英语高考阅读理解指导课件

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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,高考英语阅读,高考英语阅读,目录,CONTENTS,1,3,2,高考试卷结构,讨论题,4,阅读理解解题突破,阅读理解定位解析,目录 CONTENTS132高考试卷结构讨论题4阅读理解解题,2,1,，阅读理解在高考试卷结构,高,考,15,0,分,2,小时,听力（,30,分）,单项选择（,15,分）,完形填空（,1,.520,题,=30,分）,阅读理解（,15,题,2=30,分）,句子还原（,5,题,2=10,分）,作文（,15,分,+20,分,=35,分）,1，阅读理解在高考试卷结构高考,3,2,，,阅读理解,定位解析,发展趋势,阅读量在逐渐变大,单词难度加大,文体的选择,科普类、心理类、故事类、社会类、广告类,2，阅读理解定位解析发展趋势,4,2,，,阅读理解,定位解析,考纲要求,理解文章和段落的大意,文章主旨题和段落主旨题,了解文章中的重点细节,细节题,(,原因细节，句子理解,),根据文中内容推理推断,推理题,猜测文中某些单词的词义,词汇题,2，阅读理解定位解析考纲要求,2,，,阅读理解,定位解析,考纲要求,分清文章中的事实和观点,询问作者观点,理解作者意图，询问作者的写作目的,例证题,理解指代关系,指代题,理解文章结构,文章结构题,2，阅读理解定位解析考纲要求,2,，,阅读理解,定位解析,阅读中的三个问题,1.,文章读不懂。,2.,文章做不完。,3.,题目老做错。,2，阅读理解定位解析阅读中的三个问题,7,文章读不懂，怎么办？,单词,The trial(,审判,) was a parody of justice(,公平,).,Some people have an antipathy to cats.,文章读不懂，怎么办？单词The trial(审判) wa,文章读不懂，怎么办？,单词,四个问题：,1.,要掌握多少单词？,考纲要求,3000,左右,2.,掌握单词到何种程度？,积极词汇,认知词汇,3.,掌握哪些单词？,近五年的真题试卷,文章读不懂，怎么办？单词四个问题：,文章读不懂，怎么办？,单词,4.,如何去掌握单词？（背单词的方法）,a.,短时间内多次重复,时间间隔,记忆量,刚刚记忆完毕,100%,20,分钟之后,58.2%,1,小时之后,44.2%,8-9,个小时之后,35.8%,1,天后,33.7%,2,天后,27.8%,6,天后,25.4%,一个月后,21.1%,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,文章读不懂，怎么办？单词4. 如何去掌握单词？（背单词的,文章读不懂，怎么办？,单词,b.,不在于“背”了多少，在于有多少属于自己。,c.,背单词就像烧开水，贵在坚持！,Return,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,文章读不懂，怎么办？单词英语高考阅读理解指导共61张,文章做不完怎么办？,熟练度,1.,对单词的熟练度。,2.,对句法的熟练度。,如何提高熟练度？,多看！多读！,推荐看,21st century,Return,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,文章做不完怎么办？熟练度1. 对单词的熟练度。英语高考阅,题目老做错怎么办？,逻辑思维,做题方法：,1.,题型的分类：,(1),主旨题,(2),细节题,(3),推理题,(4),词汇题,(5),例证题,(6),写作方法题,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,题目老做错怎么办？逻辑思维做题方法：英语高考阅读理解指导,小结,明确阅读的趋势,明白哪些阅读能力需要培养,阅读中的常见问题,读不完,做不对,读不懂,熟练度,逻辑思维,单词,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,小结明确阅读的趋势明白哪些阅读能力需要培养阅读中的常见问题读,3,，,阅读理解,突破,做题基本方法,1.,读题目,找出题干中的关键信息,2.,读文章，边读边划,划出,:,与题干关键信息相对应处,常考出题点,3.,做题,主旨题放到最后做。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,3，阅读理解突破做题基本方法英语高考阅读理解指导共61张P,15,4,，,阅读理解,突破,题型介绍,主旨题,细节题,例证题,推断题,词汇题,写作方法题,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,4，阅读理解突破题型介绍英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT,主旨题,(,两类,),1.,段落主旨题,(1),常见设问方法,The main idea of paragraph is_.,(2),解题方法,段落主旨一般是段落首句，若有转折，则在转折后，极少数在段落末句。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,主旨题(两类)1. 段落主旨题英语高考阅读理解指导共61张,The Rome Empire came to an end about 1500 years ago. Yet in some ways it is still with us. Take the letters you are reading for example, English, like many other languages, uses the Rome alphabet(,字母,) while also borrowing many words. The laws of many European countries are based on ancient Roman laws. Roman ruins(,废墟,) are seen throughout Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East. In some places, Roman roads and water courses are still in use. To this day, any European in North Africa is likely to be called Roumi- Roman. Even modern place names are often after Ancient Rome. Both Greece and Germany have the names given by the Romans rather than the names that their own people first called them.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,The Rome Empire cam,Question:,The main idea of the paragraph is that Roman culture is_.,A. dead and gone,B.,based,completely on language,C. still part of the present,D. unimportant to history,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,Question: The main idea of the,主旨题,(,两类,),2.,文章主旨题,(1),常见设问方法：,The main idea of the passage is_.,选主要内容,What can be the best title of the passage _.,选标题,The writers purpose of writing this passage is to_.,选目的,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,主旨题(两类)2.文章主旨题英语高考阅读理解指导共61张P,主旨题,(,两类,),(2),解题方法：,看文章第一段和后面每段的前一或二句话，把内容归纳起来就是文章主旨。,当归纳遇到困难时，说明文章涉及到某一问题的两面（此两面专指好或坏），这时：,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,主旨题(两类)(2)解题方法：英语高考阅读理解指导共61张,主原则：选多不选少,副原则：选后不选前,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,主原则：选多不选少英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语高,主旨题正确选项特征,其表述一定要尽量多的涵盖每一段的内容。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,主旨题正确选项特征其表述一定要尽量多的涵盖每一段的内容。英语,注意,:,分清文章主旨和写作方法,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,注意:分清文章主旨和写作方法英语高考阅读理解指导共61张P,小结,主旨题,文章主旨题,段落主旨题,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,小结主旨题文章主旨题段落主旨题英语高考阅读理解指导共61张,段落主旨题,段落首句,段落主旨,转折后,若有转折,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,段落主旨题段落首句段落主旨转折后若有转折英语高考阅读理解指导,文章主旨题,文章主旨,归纳第一段和每段首句,若有两个态度,选多不选少选后不选前,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,文章主旨题文章主旨归纳第一段和每段首句若有两个态度选多不选少,细节题,针对文中的某一具体细节设题。,（,1,）常见细节题分类：,(a),问答式细节题,（特殊疑问句）,(b),填空式细节题,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,细节题针对文中的某一具体细节设题。英语高考阅读理解指导共6,细节题,(2),解题方法,: (,三步曲,),第一步：注意题干中出现的关键信息,:,(a),专有名词如人名，地名等，,(b),数字如价格、百分比、年代，,(c),题干中与原文信息相关的名词、动词、形容词等。,第二步：回原文定位，找出相应信息。,第三步：问什么答什么（问答式），缺什么补什么（填空式）。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,细节题(2)解题方法: (三步曲)英语高考阅读理解指导共6,细节题解题方法,(,三步曲,),如果定位时发现选项原文都有涉及，这时：,选细不选粗，,选全不选片。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,细节题解题方法(三步曲)如果定位时发现选项原文都有涉及，这时,Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers . After a study of 800 persons with high blood pressure , they found that after 6 months , those devoted to weight lossexercise and eating a low-salt , low-fat foodlost about 13 pounds and became fitter . Plus , 35% of them dropped into the “normal” category(,范畴,). This week , Dr . Alan Duckworth will tell you how these people reduce their blood pressure to a level similar to whats achieved with Hypertension drugs .,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,Is it possible to beat,Question:,which of following has almost the same effect as Hypertension drug ?,A,Exercise and a healthy diet .,B,Loss of thirteen pounds in weight .,C,Six months of exercise without drugs,D,Low-salt and low-fat food .,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,Question: which of following,填空式细节题做完后记得把选项带入题干，题干,+,题支正确才是最后的正确。,解这种题的一个关键就是“找”！,注意,:,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,填空式细节题做完后记得把选项带入题干，题干+题支,小结,细节题,回原文定位,答案,找关键信息,内容都有涉及,选细不选粗，,选全不选片。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,小结细节题回原文定位答案找关键信息内容都有涉及选细不选粗，英,例证题,(1),开头举例,目的：引出主题,特征：开头就举例,当文章主旨题做,(2),大例子,特征：整段出现，多次出现。,目的：证明全文观点（主题）,当文章主旨题做,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,例证题(1)开头举例英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语,例证题,(3),小例子,特征：语言简短，段落中间。,目的：证明段落观点,当段落主旨题做,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,例证题(3)小例子英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语高,If we intend to have friends to dinner, we plan the menu, make a shopping list, decide which food to cook first, and such planning is an essential blueprint for any type of meal to be served. Likewise, if you want to find a job, take a sheet of paper, and write a brief account of yourself. In making a blueprint for a job, begin with yourself, for when you know exactly what you have to offer, you can intelligently plan where to sell your services.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,If we intend to have,Question:,A blueprint made before inviting a friend to dinner is used in his passage as_.,A. an illustration(,例证,) of how to write an,application for a job,B. an indication(,指示,) of how to get a good job,C. a guideline(,指导路线,) for job description,D. a principle(,原则，原理,) for job evaluation,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,Question: A blueprint made bef,推理题,(1),特点：,(a),题干中一般带有推理的词，如：,probably, infer, suggest, learn,，,(b),题干中有假设,(c),询问作者观点。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,推理题(1)特点：英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语高,推理题,(2),常见出题方式：,(a)This passage is most probably_.,(b)It can be inferred from the,paragraph/passage that_.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,推理题(2)常见出题方式：英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PP,推理题,(3),解题方法：,用关键信息定位原文，在原文中找到根据再选答案，推理题不要推。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,推理题(3)解题方法：用关键信息定位原文，在原文中找到根,ARICEPT(a kind of medicine to help Alzheimer,s disease)is good for many but may not be good for everyone. Some people may experience not sleeping well, feeling very tired, or not wanting to eat. In studies, these side effects weren,t serious at all and went away over time. Some people taking ARICEPT may feel light-headed. In this case you should tell your doctors because your condition may get worse.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,ARICEPT(a kind of,Question:,One who is taking ARICEPT should go to see a doctor if he_.,A,can,t fall asleep,B,feels tired out,C,has no desire to eat,D,feels like a drunken man,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,Question: One who is taking,词汇题,(1),常见出题形式,The word “” in the passage means that _.,The word ” can best be described as_.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,词汇题(1)常见出题形式英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT,词汇题,(2),解题方法,返回原文，找到该词，通过其前后的定语从句，同位语，同位语从句，并列结构，搭配习惯，标点，如：“：”，“,”等去推导该词的含义。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,词汇题(2)解题方法英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语,猜词法,(1),根据构词法猜词,用这种方法就要掌握英语中的一些词根词缀。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法(1)根据构词法猜词英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PP,猜词法,Example:,Futurologist,future,未来的,-ology,学科,geology,，,psychology,，,biology,-ist ,学家，,主义者,communist,，,scientist,，,artist,未来学家,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法Example:英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英,猜词法,(2),根据句子中的语法知识猜词,Example:,The purpose of the campaign(,活动,) was to catch,“,ringers,”, students who take tests for other student.,同位语,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法(2)根据句子中的语法知识猜词英语高考阅读理解指导共,猜词法,The,explorers,thought that this was a,fossil,of an,extinct,animal that once lived but does not exist now.,定语从句,定语从句的引导词在从句中充当成分，而同位语从句中的引导词在从句中只起连接作用。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法 The explorers though,猜词法,(3),根据标点符号猜词,Personality is to a large extent(,在很大程度上,),inherent,- A-type,parents,usually,bring,about,A-type children.,破折号,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法 (3)根据标点符号猜词英语高考阅读理解指导共61张,猜词法,We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substance(drug) is,pervasive,: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.,括号，冒号,冒号、破折号、括号，这些标点一般在文中起解释说明的作用。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法 We live in a society,猜词法,(4),根据句子和词语间的逻辑关系猜词,同义互释关系,As every policeman knows, external(,外部的,) controls on peoples behavior are far less effective than internal,restraints,such as guilt, shame.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法(4)根据句子和词语间的逻辑关系猜词英语高考阅读理解指,猜词法,反义互释关系,In,fact, he must sometimes wonder if the motor car is a blessing and not a,menace,.,危险,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法反义互释关系英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语高,猜词法,种属关系,The conference was attended by prime-ministers, ministers, ambassadors, presidents and other important national,dignitaries,.,权贵,高官,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法种属关系英语高考阅读理解指导共61张PPT英语高考阅,猜词法,(5),根据文中下定义的句子猜词,Accountability,isnt hard to define. It means that every person is responsible for his or her actions.,Stage school,often act as agencies to supply children for stage and television work.,A,territory,is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims,（声称）,as its own.,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法(5)根据文中下定义的句子猜词英语高考阅读理解指导共,猜词法,(6),根据文章中生词所在的上下文内容猜词,根据生活中的常识猜词,Peter jumped onto the motorbike and his girlfriend sat behind him on the,pillion,.,摩托车后座,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,猜词法(6)根据文章中生词所在的上下文内容猜词英语高考阅读理,写作方法题,询问作者用怎样的方法来写自己的文章的。,记叙文：,story,说明文：,description,议论文：,argument,evidence conclusion,Example,是,evidence,的一种。,同时,example,包含了：,fact or story,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,写作方法题询问作者用怎样的方法来写自己的文章的。英语高考阅读,常见出题点,1,、转折处经常出题，如,but, however,nevertheless,2,、举例处经常出题,3,、原因处经常出题，如,because,4,、特殊符号处经常出题。如 “,”破折号,5,、比较级最高级处容易出题,6,、段落的开头处常出题,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,常见出题点1、转折处经常出题，如but, however,错误选项的来源,1,、根据常识编写选项,由于高考里有些文章是很贴切我们的生活的，所以出题人会根据我们的常识来编写答案，但由于这些答案是编的，所以文中不会有出处，不要被欺骗。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,错误选项的来源1、根据常识编写选项英语高考阅读理解指导共6,错误选项的来源,2,、从文章里的选出词语，进行移花接木,这些选项由于是移花接木出来的，接得好的相当有迷惑性，我们要仔细与原文对照方可发现不妥之处，而有些接得稀烂，这些选项牛头不对马嘴，不读文则章都知道是错的。,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,错误选项的来源2、从文章里的选出词语，进行移花接木英语高考阅,4,，,阅读理解,突破,四，（高考）经典模拟题真题精讲,近年高考真题阅读理解,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,英语高考阅读理解指导共,61,张,PPT,4，阅读理解突破四，（高考）经典模拟题真题精讲英语高考阅读理,61,

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