完成时(现在-过去-将来)ppt课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,the Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时,the Present Perfect Tense现在完成时,1,现在完成时的构成：,have / has +动词过去分词,时间状语：already， yet， ever，,never， just， before,现在完成时的构成：have / has +动词过去分词,2,规则动词的过去分词：,1）一般加+ ed:,worked, started,2) “辅音+y”结尾的动词，y 变成i后加ed:,study-studied,3)以“e”结尾的动词后加 “d”:,hope-hoped,4)双写 辅音字母：stopped,动词过去分词形成方式：,规则和不规则变化,规则动词的过去分词：动词过去分词形成方式：,3,动词的过去式以及过去分词,不规则动词的过去式与过去分词:,AAA,:,put put put,letlet let,ABB,:,standstood stood,ABA,:,becomebecamebecome,ABC,:,eat ateeaten,动词的过去式以及过去分词不规则动词的过去式与过去分词:,4,现在完成时的不同的形式：,肯定式：主语+has/have+过去分词（p.p.）+.,M,y sister has already washed all the clothes.,否定式：主语+hasnt+（p.p.）+.,M,y sister hasnt already washed all the clothes.,疑问式：Has/have+主语+p.p.+?,Has,your,sister already washed all the clothes?,肯定答语：Yes, 主语+has,Yes, she has.,否定答语：No， 主语+hasnt,No, she hasnt.,现在完成时的不同的形式：肯定式：主语+has/have+过去,5,He,has lost,his key.,The key isnt in his pockets now.,用法1,He has lost his key.用法1,6,They are in the room now.,They,have come,into the room.,They are in the room now.They,7,past,now,Yesterday , we,cleaned,the,classroom.,Now , the classroom,is clean because,we,have cleaned,it.,用法1,强调,过去发生的动作,对,现在产生的,结果或影响,past now Yesterday , weNow , t,8,1. My father,bought,many books for me yesterday .,Now , I have a lot to read because _,2. I,saw,this film last week.,Now, I know this film because I_.,3. I,finished,my homework yesterday.,Now, I can give it to the teacher because I_,my father,has bought,many books for me.,have seen,it before,have finished,it.,1. My father bought many books,9,“仍然，还 ” 用在疑问句和否定句中。,I havent read this book,yet,.,Have you had breakfast,yet,?,already:,Yet:,“已经”通常用于肯定句中。,I have,already,posted the letter.,有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。,Have you eaten up all the food,already,?,“仍然，还 ” 用在疑问句和否定句中。already:Ye,10,“从来不” 用在否定句中。,Is he famous ?I have,never,heard of him .,ever,never,“曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中。,I have,ever,seen this film.,Have you,ever,been to the USA ?,“从来不” 用在否定句中。evernever“曾经”通常用于,11,“,以前”用在完成时中，放在句尾。,have never read this kind of books,before,.,just,before,“刚刚 ”用在陈述句中。,Ihave,just,bought a novel。,“以前”用在完成时中，放在句尾。justbefore“刚刚,12,She,began to,work,in 1999.,She still works here now.,She has,worked at this school,for 2 years.,用法2：,She began to work in 1999.用法2：,13,now,past,I began to,teach,English at this,school five,years ago.,I,have taught,English at this,school four five years.,用法2：,过去发生的动作一直,延续,到现在。,now past I began to teach I ha,14,1. I am a doctor. I began to work when I was 22.Now , I am 26. I _ for four years.,2. We went to the USA last Monday. Today is Monday . We _ (stay) in the USA since last Monday.,have worked,have stayed,1. I am a doctor. I began to w,15,since,and,for,The woman has worked at this school,for 2 years.( since two years ago),since 2 years ago,since 1998;,since she came to the school),for +,一段时间,since+,点时间,since and forThe woman has wor,16,一、用,for,和,since,填空。,_,three hours,_three oclock,_two days,_yesterday afternoon,_I came here,_last Sunday,_,a week,_a long time,_1997,_two weeks,_three years ago,_ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,一、用for和since填空。_three hou,17,1.Theyve known each other since_.,A.1995 B. three years,2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_.,A. last year B. one year,3. She has been a doctor for_.,A. two years B.two years ago,4. Ive had a headache since_.,A. I got up this morning B. five hours,5. Weve been here for_.,A. one hour B. one oclock,A,A,B,A,B,1.Theyve known each other,18,6. My parents have owned this house for_.,A. a long time B. many years ago,7. Theyve been in love since_.,A. last spring B. three months,8. We have known each other since_.,A. one year B. last year,9. -How long have you been like this?,-Since_. A.last night B. two days,10.-How long has she worked here?,-She has worked here for_.,A. 1993 B. six years,A,A,B,A,B,6. My parents have owned this,19,Exercise,根据所给情况，用just,already或yet造句。,1,.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat? You say: No, thank you. ( have lunch ),2,.Joe goes out. Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe? You say: Im afraid _.( go out ),he has just gone out,Ive just had lunch.,Exercisehe has just gone outI,20,3,.,You are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You say: Wait a moment !_,( not / finish ),4,.You are going to a restaurant this evening.,You phone to reserve(预定）a table. Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table? You say: No,_ it (do),I havent finished it yet.,I have already done,3.You are eating in a restaura,21,5,.You know that a friend of yours is looking for a job. Perhaps she has been successful.,Ask her. You say:_?,( find ),6,.Ann went to the bank, but a few minutes ago she returned. Somebody asks Is Ann still at the bank ? You say: No, _. (come back),Have you already found the job,She has already came back,5.You know that a friend of y,22,比较现在完成时和过去时的,区别：,*现在完成时所表示的是过去,的行动所造成的现在的情况。,*一般过去时表示的是过去发,生的事实,比较现在完成时和过去时的,23,现在完成时不能和确定的过去,时间状语连用，如：yesterday,last year, in 1976，two days ago,just now,但可以和一些不确定的时间状语连用，也可和包括现在在内的时间状语连用，如：,现在完成时不能和确定的过去,24,already, yet, before, lately,recently, once, twice, ever,never。,1)She has already come.,2)I havent read it yet.,already, yet, before, lately,25,*,gocomeleavedie等词语表示,的动作是一时的，不能延续，,不能与for、since等表示一段,时间的词连用，如不能说：,He has gone for two months.(F),但可以说：,He has,been away,for 2months.,*gocomeleavedie等词语表示,26,总结现在完成时：,1、构成：,have / has +过去分词,。,2、概念：(1)表示过去或已经完成的某一动作对现在 成的影响或结果。常与下列状语连用：,already, just, yet, ever, never, before,（2）表示过去已经发生，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的 一段时间的状语连用。,a.,for和表示一段时间的词组连用。,如：for 3 years,b.,since和表示过去某一时刻的词或词组连用,。,如：,since 1997, since two years ago,since last week,总结现在完成时：,27,过去完成时态,过去完成时态,28,2. 过去完成时可以表示,过去某一时刻,或,某一动作之前完成的动作,或,呈现,的状态,。也就是说发生在“,过去的,过去,”。,1. Past perfect Tense 过去完成时,构成：had过去分词,2. 过去完成时可以表示过去某一时刻1. Past perf,29,6:00 7:00 现在,By the time I got up, my sister had already washed all the clothes.,6:00 7:00 现在,30,过去完成时的不同的形式：,肯定式：主语+had+过去分词（p.p.）+.,M,y sister had already washed all the clothes.,否定式：主语+hadnt+（p.p.）+.,M,y sister hadnt already washed all the clothes.,疑问式：Had+主语+p.p.+?,Had,your,sister already washed all the clothes?,肯定答语：Yes, 主语+had,Yes, she had.,否定答语：No， 主语+hadnt,No, she hadnt.,过去完成时的不同的形式：肯定式：主语+had+过去分词（p.,31,The differences between,Present Perfect tense,and,Past Perfect tense,.,She has taught English for 6 years.,“Where is Susan” “She has gone to America”.,表示过去某时发生的动作，这动作可能刚刚停止,也可能还在进行。,The differences between Pr,32,She said she had,taught English for,6 years.,(2) By the time I,got to London, she,had gone toAmerica.,表示过去某时之前发生的动作。,现在完成时,:,主语 + have / has done,过去完成时,:,主语 + had done,She said she had 表示过去某时之前发生的动,33,1,.我到家时她已经睡了。,By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed.,2,.到昨天晚上时消息已传遍全球。,By yesterday evening the news had spread through the world.,1.我到家时她已经睡了。 By the time I g,34,3.他走以后我找到了那封信。,I found the letter after he had gone away.,We reached the cinema late. The film had already been on for ten minutes.,4.我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始十分钟了。,3.他走以后我找到了那封信。 I found the,35,常用的时间状语等标志词：,1、,by, before, when, by the time,等构成的短语或引导的从句。,Eg. 1)By the time she came to the bus stop, the bus had already gone.,2) We had finished the task before midnight.,3) When I arrived at the post office, I found that I had left the letter at home.,4) After I had finished my homework, I went to bed.,常用的时间状语等标志词：,36,2、,由said, told, knew, heard, thought 等引导的宾语从句中。,Eg. He told me that he had heard of it.,I thought my homework had been fininshed. But I didnt.,3、 从过去开始， 一直持续到过去的另一时间的动作、状态。常用since，for.,Eg. She said that she had learned English for years since he came to our school,注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间状语，及since, for 引导的从句和短语连用,。,2、 由said, told, knew, heard, t,37,Eg. 1.When I got to the cinema, the film had begun for ten minutes.,2.When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for ten minutes.,3.He said the door had been opened for long.,4.He said the door had opened for long.,5.He said the door had been open for long.,Eg. 1.When I got to the cinema,38,翻译下列各句：,1、当我到达音乐厅的时，这名流行歌手已经离开了。,2、到昨天早上，他已经给我打了好几个电话了。,3、当医生被派人请来时，这个病人已经等了10分钟了。,4、我昨天看到Jim了。我们已经5年没有见面了。,5、昨天我把我借的那本小说还给了图书管。,翻译下列各句：,39,Can you do it?,By yesterday morning, he _(call) me ten times.,The patient _(die) when the doctor arrived.,I saw Lin Feng yesterday. We _(not meet) each other for five years.,had called,had died,had not met,Can you do it?By yesterday mor,40,4. I returned the book that I_(borrow).,5. He said that he _(know) her well.,6. The match _(be) on for half an hour.,7. The match _(be) on for half an hour when I got there.,8. They _(do) the work at 11 oclock yesterday morning.,had borrowed,had known,has been,had been,did,4. I returned the book that I_,41,9. They _(do) the work by 11 oclock yesterday morning.,10. The pop singers _(leave) when I got to the music hall last night. What a pity!,11. How clean the room is today!,Oh, yes! Who _(clean) it?,had done,had left,cleaned,9. They _(do) the work,42,12.What were you doing when Jim phoned you?,I _(finish) my homework and was starting to take a shower.,13. Have you ever been to Guilin?,Yes. I _(go) there four months ago.,had finished,went,12.What were you doing when Ji,43,将来完成时,Future Perfect Tense,将来完成时Future Perfect Tense,44,将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续的动作。,经常与before+将来时间或by+将来时间连用，也可与before或by the time引导的现在时的从句连用。,Concept,将来完成时用来表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成或一直持续,45,状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。,b. 动作完成：表示将来某一时或另一个将来的动作之前，已经完成的动作或一获得的经验。,状态完成：表示某事继续到将来某一时为止一直有的状态。,46,shall / will + have done,1. shall + have done 只用于第一人称,2.will + have done 用于所有人称,构成形式,shall / will + have done构成形式,47,1.表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。,用法,1.表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间,48,Eg. We shall have learned 12 units by the end of this term.,到这个学期末，我们将学完12个单元。,Eg. We shall have learned 12 u,49,By the time you get home I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.,你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。,By the time you get home I,50,2.表示推测，相当于“must have done”结构。,Eg.You will have heard of this,I guess.,我想你已经听说过这件事了。,2.表示推测，相当于“must have done”结构。,51,I am sure he will have got the information.,我相信他一定得到了这个信息。,I am sure he will have got the,52,练习题,1.By the end of this year,I_enough money for a hoilday.,A will save,B will be saving,C will have saved,D have saved,练习题1.By the end of this year,I,53,2.I have been studying here for four years, by next summer I _.,A shall graduate,B shall be graduated,C shall be graduating,D shall have graduated,2.I have been studying here fo,54,3. I hope her health _greatly by the time we come back next year.,A improves,B improved,C will be improved,D will have improved,3. I hope her health _greatl,55,4. Are you going to Richards birthday party?Yes. By then I _my home work.,A had finished,B will have finished,C would have finished,D finished,4. Are you going to Richa,56,5.I suppose by the time I come back in ten yearss time, all these old house _down.,A will have been pulled,B will be pulling,C will have pulled,D will be pulled,5.I suppose by the time I come,57,6. I hope that they _ the road by the time we come back.,A will have repaired,B would have repaired,C have repaired,D have repaired,6. I hope that they _ the ro,58,THANK U,THANK U,59,