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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,被动语态,1,1.,Many people,speak,English.,English,is spoken,by many people .,Lucky 52,is watched,on TV by many people .,Football,are played,by them,.,2,.,Many people,watch,Lucky 52 on TV.,3,.,They play,football,.,2,语态,:,表示,主语,和,谓语动词,之间的关系。,英语有,两种语态,即,主动语态,和,被动语态,。,主动语态,:,表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。,如：,Many students,study,English,.(,主动语态,),English,is studied,by many students,.,(,被动语态,),语态,3,助动词,be,变化规则:,I用am,you用are,is连着she、he、it.单数is,复数are.,如,:The desk,is made,of wood.,The desks,are made,of wood.,He,is asked,a question by the teacher.,被动语态的结构,助动词,be+,及物动词的过去分词,不同的时态有不同的被动语态结构,1.,一般现在时的被动语态结构,:,4,by many students.,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.Many students,study,English,.,English,is studied,2.They,make,shoes,in that factory.,Shoes,are made,by them,in that factory.,5,主动语态变被动语态的方法,1.,把主动语态的,宾语,变为被动语态的,主语,。,2.,把主动语态的,谓语,变为被动语态的,谓语,。,3.,把主动语态的主语变为被动语态的,by,短语。（,by,短语可以省。,by,短语,后跟代词的宾格。）,by the teacher.,3.The teacher often,asks,him,questions.,He,is asked,questions,6,1.,找宾语,-,即动作的承受者,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,Shoes,2.,判断宾语的单复数,-,即,be,动词的单复数,.,are,made,3.,判断动词的时态,-,即,be,动词的时态,.,4.,修改谓语的时态,-,即原句动词改为过去分词,5.,修改原句的主语,-,即,by+,主语,/,宾语,.,by them.,主变被解题步骤,宾变主,主放后,前加,by,动变被,看清,be,结构分别,be+ pp,7,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in Beijing.,Football,is played by,them on Sunday,.,The homework,is done by,Lucy in the evening.,Computers,are often used by,them in class.,These machines,are made,in Beijing.,8,肯定句,:,主语,be +,过去分词,(by ),否定句,：主语,be not,过去分词,(by ),一般疑问句,：,Be,主语过去分词,(by )?,特殊疑问句,：,疑问词,be,主语过去分词,(by ),被动语态的,时态,是由,be,的时态决定的,be,是什么时态，全句就是什么时态，,be,动词后面的过去分词不变。,by many students.,English,is studied,by many students.,English,is not studied,9,1.,They,bought,ten computers,last term,by them,last term.,2.,一般过去时的被动语态结构,:,was/were +,过去分词,last year.,2.,We,planted,many trees,last year.,Many trees,were planted,Ten computers,were bought,10,They built the tall building last year.,He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,We cleaned our classroom just now.,They used this room for resting.,The tall building,was built by,them last year.,His little brother,was taken good care of by,him yesterday.,Our classroom,was cleaned by,us just now.,This room,was used for,resting,by,them.,11,Look at this and then rewrite the,sentences below in the passive,like the example .,Active,Someone,cleans,the windows every week .,Someone,cleaned,them last week .,Passive,The windows,are cleaned,every week .,They,were cleaned,last week .,People often invite me to parties .,Someone invited me to one last week,I _,_,I _,_,am,often,invited,to parties .,was invited,to one last,week .,12,Look at this and then rewrite the,sentences below in the passive,like the example .,Active,Passive,3. Someone paints our,our house every year .,4. Some people painted it last year .,5. People often overtake him on the road .,6. Someone overtake him a minute ago .,Our house _,_,It _,_,He_,_,He_,_,is painted,every year .,was painted,last year .,is,often,overtaken,on the road,was overtaken,a minute ago .,13,Look at this and then rewrite the,sentences below in the passive,like the example .,Active,Passive,7. Someone waters the flowers every day .,8. Someone watered them yesterday .,The flowers _,_,They _,_,are watered,every day .,were watered,yesterday .,2,14,How do they feel ? How did they,feel ? Rewrite the sentences like,the example .,Someone embarrassed her .,Something is worrying me .,Something excited him .,Something is amusing them .,She _,I _,He _,They _,was embarrassed,.,am worried,.,was excited,.,are amused,3,15,3.,一般将来时的被动语态结构,:,will be+,过去分词,1.They,will finish,the work,in ten days.,by them in ten days.,The work,will be finished,2.Tom,will clean,the room,tomorrow,.,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,16,We will have a sports meeting next week.,Children will take some photos in the,schoolyard tomorrow.,The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting,will be had by,us next week.,Some photos,will be taken by,children in the school,yard,tomorrow.,A talk,will be given by,the headmaster this afternoon.,17,4.,含有情态动词的被动语态结构,:,can/may/must/should + be+,过去分词,1.Amy,can take good care of,Gina,by Amy.,Gina,can be taken good care of,2.You,should drink,more water.,More water,should be drunk,by you.,18,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,19,5.,现在进行时的被动语态的结构,is / am / are + being,过去分词,1.Some workers,are painting,the rooms,now,by some workers now.,The rooms,are being painted,2.He,is watching,TV.,TV,is being watched,by him.,20,6.,现在完成时的被动语态的结构,have / has,been,过去分词,1.We,have made,twenty more keys,by us.,Twenty more keys,have been made,2.We,have finished,our compositions,.,Our compositions,have been finished,by us.,21,表格,:,被动态基本结构,时态,被动语态结构,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,am/is/are,done,was/were,done,am/is/are,being,done,was/were,being,done,shall/will/be going to,be,done,would,be,done,have/has,been,done,had,been,done,22,6. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (,济南市中考题）, another man-made satellite into space last week.,变主动语态,7.People there planted many trees last year.,Trees _ _ by people there last year.,(,青岛市中考题）,8. They grow vegetables on the farm.,The vegetables _ _on the farm,（上海市中考题）,They sent up,were planted,are grown,中考题,23,Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive, like the example .,Active,Passive,Present,perfect,Someone,has caught,the thief.,The thief,has been caught,.,Someone,has cleaned,the windows .,The windows,have been,cleaned,.,Future,with will,Someone,will catch,the thief soon .,The thief,will be caught,soon .,Someone,will clean,the windows .,The windows,will be cleaned,.,A: Has my watch been repaired yet ? (soon),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. It hasnt been repaired yet, but it,will be repaired soon .,24,Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive, like the example .,2. A: Have those letters been typed yet ? (this afternoon),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. They havent been typed yet, but,they will be typed this afternoon .,3. A: Has my room been tidied yet ? (at the weekend),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. It hasnt been tidied yet, but it,will be tidied at the weekend .,A: Have the children been invited to the party yet ?,(next week ),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. They havent been invited yet, but,they will be invited next week .,25,Look at this and then rewrite the sentences below in the passive, like the example .,5. A: Has John been told yet ? (tomorrow),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. He hasnt been told yet, but he,will be told tomorrow .,A: Have those jobs been finished yet ?(by 6 oclock),B: _,_,No, Im sorry. They havent been finished yet, but,they will be finished by 6 oclock .,2,26,My daughter was invited to a childrens party.,我的女儿被邀请到一个儿童聚会 。,I havent been told about it .,没有人告诉我这件事,被动语态的用法,（,1,）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,.,Its / was said / believed / reported / + that ,Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.,据报道,这次地震中大约有三百人死亡。,（,2,）强调动作的承受者,这时应用,by,短语。,The cup was broken by David.,（,3,）作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型,.,27,I,was given a book by him.,（以,I,做主语）,A book,was given to me by Tom.,（以物,book,作主语）,We,are taught English by him.,（以人当主语）,English,is taught to us by him.,（以物作主语）,被动语态的几种类型,1.,带双宾语句子的被动语态,.,（指物的宾语叫直接宾语,指人的宾语叫间接宾语）,常见的接双宾语的动词有,:,to: pass, give, teach, show, bring, hand,for: make, buy, draw, sing, get,以“人”当主语时,变法和一般的变法一样,;,以“物”当主语时，在保留的间接宾语前必须加,to,或,for.,如,:1.He gave,me,a book.,2.He teaches,us,English,.,28,keep, make,三类的动词常常有宾语补足 语,在被动语态中，宾语补足语位置不变。,We,keep,food,fresh,in the fridge.,主 谓 宾 宾补,Food,is kept fresh in the fridge.,I saw,him,go into the office building.,He,was seen to go into the office building.,2.,含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态,29,They,take good care of,my child.,My child is taken good care of .,I,turned off,the radio.,The radio was turned off (by me),3.,含有短语的主动语态变被动语态,30,下列这些短语本身即是被动语态的形式,不需再加,by,be covered with ,用,覆盖着,be interested in ,对,感兴趣,be surprised at ,对,感到惊奇,be made of,（,from,）用,制造的,动词短语的被动语态,take care of,be taken care of,cut down,be cut down,laugh at,be laughed at,look after,be looked after,31,即,feel , hear , listen , have , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ,这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加,to,，但变被动句时必须加,to.,1.I,saw,him,play basketball last Sunday.,He,was seen,to,play basketball last Sunday.,2.We,heard,them,sing in the classroom.,They,was heard,to,sing in the classroom.,4.,感官动词和使役动词的被动语态,32,（,1,）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词 时,不能改为被动语态。,We often help each other.,我们常常互相帮助。,（,2,）当谓语是表状态的及物动词时（如,have , like , take place , belong to ,）,如,:,I like these flowers.,我喜欢这些花。,I will have a meeting.,不说,A meeting will be had.,应说,A meeting will be held .,5.,不能用于被动语态的几种情况,33,把下列句子变成被动语态,:,A car,knocked him down yesterday.,2,）,Two doctors and ten nurses make up the medical team,3,）,When I got there, they were cutting up a fallen tree,A fallen tree was being cut up, when I got,there.,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,The medical team is made up of by two,Practice,34,4)Well put on the play next Sunday,5)Workers are building a new teaching building in our school,6)They had completed the railway by the end of last year,The play will be put on next Sunday,A new teaching building is being built,by workers in our school,The railway had been completed,by the end of last year,35,填空（完成被动语态填空）,1. They often clean their classroom after school .,（改为被动语态）,Their classroom _ often _ by them after school.,2. Li Lei gave Tom a new pen last week .,（同上）,A new pen _ _ _ Tom last week .,is,cleaned,was given by,Practice,36,3. A lot of people in China can speak English now .,（同上）,English _ _ _ by a lot of people in China now.,4. I have learned English for about two years.,（同上）,English _ _ _ for about two years.,5. They will publish these story-books next month.,（同上）,These story-books _ _ _ next month.,can be spoken,has been learned,will be published,37,1. In some countries , tea _ with milk and sugar.,A. is serving B. is served,C. serves D. served,2. Great changes _ in my hometown since 1980.,A. have been taken place B. took place,C. have taken place D. were taken place,3. The new type of car is going to _ in three years.,A. turn out B. be turned out,C. has turned out D. have been turned out,4. The woman murdered her friend and _ to _.,A. was sentenced , death B. sentencing , die,C. sentenced , death D. sentenced , die,被动语态专项练习,:,选择填空,38,5.,Do you like the skirt ?,It _ soft.,A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt,6. Are you still here ? You were here an hour ago . Who _ for ?,A. are you waiting B. did you wait,C. were you waiting D. do you wait,7. _ to know Professor Zhang.,A. He said B. I said,C. He is said D. It says,8.,I want to sit at the table near the window.,Sorry , _ already.,A. it took B. it takes,C. it is taking D. it has been taken,39,9. The letter _ three days ago and it_ yesterday.,A. had post , had arrived B. was posted , arrived,C. posted , arrived D. had been posted , was arrived,10. He told me that the final examination _ next Thursday.,A. is given B. will be given,C. would have given D. would be given,11. Water _ into ice.,A. will changed B. must be changed,C. should change D. can be changed,12. Plays _ twice a month in that theatre.,A. put on B. are put on,C. was put on D. often put on,40,13. The birds _ fly away last Saturday.,A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. were let to,14. A strange sound _ yesterday evening.,A. was heard B. hears C. heard D. is heard,15. A beautiful bike _ him by his classmates.,A. sent to B. will sent to,C. was sent to D. will be sent for,16. Miss Chen _ just _ to speak at the meeting.,A. has been asked B. has been asked,C. Have been asked D. have been asked,17. Meat _ out in this shop . We can _ now.,A. have been sold , get nothing,B. has been sold , get nothing,C. has been sold , get some,D. have been sold , get some,41,18. The new play _ in theatre now . Why dont you go in and see it ?,A. is being shown B. is showing,C. is shown D. shows,19. Can you tell _ ?,A. when did it happen B. when was it happened,C. when it happened D. when it was happened,20. _ the job _ by Lucy or by John ? Tell me the truth , please.,A. Has finished,B. Has being finished,C. Is finish,D. Has been finished,42,1,.,Our school _,in 2002.(,开办,),2.The young trees must_ _ _ well.,(,照顾,),3. _ this building_(,建成,)last year?,4.The book _ _(,写,)by him last year.,5. The bridge _ _(,不建造,)in1989.,6.The 29th Olympic Games will_ _,(,举行,) in UK in 2012.,was opened,be looked after,Was,built,was written,wasnt built,be held,完成下列句子,:,43,用所给动词的适当时态和语态填空,1. When _ the first man-made satellite _,（,send,）,up into space ?,2. Last year vegetables _ (grow,）,in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell,）,them himself.,3. She _,（,help,）,him with his homework tomorrow evening.,4. How many magazines _,（,can borrow,）,in your library every week ?,Homework,5. John _,（,hear,）,to go upstairs two hours ago.,6.,Who _,（,save,）,her father ?,He _,（,save,）,by that policeman.,44,45,
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