英语语音培训讲座(课件)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,ENGLISH PHONETICS,ENGLISH PHONETICS,1,Vowels and Consonants,2,Strong and Weak Forms,3,Stress,4,Intonation,目录,CONTENTS,5,Rhythm,linking,6,1Vowels and Consonants2Strong,01,CHAPTER,Classification of English phonemes,vowels,consonants,01Classification of English ph,3,1.Classification of English phonemesvowels and consonants,The distinction between vowels and consonants lies in the obstruction of airstream.,In the pronunciation of a vowel,the air stream from the lungs meets no obstruction of any kind in the throat,the nose,or the mouth,while in the pronunciation of a consonant,the air stream from the lungs is obstructed in one way or another.,1.Classification of English p,4,Vowels:more sonorant,Consonants:less sonorant,Vowels:can stand alone;be a word by themselves,Consonants:must combine with vowels to form words,Vowels:can be sung,Consonants:cannot be sung,Vowels:voiced sound,Consonants:noisy sound,Vowels:more sonor,5,Description of vowels,This is a projection of the vowel space in the vocal tract between the hard palate and the rear wall of the pharynx:,Description of vowelsThis is,6,Vowels can be placed according to tongue position on the IPA,Vowel Quadrilateral,(see IPA Chart):,Vowels can be placed according,7,The part of the tongue that is raised front,center,or back.(horizontal axis),Lip,posture,The extent to which the tongue rises in the direction of the palate(vertical axis)high,mid(often divided into mid-high and mid-low),and low.,length,The kind of opening made at the lips various degrees of lip rounding or spreading,.,Classification of English vowels,Tongue,position,The part of the tongue that is,Vowels can be placed according to tongue position on the IPA,Vowel Quadrilateral,(see IPA Chart):,Vowels can be placed according,9,Lip posture,(IPA)The lips can be,spread,as for i,rounded,as for u,or,neutral,as for.,Rounded vowels are produced with the corner of the lips brought forward,while unrounded vowels are produced with the corners pulled back.In English,all the front vowels and the central vowels are unrounded vowels,i.e.,without rounding the lips,and all the back vowels except/:/are rounded vowels.,Lip posture (IPA)The lips c,10,Comparison for/i:/&/,Similarity:both,/i:/and/,are high front vowels,Dissimilarities:,the tongue-position is higher for,/i:/,than that for,/,/i:/,is at the most front part of the tongue,while,/,is closer to the central part of the tongue,The lips,are more closed and spread for,/i:/,than for,/,/i:/,is long vowel and,/,is a short vowel;,/i:/,is a much more tense sound than,/,Comparison for/i:/&/Sim,11,Comparison for/u:/&/,Similarity:both,/u:/,and/,are high back vowels,Dissimilarities:,the raised part of the tongue for/u:/is higher than that for/;,the part of the tongue raised for,/,is not as back as that for,/u:/,/u:/,has quite strong lip rounding while the lips are only slightly rounded for,/,/u:/,is long vowel and,/,is a short vowel;,/u:/,is a much more tense sound than,/,Comparison for/u:/&/Sim,12,DiphthongsMonophthongs vs.Diphthongs,Monophthongs,vowels with a stable tongue position and vowel quality over time,Diphthongs,vowels produced with the tongue moving from one part of the vowel space to another during which the quality changes.,The diphthongs in English include,/e/a/a/e/.,DiphthongsMonophthongs vs.Di,13,3.1 Classification of diphthongs Closing diphthongs,3.1 Classification of diphtho,14,Classification of diphthongs Centering diphthongs,Classification of diphthongs,15,English Consonants,English Consonants,16,1.Classification of English consonants,There are 24 consonants in English.These consonants may be classified according to the following:1)place of articulation,2)manner of articulation,and 3)voicing,i.e.voiced or voiceless.,Manner of articulation,means how obstruction is created,(,发音时气流受阻的方式,),For example:,1.Classification of English c,17,According to the manner of articulation we can distinguish:,1)stops(or plosives,爆破音、塞音,),2)fricatives,擦音,3)affricates,塞擦音,4)nasals,鼻音,5)lateral(s),流音,6)semi-vowels,半元音,According to the manner of art,18,Place of articulation,refers to the place where obstruction is created,(,气流在何部位受阻,),bilabial,(,双唇音,),labiodental,(,唇齿音,),dental,(,齿间音,),alveolar,(,齿龈音,),postalveolar,(,后齿龈音,),retroflex,(,卷舌音,),palatal,(,腭音,),velar,(,软腭音,),uvular,(,小舌音,),pharyngeal,(,喉壁音,),glottal,(,声门音,),Place of articulation refers t,19,According to the place of articulation we may distinguish the following types of consonants:,1)bilabial(two lips,双唇音,),2)labio-dental(top teeth/bottom lip,唇齿音,),3)dental(tongue tip/top teeth,齿音,),4)alveolar(tongue tip/tooth ridge,齿龈音,),5)post-alveolar(tongue tip/hard palate,后齿龈音,),6)palate-alveolar(tongue mid/hard palate,腭龈音,),7)palatal(tongue mid/hard palate,腭音,),8)velar(tongue back/soft palate,软腭音,),9)glottal(not localized,声门音,),According to the place of arti,20,Place of,Articulation,Manners,of Articulation,State of the Vocal Cords,B V,B V,B V,B V,B V,B V,V,B V,B,Bi-,labial,Labio-,Dental,Dental,Alveolar,Post-,Alveolar,Palato-,Alveolar,Palatal,Velar,Glottal,Plosives,p b,t d,k,g,Nasals,m,n,Fricatives,f v,s z,h,Affricates,Lateral,l,Approximant,(w),r,j,w,Place of State of the Vocal,21,英语语音培训讲座(课件),22,PLOSIVE,NASAL,VOICELESS,VOICED,m,LABIAL,p,b,ALVEOLAR,t,d,n,VELAR,k,g,/p/has the features VOICELESS,LABIAL,PLOSIVE in English,etc.,PLOSIVENASALVOICELESSVOICEDLAB,23,3.3 Phonemic contrast,，,complementary distribution,，,and,minimal pair,(,音位对立、互补分布、最小对立对,),Phonemic contrast,refers to the relation between two phonemes.If two phonemes can occur in the same environment and distinguish meaning,they are in phonemic contrast.,EX./p/and/b/,p,in,and,b,in,(in,initial,position),ro,p,e,and,ro,b,e,(in,final,position),3.3 Phonemic contrast，compleme,24,On the other hand,，,t and t,h,never contrast each other.They are two allophones of the same phoneme/p/.,(,它们是同一音位,/t/,的音位变体,),They occur in different environments,(,只出现在不同的语音环境中,):,EX.t in,stop,and t,h,in,top,l in,leaf,and in,feel,Two allophones of the same phoneme are said to be in,complementary distribution,.,(,同一个音位的两个音位变体之间的关系是互补分布。,),On the other hand，t and th,25,When two different forms are identical in every way except for one sound segment which occurs in the same place in the strings,the two words are said to form a,minimal pair,(,在两个单词中，同一位置的一个语音，切分成分不同外，其余的都相同，这两个单词就形成了一个最小对立对。,),EX.,pill,bill,pill,till,till,kill,kill,dill,dill,gill,When two different forms are i,26,Accordingly,we can conclude that/p/b/t/d/k/,g,/are phonemes in English.Then all these sound combinations together constitute a minimal set;they are identical in form except for the initial consonant.,Also,beat,bit,，,bat,，,boot,，,but,，,bait,，,bite,，,boat,are a minimal set;they are identical in form except for the vowel/i:/i/e/u:/ei/ai/.,Accordingly,we can conclude t,27,Some of the minimal pairs for English phonemes:vowels,/i:/beat bit/:/egirl gale,/bit bet/e/a/tale tile,/bet bat/a/tile toil,/bat but/toil toll,/:/hut heart/atone town,/:/heart hot/a/how here,/:/pot port/ehere hair,/:/port put/e/pair poor,/u:/full fool/i:/poor pea,/u:/:/cool curl,Some of the minimal pairs for,28,Some of the minimal pairs for English phonemes:consonants,/p/b/pin bin /w/j/wet yet,/b/t/bin tin/j/,/,yolk choke,/t/d/tin din/,/,/choke joke,/d/k/din-kin/,/f/jade fade,/k/,g,coat goat /f/v/fail veil,/,g,/h/got hot /v/heave heath,/h/m/height might /wreath-wreathe,/m/n/might night /s/though sew,/n/kin king /s/z/bus buzz,/l/tin till /z/zoo shoe,/l/r/led red /Confucian confusion,/r/w/reel wheel /t/beige bait,Some of the minimal pairs for,29,QUESTIONS&EXERCISES:,Is it possible to prove that l and are allophones of different phonemes in English?,Yes.For example,lip,and,pill,let,and,tell,.They are complementary distribution of the same phoneme/l/.,QUESTIONS&EXERCISES:Is it p,30,2.Is it possible to prove that and are allophones of different phonemes in English?,Yes.For example thigh/,a,/and thy/a/;bath/b:/and bathe/be/;breath/,bre,/and breathe/bri:/,2.Is it possible to prove t,31,方言的负迁移,-,中国方言对英语发音的影响,方言的负迁移-中国方言对英语发音的影响,四川,甘青宁新,云南,福建,贵州,湖南,天气泰勒了,旁望着,重天里的小山葱,乌拉那拉氏,石狮子,.,弗兰的肥族,.,四川甘青宁新云南福建贵州湖南天气泰勒了旁望着重天里的小山葱乌,Plosives,Incomplete plosives,Plosives+Plosives,a,ct,ive/bla,ck,b,oard/boo,kc,ase/po,s,t,-,c,ard/Se,pt,ember/pu,t d,own/we,t g,round/nex,t,d,oor/sto,p,t,alking/kee,p,q,uiet/ta,ke,c,are/no,t b,ad/grea,t c,oncern/har,d,t,imes/qui,te,d,ifferent/was,te,t,ime/a grea,t,d,eal,PlosivesIncomplete plosives Pl,34,Plosives+Fricatives,Friendshi,p,f,irst/ol,d,f,riends/ste,p f,orward/re,d,f,lags/a brigh,t,f,uture/swee,t f,lowers/ri,pe,f,ruit/a comple,te,f,ailure/a,dv,ance/a,dv,ice/a kin,d v,oice/a one-side,d,v,iew/firs,t v,isit/secon,d,v,olume/constan,t,v,igilance/a comple,te,v,ictory,Jus,t,th,ink/a thousan,d,th,anks/ge,t,th,rough/ta,ke th,ree/brigh,t th,ought/the righ,t,th,ing abstrac,t th,eory/bla,ck,th,read/ge,t,th,ere/jus,t,th,en/ta,ke,th,is/as,k,th,em,Plosives+FricativesFriendshi,35,re,d,s,tars/brigh,t s,ky/firs,t,s,tep/kee,p s,ilent/shor,t,s,tories/fol,k,s,ongs/dee,p,s,now/a grea,t,s,uccess/a goo,d,s,eason/a bi,g,z,oo/a goo,d,z,ipper,boo,ksh,elves/firs,t sh,ift/don,t,sh,out/loo,k sh,arp/ma,ke,s,ure/a goo,d,sh,ot/a smar,t,sh,irt/a publi,c,sh,ow,red stars/bright sky/first,36,Plosives+Affricates,whi,te,ch,alk/grea,t ch,anges/lou,d ch,eers/a goo,d,tr,y/a goo,d ch,ild/the firs,t,ch,apter/a bi,t dr,y/a secon,d,ch,oice/a goo,d,j,ob/a bla,ck,j,acket/a bi,g,tr,ee/a bi,g,j,ar/a har,d,j,ourney/excellen,t j,udgment/a fas,t,tr,ain/a swee,t,dr,eam/a col,d,dr,ink,Plosives+Affricates white ch,37,Nasal Plosion,/,p,b,/,t,d,/,k,g,/,o,pen,cot,ton,ba,con,hap,pen,but,ton,bro,ken,su,bm,itmoun,tain,thic,ken,ca,bm,ansud,den,si,gn,al,su,bn,ormalhid,den,i,gn,orant,ri,pe n,utsmi,dn,ightfra,gm,ent,sto,p,n,owno,t,m,ineta,ke m,ine,sto,p,m,oaninggoo,d,m,orningdar,k,n,ight,kee,p,m,archingatten,d,m,eetingsa qui,ck,m,ove,ro,b,m,oneydon,t,kn,owa bi,g,m,an,so,b,n,oisilya,t n,oon,a bi,g,n,ose,gli,b,m,annersno,t,n,owa ra,g,m,erchant,Nasal Plosion/p b/t,38,Lateral Plosion,/,p,b,/,t,d,/,k,g,/,sim,ple,lit,tle,ta,ckle,peo,ple,bot,tle,un,cle,ap,ple,hospi,tal,twin,kle,cou,ple,capi,tal,medi,cal,tri,ple,den,tal,surgi,cal,trou,ble,mid,dle,ea,gle,ta,ble,han,dle,an,gle,sym,bol,can,dle,strug,gle,stum,ble,noo,dle,wrig,gle,u,p,l,atea,t,l,asttal,k,l,ess,ste,p,l,ivelya,t,l,easta sic,k l,eave,ru,b,l,ightlythe secon,d l,ongesta bi,g,l,ad,Bo,b,l,ieda goo,d,l,eadera fro,g,l,eg,Lateral Plosion/p b/,39,2.Deaspiration,1)after/s/,spell starschool,sport strongscarce,springstandskin,expensiveextensiveexcuse,experienceextremeexclusive,2)after accented syllables,happycitylucky,paperletterticket,supperafterworker,2.Deaspiration1)after/s/,40,3)before accented syllables,policetodaycollect,4)in word linking,look at itpick it upfirst of allbest of all,a lot of put it upnot at all,take it awaythink of itmake it up,back in a minute,3)before accented syllables,41,3.Nasals,1)comparison between Chinese n and,真冷，真正冷，人人都很冷，猛得一阵风，更冷。,小童村东种葱，老童村西种笋，两人劳动致富，春风吹遍山村。,2,）,/,n,/,sin singthin thingwin wing,ban bangkin king ton tongue,pin pingsinner singer banning banging,3.Nasals1)comparison betwe,42,3),/,/-,linking,singing/singer/longing/hanging/bringing/hanging up/bring it/reading out/sing us a song/sitting on the rock/a long essay/among others/wrong again,A song,Ten Green Bottles,Ten green bottles are hanging on the wall.,Ten green bottles are hanging on the wall.,And if one green bottle should accidentally fall,Thered be nine green bottles hanging on the wall.,3)/-linkingsinging/sin,43,4),/,g,/,longer/longest/stronger/strongest/younger/youngest/finger/anger/hunger,5),/,k,/,bank/sank/drank/thank/rank/ink/sink/drink/wink/link/sunk/monk/drunk/monkey/ankle/uncle/anchor,6),/,n,/,strange/stranger/range/arrange/lounge/manger/danger/ginger/longitude,4)/g/longer/longest,44,4.Lateral,1)clear l,leave/live/let/like/lamp/large/lock/lose/look/love/learn/line,2)dark ,mid position:cold/field/help/milk/build/elbow/child/mild/spoilt/vulgar final position:feel/fill/dull/pool/oil/well/bell/full/pale/coal/hall/boil,4.Lateral1)clear l leave,45,3,）,comparison between Chinese“l”and“n”,莲漏难留恋，南楼辇路凉；年年来念汝，两泪落牛郎。,在天愿作比翼鸟，在地愿为连理枝。,老奶奶，来送奶，奶奶送来鲜牛奶。鲜牛奶，真不赖，男女老少都来买。,老脑筋可以学成新脑筋，新脑筋不学习就会变成老脑筋。,3）comparison between Chinese,46,4,）,/,l,/,n,/,low no light night let net life knife,lot not lice nice line nine lap nap,lead need lest nest lumber number labor neighbor,light night light night light night,lot not lot not lot not,low no low no low no,lumber number lumber number lumber number,5,）,/,l,/,r,/,leap,reap lid,rid lent,rent lack,rack,loot,root late,rate light,write loyal,royal,late,rate alive,arrivecollect,correct sterling,stirring,4）/l/n/low no light,47,5.Fricatives,1),/,f,/,v,/,leaf,leave safe,save proof,prove calf,carve,life,livefast,vast feel,veal ferry,very,fan,van few,view fail,veil ferry,very,Try to save the safe first.,Few have seen such a view.,The leaf of this vine is very fine.,Being well versed in learning,he received a first.,For five weeks,he feared to walk into his fathers farm.,5.Fricatives 1)/f/v/lea,48,2),/,/,/,breath,breathe worth,worthy south,southern,bath,batheloath,loathe teeth,teethe,I dont think this thick thread will go through the eye of this thin needle.,Thirty-three and a third plus thirty-three and a third equals sixty-six and twothirds.,Though you think you have thoroughly thought through these problems,I think you should think them through again.,2)/breath breathe,49,3),/,z,/,s,/,prize,price pays,pace trays,trace,rays,race falls,false disease,decease,lose,loose use(v.),use(n.)house(v.),house(n.),4),/,s,/,/,(initially),sin,thin sing,thing sank,thank,sick,thick seem,theme sort,thought,/,s,/,/,(finally),miss,myth mouse,mouth face,faith,moss,moth force,fourthworse,worth,3)/z/s/prize price,50,5,）,/,s,/,/,(initially),so,show sock,shock sort,short,sell,shell sign,shine seat,sheet,/,s,/,/,(finally),ass,ash mass,mash puss,push,bass,bash person,Persian listen,nation,5）/s/(initially)so sh,51,十四是十四，四十是四十。谁说十四是四十，谁的舌头没翘起，谁说四十是十四，谁的舌头没伸直。,狮子山上狮山寺，山寺门前四狮子，山寺是禅寺，狮子是石狮，狮子看守狮山寺，山寺保护石狮子。,Two Chinese tongue twisters,An English tongue twister,She sells seashells on the seashore,The shells she sells are seashells,Im sure.,For if she sells seashells on the seashore,Then Im sure she sells seashore shells.,十四是十四，四十是四十。谁说十四是四十，谁的舌头没翘起，谁说,52,02,CHAPTER,Strong and Weak Forms,02Strong and Weak Forms,53,Review,Question:Which words are usually unstressed in a sentence?,Function words,such as articles,pronouns,conjunctions,prepositions,auxiliaries,possessives and so on.,Therefore,these words have both strong forms and weak forms.,ReviewQuestion:Which words ar,54,The importance of learning unstressed forms,Most native speakers of English find an“all-strong form”pronunciation very unpleasant.Learners who are not familiar with the use of weak forms are likely to have difficulty understanding native speakers of English.,The importance of learning uns,55,A weak form of a word differs from a strong one in the following points:,1.By shortening the length of a vowel,e.g.the/i:/becomes/i/in,be,been,she,me,and the/u:/becomes/u/in,to,who,you,etc.,2.By reducing some other vowel sounds to the obscure/:all the different vowel sounds in the words such as,them,at,an,and,are,of,for,etc.become/,A weak form of a word differs,56,3.By omitting a vowel sound as in the words:,am,is,have,had,has,will,etc.,4.By dropping a consonant sound as in the words:,and,have,has,had,must,will,would,etc.,3.By omitting a vowel sou,57,Are there any weakened words in Chinese?,豆,腐,f,意,思,s,怎,么,m,了,Are there any weakened words i,58,Articles,Strong forms,Weak forms,a,an,the,/ei/,/,n/,/,i:/,/,/,n/(strong form rare),/,i,/,Pronouns,Strong forms,Weak forms,he,him,his,she,her,my,me,us,them,you,your,who,/hi:/,/hm/,/hz/,/,i:/,/h:/,/mai/,/mi:/,/,s/,/,em/,/ju:/,/j,:(r),ju(r)/,/hu:/,/i:,hi,i/,/m/,/z/,/,i/,/:,h,/(insert/r/before a vowel),/m,/,/mi/,/s,s/,/,m,m,m/,/ju/,/j/(insert/r/before a vowel),/h,/,The commonest words with strong and weak forms,ArticlesStrong formsWeak for,59,Special Verbs,Strong forms,Weak forms,am,is,are,was,were,do,does,have,has,had,shall,should,will,would,can,could,must,/,m/,/iz/,/,:,/,/w,z/,/w:/,/du:/,/d,z/,/h,v/,/h,z/,/h,d/,/,l/,/,d/,/wil/,/wd/,/k,n/,/kd/,/m,st/,/m,m/,/z,s/,/(insert/r/before a vowel),/wz,wz/,/w/(insert/r/before a vowel),/du,d,d/(/du/before a vowel),/dz/,/hv,v,v/,/hz,z,s/,/hd,d,d/,/,l,l,l/,/,d,d/,/l,l/,/wd,d,d/,/kn,kn/,/kd,kd/,/mst,ms/,Special VerbsStrong formsWeak,60,Prepositions&conjunctions,Strong forms,Weak forms,and,as,at,but,by,for,from,nor,of,or,per,than,that(conj.),till,to,/,nd/,/,z/,/,t/,/b,t/,/bai/,/f,:/,/fr,m/,/n,:/,/,v/,/,:/,/p:/,/,n/,/,t/,/t,l/,/tu:/,/nd,nd,n,n/(strong form rare),/z/(strong form rare),/t/(strong form rare),/bt/,/b,bi/,/f/(insert/r/before a vowel),/frm,frm/(strong form rare),/n/(insert/r/before a vowel),/v,v,f/(strong form rare),/(insert/r/before a vowel),/p/(insert/r/before a vowel),/,n,n/,/,t/,/tl/,/tu,t/,Prepositions&conjunctionsStr,61,Other parts,Strong forms,Weak forms,many,not,saint,sir,so,some,such,there,(in,“,there be,”,structure),/meni/,/n,t/,/seint/,/s:/,/su/,/s,m/,/s,/,/,e,/,/mni,mni/,/nt,n/(only in didn,t,won,t,etc),/snt,sn,sn/,/s/(insert/r/before a vowel),/s/,/sm,sm/,/s,/,/,/(insert/r/before a vowel),Other partsStrong formsWeak fo,62,Read the following sentences in which the italicized words are in weak forms.,Where,do you,live?,Where,does,John live?,I,am,going home.,The boys,are,at,school.,He,was,thirtyfive?Was he?,Who,were,you,talking to?,Read the following sentences i,63,Where,have you,been?,Has,anyone seen,my,pencil?,I,shall,be there,on,Monday.,What,should,I do with,my,money?,How,can,I help you?,We must,try,to,get there early.,She,told,me,that,John went,to,the,station.,Where have you been?,64,I hope Mary comes with,him,.,Id like,to,see,her,again.,I like,them,both.,Will you,have,some,more bread?,Theres,a,fly in,my,tea.,You,and,I are,at,the,same age.,Mary is,as,tall,as,I am.,I hope Mary comes with him.,65,03,CHAPTER,Stress,03Stress,66,1.Definition:,Stress is the relative degree of,force/loudness/intensity/emphasis,with which a syllable is uttered.,1.Definition:,67,2.Two kinds of stress:,(1)Word stress:relative degree of force given to some,syllables,in a word.,(2)Sentence stress:relative degree of force given to some,words,in a sentence.,2.Two kinds of stress:(1)Wo,68,3.Different kinds of word stress:,primary,stress:the strong emphasis a speaker puts on the most important syllable of a particular word.,secondary,stress:a less strong emphasis on the next most important syllable.,zero,stress:any syllable that receives no stress,and it is also called unstressed syllable.,3.Different kinds of word str,69,There are three ways to signal the stressed syllables:,(1)Say it louder.,(2)Raise the pitch:The stressed syllable has a higher pitch.,(3)Lengthen it:The vowel in stressed syllable is longer.,There are three ways to signal,70,Examples:,le,tter,(The stressed syllable is“le”,the unstressed syllable is“tter”.),con,ver,sa,tion,(the primary stress is on syllable“sa”,the secondary stress is on syllable“con”,and the rest syllables are all weak.),Examples:,71,Usually mispronounced words:,absolutely,admirable,agriculture,comparable,con,tribute,detail,everybody,nobody,somebody,excellent,Usually mispronounced words:,72,heroine,interesting,interview,necessarily,preferable,relative,trans,late,triangle,英语语音培训讲座(课件),73,4.Word stress patterns having distinctive function,Nouns/Adjectives Verbs,abstractab,stract,absentab,sent,combinecom,bine,contrastcon,trast,desertde,sert,4.Word stress patterns having,74,Nouns/Adjectives Verbs,digestdi,gest,exportex,port,frequentfre,quent,importim,port,increasein,crease,insultin,sult,Nouns/Adjectives Verbs,75,Nouns/Adjectives Verbs,objectob,ject,perfectper,fect,permitper,mit,progresspro,gress,protestpro,test,recordre,cord,transfertrans,fer,transporttrans,port,Nouns/Adjectives Verbs,76,5.The stress patterns of two-word compounds and two-word phrases.,(1)A two-word compound has only,on