脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,脑和脊髓的被膜血管,聪明出于勤奋，天才在于积累,脑和脊髓的被膜血管脑和脊髓的被膜血管聪明出于勤奋，天才在于积累脑和脊髓的被膜与血管脑脊液循环The Meninges and Blood Vessels of Brain and Spinal Cord,the Cerebrospinal Fluid脑和脊髓的被膜The Meninges of Brain and Spinal Cord 硬 膜 dura mater,蛛网膜 arachnoid,软 膜 pia mater,脑和脊髓的被膜血管聪明出于勤奋，天才在于积累脑和脊髓的被膜血,1,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,2,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,3,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,4,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,5,2、,脊髓蛛网膜,Spinal arachnoid mater,特点：缺乏血管和神经,与脑蛛网膜相延续,Subarachnoid space,蛛网膜下隙,Terminal cistern,终池：,脊髓下端S2水平,内含马尾和终丝,腰穿,蛛网膜下隙,终池,2、脊髓蛛网膜 Spinal arachnoid mate,6,Lumbar spinal puncture,Lumbar spinal puncture,7,3、Spinal pia mater,软脊膜,特点：,血管丰富，深入沟裂,Filum terminale,终丝,Denticulate ligament,齿状韧带,:,齿状韧带,3、Spinal pia mater 软脊膜,8,脑的被膜,The Meninges of Brain,Cerebral dural mater,硬脑膜,Cerebral arachnoid mater,脑蛛网膜,Cerebral pia mater,软脑膜,脑的被膜The Meninges of BrainCer,9,硬脑膜,cerebral dural mater,1、特点,坚韧、无弹性,两层合成,与颅盖骨连接疏松,与颅底骨结合紧密,硬脑膜 cerebral dural mater 1、特点,10,2、形成结构：,1）四个隔幕,Cerebral falx,大脑镰,Tentorium of cerebellum,小脑幕,Cerebellar falx,小脑镰,Diaphragma sellae,鞍隔,2、形成结构：,11,2）Sinuses of dura mater,硬脑膜窦,窦壁无平滑肌、内衬内皮、,无瓣膜,、,Superior sagittal sinus,上矢状窦,Inferior sagittal sinus,下矢状窦,Straight sinus,直窦,Confluence of sinus,窦汇,2）Sinuses of dura mater,12,Transverse sinus,横窦,Sigmoid sinus,乙状窦,Superior petrosal sinuses,岩上窦,inferior petrosal sinuses,岩下窦,Transverse sinus,13,Cavernous sinus,海绵窦,位置：,蝶鞍两侧,通过结构：,颈内动脉,动眼神经,滑车神经,眼神经,上颌神经,展神经,与周围静脉的交通：,蝶窦,颈内动脉,Cavernous sinus 海绵窦蝶窦颈内动脉,14,The flowing of the blood in dural sinus,硬脑膜窦的血液流注,Sup.sagittal sinus,上矢状窦,Inf.sagittal sinus,下矢状窦,Straight sinus,直窦,Confluence of sinus,窦汇,Transverse sinus,横窦,Cavernous sinus,海绵窦,Sup.petrosal sinus,岩上窦,Inf.petrosal sinus,岩下窦,Internal jugular vein,颈内静脉,Sigmoid sinus,乙状窦,The flowing of the blood in d,15,脑蛛网膜,cerebral arachnoid mater,特点：缺乏血管和神经、跨越沟裂（除外大脑纵裂和大脑横裂）,Subarachnoid space,蛛网膜下隙,脑蛛网膜cerebral arachnoid mater特点,16,Subarachnoid cisterns,蛛网膜下池,小脑延髓池,脚间池,桥池,交叉池,四叠体上池,A,B,C,D,E,Subarachnoid cisterns,17,Cerebellomedullary cistern,Cerebellomedullary cistern,18,Arachnoid granulations,蛛网膜粒,上矢状窦,硬脑膜,脑蛛网膜,软脑膜,蛛网膜粒,大脑镰,Arachnoid granulations 蛛网膜粒上矢,19,软脑膜,cerebral pia mater,特点：富血管神经、深入沟裂,脉络组织,：在脑室的一定部位，软脑膜及其血管与室管膜上皮共同形成。,脉络丛,Choroid plexus,软脑膜cerebral pia mater特点：富血管神经、,20,脑脊液循环,Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF),脑脊液循环 Circulation of cerebrosp,21,Circulation of cerebrospinal fluid,CSF drains from lateral ventricle,侧脑室的脑脊液,interventricular foramina,室间孔,third ventricle,第三脑室,mesencephalic aqueduct,中脑水管,fourth ventricle,第四脑室,median and two lateral apertures,第四脑室正中孔和外侧孔,subarachnoid space,蛛网膜下隙,arachnoid granulations,蛛网膜粒,superior sagittal sinus,上矢状窦,Vein,静脉,Circulation of cerebrospinal f,22,脑和脊髓的血管,Blood vessels of brain and spinal cord,脑和脊髓的血管Blood vessels of brai,23,椎动脉,脑的动脉的来源：,Internal carotid artery,颈内动脉,供应：端脑前2/3、部分间脑,Vertebral artery,椎动脉,供应：端脑后1/3、部分间脑、脑干、小脑,分支类型：,皮质支、中央支,颈内动脉,椎动脉脑的动脉的来源：颈内动脉,24,颈内动脉,internal carotid artery,行径,颈部、岩部、海绵窦部、,前床突上部,虹吸部,分支,大脑前动脉,大脑中动脉,脉络丛前动脉,后交通动脉,颈内动脉 internal caro,25,大脑前动脉,Anterior cerebral,皮质支,中央支,大脑前动脉,26,大脑中动脉,Middle cerebral artery,皮质支,:,中央支,:,大脑中动脉,豆纹动脉,大脑中动脉Middle cerebral artery大脑中,27,后交通动脉,脉络丛前动脉,Anterior choroidal artery,:,后交通动脉,Posterior communicating artery,颈内动脉,脉络丛前动脉,后交通动脉脉络丛前动脉颈内动脉脉络丛前动脉,28,椎动脉,Vertebral artery,脊髓前、后动脉,小脑下后动脉,基底动脉,basilar artery,小脑下前动脉,迷路动脉,脑桥动脉,小脑上动脉,大脑后动脉,椎动脉 Vertebral artery,29,大脑后动脉,Posterior cerebral artery,Cortical branches皮质支,:,Central branches中央支,:,大脑后动脉,大脑前动脉,大脑后动脉 大脑后动脉大脑前动脉,30,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,31,Cerebral arterial circle(circle of Willis)大脑动脉环,Cerebral arterial circle(cir,32,Blockage,Area of oxygendeprives brain,Thrombus,Plaque,Blockage Area of oxygendeprive,33,Subarachnoid hemorrhage,Microaneurysm,Lenticulostriate arteries,Subarachnoid hemorrhageMicroan,34,Intracerebral,hemorhage,Arteriovenous,malformation,Intracerebral Arteriovenous,35,Veins of brain,脑的静脉,Superficial cerebral veins,大脑浅静脉,Drain blood from cortex and subcortical medullary substance and empty into adjacent sinuses of dura mater,脑的静脉无静脉瓣，不与动脉伴行，分浅、深组。,Veins of brain 脑的静脉Superficial,36,Deep cerebral veins,大脑静脉深组,drain deeper parts of hemispheres,basal nuclei,internal capsule,diencephalon and choroid plexus,ultimately form,great cerebral vein 大脑大静脉,which enter straight sinus,Deep cerebral veins,37,Blood vessels of spinal cord,脊髓的血管,Arteries of spinal cord,脊髓的动脉,来源,椎动脉：发出脊髓前、后动脉,节段性动脉：,Damage area 危险区:,T1T4,ventral part of L1,动脉冠,Blood vessels of spinal cord 脊,38,Spinal veins 脊髓的静脉:,drain into internal vertebral,venous plexus.,Spinal veins 脊髓的静脉:drai,39,脑和脊髓的被膜血管课件整理,40,66,、节制使快乐增加并使享受加强。,德谟克利特,67,、今天应做的事没有做，明天再早也是耽误了。,裴斯泰洛齐,68,、决定一个人的一生，以及整个命运的，只是一瞬之间。,歌德,69,、懒人无法享受休息之乐。,拉布克,70,、浪费时间是一桩大罪过。,卢梭,66、节制使快乐增加并使享受加强。德谟克利特,41,