四级完型填空教学课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,四级完型填空,46、寓形宇内复几时，曷不委心任去留。,47、采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。,48、啸傲东轩下，聊复得此生。,49、勤学如春起之苗，不见其增，日有所长。,50、环堵萧然，不蔽风日；短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空，晏如也。,四级完型填空四级完型填空46、寓形宇内复几时，曷不委心任去留。,47、采菊东篱下，悠然见南山。,48、啸傲东轩下，聊复得此生。,49、勤学如春起之苗，不见其增，日有所长。,50、环堵萧然，不蔽风日；短褐穿结，箪瓢屡空，晏如也。四级完型填空内容总体介绍,完型填空题测试点,做题的一般方法、步骤,做题技巧,真题解析,练习答案,完型填空题测试点,词汇题,一般是实义词，包括名词,(,词组,),、形容词、副词等，不仅包括它们的同义词、近义词，而且还包括词的搭配、习惯用法。选择时要根据上下文，甚至在通篇理解的基础上，往往不能根据一句话做出准确的选择，要防止“见树不见林”的现象。,20,个选项当中，名词平均有,5,个，动词,6,个，形容词,1,个，其他词,(,介词、连词、代词、副词,),平均,8,个。尤以介词考的最多，请认真准备。,完型填空题测试点,背景知识题,主要是考查读者的常识。,有时文章中提供的信息并不够，还需要与读者头脑 中储存的一般知识信息结合起来考虑，最后做出符合常识的最佳选择。,综合题,在英语知识运用,(Cloze Test),中也占一定的比例。特别是在近几年考试中，这种题的出现加大了试题的难度，它往往在一道题中对词汇和语法同时进行了考查。,时间分配,15分钟,=通读skimming(3分钟),+ 答题(10 分钟，半分钟一道),+ 回顾review(2分钟),完型填空最考语感，所以答题时要相信直觉，不可颠来倒去。一道题30秒还没有搞定，立刻跳过。,做完型填空试题的一般方法、步骤,(1),细读首句、启示全文,(2),通读全文，掌握大意。,(3),瞻前顾后，先易后难。,(4),上下连贯，合乎逻辑,(5),复核全文，消除疏漏。,五个出题规律,1. 近义词处常考,2. 形近词处常考,3. 词语搭配处常考,4. 语法知识处常考,5. 语义逻辑处常考,1,、近义词,例,1. because they often (lack) the resources needed to pay for participation,72, equipment, and transportation.,（,08.6,）,A) bill B) accounts C) fees D) fare,解析,这几个词都和“费用” 有关。,fees,指（）为特殊事务如特权或进入权所支付的）手续 费，符合上下文语义，故选,C,。,bill,意为 “账单；钞票” ；,accounts,意为“账号；账目” 。,fare,多指车费、船费、飞机票价等。,C,例,2 Sitting in the theatre I had to look through the _ between the two tall heads in front of me. (2002,年,1,月,),A. crack B. blank C. break D. opening,解析,本题四个选项均可表示“空隙”，只有仔细辨析词义才能作出正确的选择。,Crack,意为“缝隙”，在这里指从两个人的头之间看过去，符合句意。,Blank,意为“空白”，,break,意为“裂缝”，,opening,意为”孔，口子”。,A,例,3 I just heard the _ of the popcorn crunching,（咀嚼）,between my teeth. (2002,年,1,月,),A. voice B. sound C. rhythm D. tone,解析,本题四个选项均有“声音”的含义，但也有细微的差别。,Voice,常指人说话时所发出的“声音”；,sound,则指一般的“声音，响声”；,rhythm,意为“节奏，节律”；,tone,意为“声调，音色”。,B,2.,形近词辨析,例,1 The point in that cycle at which you wake can,72,how you feel later, and may even have a greater impact than how much or little you have slept. (06.6),A) effect B) affect C) reflect D) perfect,B,例,2 Similarly, consumers operating under a given mood state tend to react to stimulate,（刺激因素）,in a direction,77,with that mood state.(07.12),A,）,resistant B,）,persistent,C,）,insistent D,）,consistent,选,D,例3 Nevertheless, as the following suggestions and comments indicate, students feel _80_ with things-as-they-are in the classroom.（01.1）,A) dissatisfiedB) unsatisfactory,C) satisfied D) satisfactory,选A,例,4 Moods should be,69,from emotions which are usually more intense,A,）,derived B,）,descended,C,）,divided D,）,distinguished,选,D,3.,词语搭配常考,最常考的是动词与名词、介词的搭配,例,1 Most students attend a university mainly to,75,the knowledge needed D) ensure for their chosen (profession).,（,08.6,）,A) acquired B) accept,C) endure D) ensure,acquire the knowledge,意为“习得知识”，其他选项不与,knowledge,搭配,A,例,2 To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists,71,online ordering.,(10.6),A) on B) of C) for D) to,B,习惯搭配,例,3 what they were willing to give in return, and how satisfied they were _ the quality of their friendships. (2001,年,6,月,),A. about B. of C. with D. by,C,对。本句在原文中是以宾语从句的形式出现，虽然结构略有变化，但仍能看出,were satisfied with,这一固定搭配。,例,4,（,When,）,people are changing their jobs, partners and lifestyles more often than,79, they need opportunities to learn at every age.(09.12),A) ago B) ever,C) previously D) formerly,“ than ever”,比以前任何时候,”,是固定搭配,选,B,4. 语法知识处常考,完形填空的语法题主要考查一些从句，如定语从句、状语从句、主语从句等引导词的选择或是考查一些固定的语法结构。,例,1 but a bird has a single cry, _ means danger. (2003,年,1,月,),A. it B. which C. that D. this,由前一分句的逗号可知，后面不是一个独立的句子，要接一个从句，且只能是一个非限制性定语从句，因而只有,which,符合。,选,B,语法结构,例,2 Lets look at this definition in more detail because it is language, more than anything else, _ distinguishes man from the rest of the animal world. (2003,年,1,月,),A. it B. as C. that D. what,本题考查的是强调句型：,it is that ,选,D,例,3Nothing (defines) humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract thoughts, _about the universe, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink.(06.12),A) what B) whether C) while D) if,“whetheror”,意为“不论是,还是”,选,B,5.,语义逻辑处常考,文章的语义逻辑,并列（,and, or),、,因果（,because, since, for, as, so, therefore, thus, hence, in that,）、,转折,(but, however, while, nevertheless, still, though, yet),、,对比（,on the contrary, in/by contrast, in/by comparison,）、,补充,(besides, furthermore, in addition, whats more, also, further),、,条件（,if, suppose, provided, supposing, in case, as long as, so far as, on condition that, providing,）,;,时间先后（,before, after,）,例,1 But now he uses subways and trains. “Its not inconvenient at all,” he says. _, “having a car is so 20,th,century.”,A) Therefore B) Besides,C) Otherwise D) Consequently,选,B,1. 语篇的衔接与连贯,例,2 Two thirds cannot correctly place the Civil War between 1850 and 1900. _ when they get the answer right, some are just guessing. (2004,年,6,月,),A. Even B. Though C. Thus D. So,A,对。本题四个选项均可起衔接作用，但结合上下文语境，只有,Even,表示递进，能把整个语篇连贯起来。,例,3 for example, many birds utter warning calls at the approach of danger; monkeys utter different cries, such as expressions of anger, fear and pleasure. _ these various means of communication differ in important ways from human language.(2003,年,1,月,),A. Therefore B. Afterwards,C. But D. Furthermore,C,对。本题也考查语篇的衔接与连贯。上文讲到动物也能通过叫声来交流，并予以举例说明；但动物的这种交流方式显然不能与人类语言相提并论，因此用,But,表示转折，符合上下文语境。,第二节 完形填空5个答题技巧,完形填空考查了考生平时积累词语的广度和深度，语法水平以及逻辑推理能力。以下剖析完形填空的5个技巧，以帮助考生的积累。,利用词语复现,词语复现指空处待填的词在空之前出现过或在空之后再次出现,可以是待填词的同义词、反义词、近义词或同根词等,【,例,1 】To a consumer, the most visible form of e-commerce consists (of ),online ordering.,A customer begins with a catalog of possible items, (selects) an item, arranges a form of payment, and (sends in) an order. Instead of a physical catalog, e-commence arranges for catalogs to be _74_ on the Internet.,A) visible B) responsible,C) feasible D) sensible,【,解析,】on the internet,对应了上文中的,online ordering, visible,原词再现，选,A,寻找复现,(reiteration),：复现，就是相关的单词在不同的地方反复出现。,同义词复现：,【,例,2】,Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The _67_ you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually.,A) form B) fashion C) way D) method,Purchasing,是第一句,buying,的复现。所以，第,67,题的答案也在第一句：,way.,利用词语同现关系,词语同现关系指意义相关的词语出现在同一语篇或同一句群中，构成某一环境下 以某一话题为中心的词汇链。 答题过程中一旦发现与文章主题毫无相关的选项，可立,刻排除，缩小选择范围，加快答题速度遥,In the decade (after) 1993, e-commerce grew from an (insignificant) novelty,（新奇事物）,to a mainstream business influence. In 1993, few,79,had a web page, and (only) a handful allowed one to order products or services online.,A) communities B) corps,C) corporations D) compounds,“business”,和“,corporation”,同属一个词汇链，故选,C,2004.1,71-75 ADBAD,76-80 CBDAD,81-85 BCADA,86-90 CBDAC,2003.1,61-65 BADBC,66-70 CACDB,71-75 CACDC,76-80 CAACD,2002.1,71-75 BDDCC,76-80 DBACC,81-85 BBDAC,86-90 ADBDC,2001.6,61-65 BDCAD,66-70 AABDC,71-75 CABCD,76-80 DABAB,2001.1,71-75 ABDCA,76-80 CDBBA,81-85 CADBD,86-90 ACBCD,谢谢！,61,、奢侈是舒适的，否则就不是奢侈。,CocoChanel,62,、少而好学，如日出之阳；壮而好学，如日中之光；志而好学，如炳烛之光。,刘向,63,、三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。,孔丘,64,、人生就是学校。在那里，与其说好的教师是幸福，不如说好的教师是不幸。,海贝尔,65,、接受挑战，就可以享受胜利的喜悦。,杰纳勒尔,乔治,S,巴顿,