初中英语语法-介词和介词短语课件

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,第一页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,考点(ko din)一,表示时间的介词,中考考点,1,介词表示时间、方位、方式的基本用法。,2,一些易混介词的辨析及介词短语的运用。,1,in,(1),用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、不特定的上、下午和,晚上等词前面。如：,in,the,twentieth,century,在,20,世纪；,in,2012,在,2012,年；,in winter,在冬天；,in the morning/afternoon/,evening,在上午,/,下午,/,晚上。,(2),表示“在之后”，后面接一段时间，多用于将来,时。如：,第二页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,We are going to Shanghai _ two days.,我们(w men)将在两天后去上海。,2,at,(1),用在表示钟点、中午、夜晚和拂晓的前面。如：,at,five oclock,在五点；,at noon,在中午；,at night,在夜晚。,(2),用在一些固定短语中。如：,at the beginning of,在,开始；,at the end of,在的结尾；,at the same time,同时；,_,在岁时；,_,有时。,3,on,(,1,),表,示,在,具,体,的,某,一,天,的,上,、,下,午,。,如,：,o,n,t,h,e,morning of August 8,在八月八日上午；,_,在一个寒冷的早上。,in,at the age of,at times,on a cold morning,第三页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,(2),表示(biosh)在具体的某一天。如：,on July 16, 2010,在,2010,年,7,月,16,日。,(3),用在星期、节日前。如：,on,Monday,在星期一；,on,Teachers Day,在教师节。,4,by,用来表示“在之前，到时”的结构为“,by,时,间点”，常与完成时连用。如：,H,o,w,m,a,n,y,E,n,g,l,i,s,h,w,o,r,d,s,h,a,d,y,o,u,l,e,a,r,n,e,d,_ last term?,到上学期期末你学了多少个英语单词？,5,for,by the end of,第四页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,“,for,一段时间”常与含延续性动词的完成(wn chng)时连用,。如：,I have _ this book _ a long time.,我买这本书好长时间了。,6,since,“,since,具体的过去时间点或时间段,ago,或一般过去,时的句子”也常与完成时连用,。如：,I have taught in No.12 Middle School _ 1989.,我从,1989,年就在第十二中学教书。,7,during,during,的意思是“在期间”，后面接名词、代词、,had,for,since,第五页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,动名词，用于某一特定的一段时间，表示(biosh)时间上的延续。,如：,We will visit Shanghai _ this summer holiday.,这个暑假期间我们要去上海参观。,8,after,“,after,时间段”表示过去的一段时间以后；“,after,将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。,考点二,表示地点的介词,1,at,(1),用于小地点前面。如：,at the door,在门口；,at the bus stop,在公共汽车站。,during,第六页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,(2),用于门牌号前面(qin mian)。如：,He lives _ No.200, Nanjing Road.,他住在南京路,200,号。,(3),表示“在前,/,后部”。如：,I sit at the front of the classroom.,我坐在教室的前面。,2,on,(1),表示一物放在另一物的上面，两者紧贴在一起,。如：,The book is on the table.,这本书在桌子上。,(2),表示“紧邻”。如：,Canada lies _ the north of the US.,加拿大位于美国,北部。,at,on,第七页，共22页。,(3),表示(biosh)“在左,/,右边(yu bian)”。如：,Li Ping is on my left.,李平在我左边(zu bian)。,(4),用于路名前。如：,He lives on Nanjing Road.,他住在南京路。,3,in,(1),用于较大的地点前，如大城市、国家、洲等。如：,He lives in Beijing.,他住在北京。,(2),表示“包含”。如：,Beijing is _ the north of China.,北京在中国北部。,(3),表示“在排,/,行,/,组”。如：,We are in Team One.,我们在第一组。,语法互动（五）,介词和介词短语,in,第八页，共22页。,4,to,(1),表示“没接触(jich)，不包含”。如：,France lies _ the south of England.,法国位于(wiy)英国南,面。,(2),表示(biosh)目的地或去的目的。如：,Will you take a train to Tianjin?,你将坐火车去天津吗？,5,over,over,表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在正上,方”。如：,Is there any bridge _ the river?,河上有桥吗？,6,above,above,表示一般的“高于，在之上”。如：,语法互动（五）,介词和介词短语,to,over,第九页，共22页。,There is an electric clock _ his bed.,他床的上方(shn fn)有一,个电子钟。,7,under,under,是,over,的反义词，即“在正下方”。如：,They were seen _ the tree.,有人(yu rn)看到他们在树下。,8,below,below,是,above,的反义词，即“低于，在之下”。,如：,Please,dont,write,_,this,line.,请不要(byo)在这条线下面,写东西。,语法互动（五）,介词和介词短语,above,under,below,第十页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,9,across,across,着重于“从一头(ytu)或一边到另一头(ytu)或另一边”，强,调从表面穿过。如：,She went _ the street to make some purchases.,她穿过这条街去采购。,10,through,through,着重于“穿越”，强调从一定的空间内穿过，,含义与,in,有关。如：,The sunlight was coming in _ the window.,阳光透过窗户射了进来。,across,through,第十一页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,1,of, from,(1)of,用于成品与材料(cilio)的性质不变时。如：,The desk is made of wood.,课桌是由木头做成的。,(2)from,用于成品与材料的性质已变时。如：,Wine is made from grapes.,葡萄酒是用葡萄做的。,2,in,in,表示用材料、语言，衣着或颜色、声调等。如：,Can you say it in English,？你能用英语说吗？,3,with, by, on,(1)with,表示“用工具、某物”，如：,with a pen,用钢笔。也,考点三,其他介词,第十二页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,可以(ky)表示“带有，具有”，如：,the,girl,with,long,hair,长发,女孩。,(2)by,表示“用,/,以,/,靠,/,通过的方法”。如：,He prefers traveling by car.,他更喜欢乘汽车旅行。,(3)on,表示使用一些无线电工具。如：,I often talk with my friends on the phone.,我经常通过电话,与朋友交谈。,4,between, among,(1)between,表示“在两者之间”或“三者以上强调每两者,之间”。如：,Dont sit between the two girls.,不要坐在这两个女孩中间。,第十三页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,What does Hobo do between meals?Hobo,餐间都干什么？,(2)among,表示(biosh)“在当中,(,三者或以上,),”,。如：,They lived among the mountains in the past.,过去他们住在,山里。,5,besides, except,(1)besides,表示“除之外,(,全部计算在内,),”。如：,We have seen the crocodile besides Li Fang.,除了李芳之外，我们也见过鳄鱼。,(2)except,表示“除之外,(,不计算在内,),”。如：,We are all Chinese except Tom in our class.,在我们班，除了,Tom,外，我们都是中国人。,第十四页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,在,家,at home,在学校(xuxio),at school,在工作,_,立刻,at once,在晚上,at night,在一年中不好的时节,at a bad time of the year,在的尽头,at the end of,在的前面,at the head of,在的开始,at the beginning of,要，请求,_,到达,arrive in(at),考点四,含有介词的重点短语,at work,ask for,第十五页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,同意(tngy)某人,agree with sb,以开始,_,在方面擅长,be good at,对有好处,be good for,对有害处,be bad for,充满,be full of,出生于,be born in,确信,be sure of,习惯于,_,对某事感到满意,be satisfied with sth,对某人严格,be strict with sb,对某事严格,be strict in sth,begin with,be used to,第十六页，共22页。,忙于(mngy)做某事,be busy with sth,迟到(chdo),be late for,生某人(mu rn)的气,be angry with sb,因某事生气,be angry at sth,对某人感到满意,be pleased with sb,对感兴趣,be interested in,与不同,_,以为骄傲,be proud of,对感到厌烦,be tired of,对表示懊悔,/,为感到可惜,be sorry for,赶上,catch up with,依靠,depend on,语法互动（五）,介词和介词短语,be different from,第十七页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,在方面(fngmin)做得好,do well in,充满，装满,fill with,与相处,_,听说,_,收到的来信,_,在某方面帮助某人,help sb with,在的前面,in front of,在的前部,in the front of,在户外；在野外,in the open air,最后，终于,in the end,睡觉,in bed,get on/along with,hear of,hear from,第十八页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,及时(jsh),_,匆忙，急忙,in a hurry,在阳光下,_,事实上,in fact,处于困境中,in trouble,在树上,(,外来物,) _,看,look at,寻找,look for,照顾，照看,look after,检查,look over,嘲笑,_,动身去某处,_,in time,in the sun,in the tree,laugh at,leave for,第十九页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,听,listen to,与交朋友,make friends with,在树上,(,树上长的,) on the tree,在某人(mu rn)回家的路上,on ones way home,在展览中,_,究竟，到底,on earth,在顶部,on the top of,另一方面,on the other hand,值日；值班,on duty,在盘子里,on the plate,步行,_,照顾，照看,take care of,on show,on foot,第二十页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,考点(ko din)过关,用适当的介词填空,1,I read a book about science _ Sunday morning.,2,They had problems walking _ the forest.,3,Theres no secret _ you and me.,4,We all went to the beach _ Kate yesterday.,5,There will be a sports meeting _ two weeks.,6,My friend bought a big house _ a nice garden.,7,You can improve your English _ reading more.,8,We all stood up _ the same time.,9,Their desks are made _ wood.,on,through,between,except,in,with,by,at,of,第二十一页，共22页。,语法(yf)互动（五）,介词(jic)和介词(jic)短语,10,Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.,11,Theres a big smile _ her face. Shes very happy.,12,We are looking forward _ winning the match.,13,Its very kind _ you to help me with my lessons.,14,I borrowed some money _ my friend to buy a,camera.,in,on,to,of,from,第二十二页，共22页。,