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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Learning about Language,Learning about Language,Alternative words and expressions,break down food using teeth,outer covering of a body or plant,the lower part or point of something,be happy and satisfied with; not wanting more,surprise greatly,astonish,in every part of,throughout,special, more than usual,particular,someone or something that is not successful,failure,extremely good,when water is hot enough to turn into gas,boil,outstanding,chew,skin,bottom,content,Alternative words and expressi,Answer key for Exercise 2:,chew; astonished; bottom;,contented; particular; throughout;,failure; skin,Answer key for Exercise 2:chew,Noun,Adjective,Noun,Adjective,enjoyment,enjoyable,difficulty,difficult,entertainment,entertaining,cruelty,cruel,mouth,mouthful,honesty,honest,help,helpful,fortune,fortunate,NounAdjectiveNoun Adjectiveenj,Grammar,动词,-ing,形式作表语、定语和宾补,Grammar动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补,动词,-ing,形式作表语、定语和宾补,一、动词,-ing,形式作表语,动名词作表语表示抽象的、一般的行为，现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。,我们最大的幸福是为人民服务。,Our greatest happiness is serving the people,.,（动名词）,我们的任务是建设社会主义。,Our task is building socialism.,（动名词）,动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾补,我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。,The film we saw last night is quite moving.,（现在分词）,他的话很鼓舞人。,His words are encouraging.,（现在分词）,我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。,常用来作表语的现在分词有,astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising,等。,全析提示：,（,1,）动名词作表语和主语是等值关系，两者有时可以互换，句子意思不变；动名词后面可以接宾语、状语。,（,2,）现在分词作表语和主语不是对等关系，现在分词后面不能接宾语，但它前面可以有修饰性的副词，如,very, rather,等。,常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusi,二、动词,-ing,形式作定语,动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。,我们必须改进工作方法。,We must improve our,working,method.,（动名词）,他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。,They set up an,operating,table in a small temple.,（动名词）,二、动词-ing形式作定语,中国是发展中国家。,China is a,developing,country.,（现在分词）,正在做实验的那个学生是我们的班长,。,The student,making,the experiment is our monitor.,（现在分词）,中国是发展中国家。,全析提示：,动名词短语不能作定语，单个的动名词可以用作定语，但仅作前置定语。,如,working method=method for working,工作方法,2.,单个分词和分词短语都可作定语，单个分词一般作前置定语，分词短语则作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。,如：,the man visiting Japan=the man who is visiting Japan,访日的那个人。,全析提示：,三、动词,-ing,形式作宾补,动名词不能作宾语补足语。现在分词作宾补表示的是正在发生的动作。,例如：,我看见他正在上楼。,I saw him,going,upstairs.,我们看着她在过大街。,We watched her,crossing,the street.,我们听见她在房间里唱歌。,We heard her,singing,in her room,。,三、动词-ing形式作宾补,全析提示：,接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有,feel, hear, listen to, see, look at, watch, observe, notice, find, smell, set, have, keep, start, leave, get catch,等。,全析提示：接现在分析作宾语补足语的动词有feel, hear,2. Mr Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel.,tired; boring B. tiring; bored,C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring,解析：,此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。,tired, moved, interested excited,等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；,tiring, moving, interesting, exciting,等现在分词叙述的是某一物或事情给予人的感受。句意为,“,史密斯先生对这个令人厌烦的讲话感受厌倦了，所以开始读起一本小说来,”,。,2. Mr Smith, _ of the _,1. The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.,missing; playing B. missing; play,C. missed; played D. missed; to play,解析：,missing,是形容词，作,boy,的定语，意思是,“,失踪的,”,。,was last seen playing,表示被看见时正在玩。,高考链接,1. The _ boy was last see,3. When we watched the national flag _ in the Olympic Games on TV, we raised a cheer.,A. rise B. being risen,C. raised D. being raised,解析：本题考查分词作补语，,rise,是不及物动词，先排除,A,、,B,两项，国旗是被人们升起的，应该用分词的被动形式，句意为：当看到电视中奥林匹克运动会上国旗正在被升起时，我们欢呼起来。,3. When we watched the nationa,4. He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world.,cut out B. cut off,C. cut up D. cut through,解析：,cut out,的意思是,“,切下；删除,”,。,cut off,意思是,“,切断；使,(,人、城镇,),孤立,”,。,cut up,的意思是,“,切碎,”,。,cut through,的意思是,“,穿越,”,。本句的意思是：他住院六个月感到似乎与外界隔绝了。,4. He was in hospital for six,5. We sat there, _with what we listened to.,satisfying B . to satisfy,C. contented D. content,解析：本题考查动词用法。,satisfied,表示,“,感到满意的,”,，把,A,、,B,两项排除；,content,既是形容词，又是动词，,be content with,对,满足。,5. We sat there, _with wh,6. The boy burst into tears _ he saw his mother.,direct B. direction,C. directly D. directly when,解析：本题考查,direct,的用法，作动词时表示,“,导演；指示,”,；作副词时表示,“,径直地；直接地,”,，作形容词时是,“,直接的,”,；而,directly,表示,“,一,就,”,，相当于,as soon as.,6. The boy burst into tears _,Homework,Make use of different learning resources to summarize the rule,of v- ing forms.,Homework Make use of differe,
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