firecrackers, according to fairy tales, for driving a demon named Nian away.,除夕之夜，一大家子定会在一起会餐，最受欢迎的主食是饺子，人们认为它能带来好运吉祥。,On the eve of the Spring Festival, a get-together banquet is a must, and the most popular food is Jiaozi, which is supposed to bring good fortune.,44,文化传真并非万能,45,例：美帝国主义的侵略意图是司马昭之心路人皆知。,1 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are none but Si-Ma-Zhaos heart which is known to every pedestrian.,2 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are none but an open secret.,3 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are as plain as the nose on face.,46,“文化特有项” “令外国读者,不知所云的”，“如果认为出典十分重要，不可取而代之，那只能加注解释一番”，,但如果两者之间没有直接的联系，只是借用，则加注“反而分散读者的注意力，消弱译文的效果。,47,打起黄莺儿，莫叫枝上啼。,啼时惊妾梦，不得到,辽西,。,-,金昌绪,春怨,1 When she dreamed that she went to Liao-hsi,To join him there, they awakened her.,-,Bynner,2 Their,warbling,broke the dream wherein,My lover smiled to me. -,-Fletcher,3 From dreaming of my dear,Far off on the frontier.,-,许渊冲,Translation and Culture,48,Warble,，,verb,(of a bird) sing softly and with a succession of constantly changing notes,Translation and Culture,49,John, Anderson, my joy, John,When we were first acquent,Your locks were like the raven,Your bonnie brow was brent.,-,爱尔兰 彭斯,你的头发是黑得像乌鸦,-,梁遇春,美感上似有欠缺理,“你的头发乌黑”,-,王佐良,Translation and Culture,50,忠实并非全部照搬，省略未必造成损失,沉鱼落雁之容，闭月羞花之貌,“,have features that can make fish sink and birds alight, and looks that can outshine the moon and put the flowers to shame”,-,汉英词典,1.,意象重叠,2. “,鱼”和“雁” 无法让译文读者与女子的美貌联系到一起,3.,将其略去，无损原意,Translation and Culture,51,传统习俗,Kissing doesnt last; cookery does.,甜言蜜语不可靠，粗茶淡饭才长久。,52,地理环境,-fish,there are plenty more fish in the sea,used to console someone whose romantic relationship has ended by pointing out that there are many other people with whom they may have a successful relationship in the future,海里好鱼多的是；天涯何处无芳草,53,跨文化转换的策略 p104,1.,移植,直译 （移植,+,增补,105,）,2.,借用,形似意同 （警惕“假朋友”,106,）,形异意同,3.,意译,54,例：美帝国主义的侵略意图是司马昭之心路人皆知,。（,1-3,分别属于那种策略？）,1 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are none but Si-Ma-Zhaos heart which is known to every pedestrian.,2 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are none but an open secret.,3 The aggressive intentions of the American imperialists are as plain as the nose on face.,55,A stick-and-carrot policy,大棒加胡萝卜政策,Have one foot in the grave,已是风烛残年,as strong as a horse,力大如牛,Lead a dogs life,过牛马不如的生活,Laugh off ones head,笑掉牙齿,The tongue is a fire.,口舌如火，火能伤人，口舌亦然。,Wall Street is a,dog-eat-dog,place.,华尔街是个残酷的地方。,56,Thank you!,57,