句子成分和简单句说课讲解课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,第一讲,句子成分及简单句分析, Anna,1.,I,met,my best,friend,Tom,at the station yesterday,.,主语,谓,语,定语,宾,语,同位语,状,语,句子成分,定义,：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有,主要成分,和,次要成分,；,主要成分,：主语和谓语,次要成分,：表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语,主语（,subject,）,句子说明的人或事物,Jane,is good at playing the piano.,She,went out in a hurry.,Four,plus four is eight.,To see,is to believe.,Smoking,is bad for health.,The young,should respect the old.,What he has said,is true.,（名词）,（代词）,（数词）,（不定式）,（动名词）,（名词化的形容词）,（句子）,找出句中主语,The poor are now living in the shelter.,Seeing is believing.,To see is to believe.,What he needs is a book.,It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.,（动名词）,（不定式）,（句子）,(,名词化的形容词）,（,It,形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）,谓语,说明主语的动作、状态和特征,简单谓语,:,由,动词,或,动词词组,组成,I,saw,the flag on the top of the hill?,He,looked after,two orphans.,复合谓语,由,情态动词或助动词,+,动词,;,He,can speak,English well.,She,doesnt seem,to like dancing,Show your passport, please.,She didnt say anything.,How many do you want? - I want two.,They sent the injured to hospital.,They asked to see my passport.,I enjoy working with you.,Did you write down what he said?,（名词 ）,(,代词）,(,数词,),(,名词化的形容词,),(,三,),宾语,动作的对象或承受者,及物动词或介词的宾语,（不定式）,（动名词）,（句子）,宾语分为,直接宾语,和,间接宾语,.,直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物,.,He gave,me,some books,.,间接,宾语,直接,宾语,please pass,me,the book.,He bought,his girlfriend,some flowers,.,（四）表语,在,系动词,后的部分就是表语,The war was,over.,They seem,to know the truth,.,Time is,precious,.,（五）定语,修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或从句,He is a,clever,boy.,His father works in a,steel,work.,There are,54,students in our class.,Do you known,bettys,sister?,He bought some,sleeping,pills.,(,形容词,),(,名词,),(,数词,),(,名词的所有格,),(,动名词,),定语后置：,如果定语是由,一个单词,表示时，通常要前置。而由,一个词组或一个句子,表示时，通常则后置,The girl,in red,is his sister.,We have a lot of work,to do,.,The girl,standing under the tree,is his daughter.,（六）状语,状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。,I will be back,in a while,.,They are playing,on the playground,.,He was late,because he got up late,.,He often went to school,by bus,.,This book is,very,interesting.,I found the book,interesting,.,Do you smell something,burning,?,（六）宾语补足语,有些,及物动词,除了有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，说明宾语的身份和状态以补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整。这类常用的及物动词有 ：,make, consider, cause, see, find, call, get, have, let.,She asked me,to lend her a hand,.,Exercises:,分析句子结构,1,）,You are a student.,2,）,He felt happy today.,3,）,What you said made me happy.,4,）,After he finished his homework, he went away.,句子类型,1,、,简单句,：简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和,一个谓语,动词（或并列谓语动词）。,如：,My brother and I,go,to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.,2,、,并列句,：并列句由,并列连词,或分号“,；,”把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。,如：,It,is,late ,so,we,must hurry,.,3,、,复合句,：复合句中含有,一个或一个以上的从句,。如：,If,we,want to keep fit,we,must always,remember,that prevention,is,better than cure.,简单句的五种基本句型,一,:, ,(,主谓,),二,:, ,(,主系表,),三,:, ,(,主谓宾,),四,:, ,(,主谓间宾直宾,),五,:, ,(,主谓宾宾补,),基本句型 一,:,(,主谓,),谓语,:,不及物动词,(vi.),没有宾语,形成主谓结构。,如,: We come.,(,不及物动词,),1. The sun,rose,.,2. Who,cares,?,4. They,talked,for half an hour.,5. The pen,writes,smoothly,基本句型二：,(,是系动词,),(,表语,),1. This,is,an English-Chinese dictionary.,2. The dinner,smells,good.,3. Everything,looks,different.,4. He,is growing,tall and strong.,5. Our well,has gone,dry.,基本句型 三,:, ,(,主谓宾,),此句型的,特点,是：谓语动词都是及物动词,必须,跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。,(,及物动词,),(,宾语,),1. Who,knows,the answer?,2. He,has refused,to help them.,3. He,enjoys,reading.,4. He,admits,that he was mistaken.,基本句型 四,:, ,(,主谓间宾直宾,),有些及物动词可以有两个宾语, e.g.,give/pass/bring/show,。,这两个宾语通常一个,指人,(,间接宾语,);,一个指物,(,直接宾语,),。,-Give,me,a cup of tea,please.,-Give a cup of tea to me please.,give sb sth= give sth to sb,基本句型 五,:, ,(,主谓宾宾补,),此句型的,特点,是,:,动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个,宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个,补充成分,来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。,宾语补足语,:,位于,宾语之后,对宾语作出说明的成分。,可以用作,宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,不定式,动名词,分词,介词短语等。,We should,keep,the plants,in the shade,.,划分句子成分,You will tell your friend that youve got to school.,But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window.,3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.,4. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.,1.,You,will tell,（,your,）,friend,that youve got to school.,2. But,as the moon gave far too much light, I,didnt,dare open,a window.,3.,Another time five months ago, I,happened to be,Upstairs,at dusk,(,when the window was open,).,4.,The,(dark, rainy),evening,the wind, the thundering,Clouds,held,me,entirely,in their power,.,主语,谓语,间宾,定语,直接宾语,原因状语,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,翻译以下句子,1.,你的故事听起来很有趣。,You story sounds very interesting,.,2.,我感到有一点累。,I felt a bit tired.,3.,我妹妹是在农村长大的。,My younger sister grew up in the country.,4.,这家医院创建于,1950,年。,This hospital was set up in 1950.,5.,他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。,He broke the traffic rule because he drove his car too fast.,Thank you!,