大学英语讲义课件

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2017/4/4 Tuesday,#,Unit One,词汇的掌握,Unit One 词汇的掌握,1,考试大纲词汇要求,掌握,4250,个单词和,500,个常用词组,复用式掌握其中的,1800,常用单词和,200,个词组,派生词,试题中词汇语法题占,20,分,考试大纲词汇要求掌握4250个单词和500个常用词组,2,The newly promoted assistant manager expressed a wish to be _ to the London branch.,（,2005,年,）,A exchangedB transmitted,C transferredD moved,A,交换,B,传送,C,调动,D,搬到,The newly promoted assistant,3,_ your jacket,please.The room is very warm.,（,2005,年）,A Take offB Take after,C Take upD Take on,A,脱掉,B,与,相似,C,开始,D,呈现,_ your jacket,please.Th,4,David was completely _ by his robbers,disguise.,（,2005,，天津）,A take downB taken on,C taken inD taken up,A,写下,B,呈现,C,欺骗,D,占据,David was completely _ by,5,The doctor _ me,to,the danger of not getting enough rest while working overtime.,（,2005,年）,A alertedB reminded,C ledD persuaded,A.,警告,B,提醒,C,引导,D,劝说,短语,:alert sb.to sth.,警告,The doctor _ me to the dang,6,例句,(2005,，广东,),Over a third of the population in that African country was estimated to have no _ to the health service.,A.excessB.success,C.processD.access,A.,过度,B.,成功,C.,过程,D.,接近（机会）,例句 (2005，广东),7,例句 （,2005,年）,There is nothing _,about,a native English-,speaking teacher except that he speaks English,easily and well.,A particularB,special,C specificD especial,例句 （2005年）,8,重点词汇讲解,易混相似词和词组辨析,重点词汇讲解易混相似词和词组辨析,9,1.access;excess;success;process,access:,进入；利用,的权利（机会）,excess:,过分；过度,success:,成功,process:,过程；经过；,1.access;excess;success;pr,10,2.accuse;remind;inform;rob;suspect;convince,用法相同的：,accuse sb.of sth.,指控,remind sb.of sth.,提醒,inform sb.of,通知,rob sb.of.,抢劫,suspect sb.of,怀疑,.,convince sb.of,让,相信,2.accuse;remind;inform;rob,11,Ex:,-We,accused,him,of,stealing the book.,-The picture,reminded,me,of,the old days.,-The teacher,informed,us,of,the meeting,next week.,-The man,robbed,the old lady,of,her purse.,Ex:,12,be accustomed to+,名词,/Ving;,be used to+,名词,/Ving,习惯于,比较：,used to+,动词 过去常常做,3,be accustomed to+名词/Ving;比较,13,Ex:,-We,are accustomed to,the weather here.,-He,is used to living,in the big city now.,-He,used to help,me when I was in trouble.,-We,used not to go,fishing on Sunday.,Ex:,14,4.,adopt;adapt;adjust;,adopt,:,收养，采纳，采用,词组：,adopt sth.,采纳,adopt sb.,收养某人,adapt,:,使,适应,;,改编,词组：,adapt,（,oneself)to sth.,适应,4.adopt;adapt;adjust;,15,EX:,-He,adopted,our suggestion.,(,他采纳了我们的建议,.),-Since they have no children of their own,they decided to,adopt,a little girl.,（他们自己没有孩子，所以决定收养一个小女孩。）,-The boy,adapted,himself,to,the life here.,EX:,16,例句,(2005,年）,The new immigrants found it hard to_,themselves,to,the climate of the country.,A adopt,B adapt,C regulateD coordinate,例句 (2005年）,17,adjust:,调节；,适应,用法：,adjust(oneself)to+,名词,EX:,-,She,soon,adjusted,herself,to,his,way,of,life.,她很快使自己适应了他的生活方式。,adjust:调节；适应,18,5,.advance;progress;,进展,词组：,make progress,取得进步,make an advance/make advances,取得进步,Ex:,-We have made progress these days.,-He has made advances both in work and in,study.,5.advance;progress;进展 词组：,19,6.able;capable;competent,able,:,做事所需的力量，技巧,词组：,be able,to do,sth.,（能够做,),capable,:,满足一般需要的能力,词组：,be capable,of,doing sth.,（能够做,),competent,:,胜任的,词组：,be competent,to do,sth.,be competent,for sth,.,6.able;capable;competent,20,7,.,available;applicable;,approachable;attainable,available(to):,可用的，可获得的,applicable(to):,适用的；可应用的；,approachable:,可接近的；可进入的,attainable:,可到达的；可达成的,7.available;applicable;,21,available,:,可用的,;,可获得的,EX:,-,Breakfast is available to fishermen from 6.a.m.,从上午六点起渔民有早餐供应,.,-,There are three small boats available for hire.,有三置小船可供租用,.,available:可用的;可获得的,22,例句 （,2006,年）,Powerful computers _ translating,documents from one language into the other,have recently been developed in Japan.,A able toB,available to,C capable ofD liable to,例句 （2006年）,23,例句,None of the servants were _ when Mr.,Smith wanted to send a message.,A availableB applicable,C,approachable,D attainable,例句,24,liable,:,易于,.,的,;,易患,.,短语：,be liable to do sth.,易于,.,的,Ex:,-We are liable,to make,mistakes.,短语,:,be liable to sth.,易患,.,Ex:,-A baby is liable,to diseases,.,婴儿易患疾病,.,liable:易于.的;易患.,25,8.afford,的用法,与,can,或,could,连用；不能单独使用,can/could afford sth.,买得起；承担得起；,Ex:,-I can afford the bike.,我买得起这个自行车。,can/could afford to do sth.,承担得起做,Ex,：,-,How can I afford(to spend)so much money for a car?,我怎么付得起这么多钱买这部车？,8.afford的用法与can 或could 连用；不能单,26,9.,alone,lonely,alone,:,副词 单独地；,adj.,单独的（只作表语）,lonely,:adj.,孤单的，（作表语和定语）,Ex,：,-I spent a lot of time,alone,.,-You are not,alone,any longer.,-a,lonely,island,9.alone,lonely,27,例句,I shall have a companion in the house after,all these _ years.,A,lonely,B sole,C singleD alone,例句,28,10.effective;efficient;efficacious,effective:,有效的，有影响力的,efficient:,效率高的，有效率的,efficacious:,有效验的,EX,：,-take effective measures,采取有效措施,-effective medicine,-The telephone system is highly efficient.,(,这个电话系统效率很高。）,10.effective;efficient;effi,29,例 句,One of the most _ ways of improving,listening comprehension is by watching,television.,A specificB effective,C specialD,efficient,例 句,30,例句,They took _ measures to prevent poisonous,gases from escaping.,A beneficialB,effective,C fruitfulD valid,例句,31,effect,(,名词,&,动词）影响，结果,词组：,have an effect on,sth.(,对,有影响）,EX,：,-,The,medicine,has,a,good,effect,on,me.,(,这种药对我有良好的功效。）,affect,(,动词）影响,-The noise from the street affected our work.,（马路上的噪音影响我们工作。）,effect(名词&动词）影响，结果,32,Her mind was so _ by the disease that she could not remember who she was.,A influenceB acted,C effected,D affected,Examples:,Her mind was so _ by the d,33,influence&effect,(,正面,),影响,affect,(,负面,),影响,act,起作用,;,行动,-Does the drug take long to act?,-In this case we acted properly and responsibly.,在这件事上我们做得恰当,而且是负责任的,.,influence&effect (正面),34,11.,arise;,raise,;rise;arouse,arise:,出现，产生,raise:,使,上升；提高；,rise:,上升，升起,arouse:,唤起；激起；,11.arise;raise;rise;arous,35,例句（,2007,，北京）,With oil prices keeping _,people are,hesitating whether to buy a car or not.,A,rising,B arising,C raisingD arousing,例句（2007，北京）,36,raise,:,增加,;,提高,;,栽培,;,抚育,Ex:,-raise the rent of the room,提高房租,-raise the standard of living,提高生活水准,-raise wheat,种小麦,-raise a child,养小孩,raise:增加;提高;栽培;抚育,37,arouse,:,唤起,;,激起,Ex:,-The book,arouses my interest in,English.,(,这本书,引起我对英语的兴趣,.),-,arouse,anxiety/curiosity/suspicion,(,引起,不安,/,好奇心,/,怀疑,),arouse:唤起;激起,38,12.reward;grant;allowance,;,pension;fund;,reward:,酬金,grant:,助学金，奖学金,allowance:,津贴，补贴,12.reward;grant;allowance;,39,例句,(2006,年,),All the British universities receive some,government _ except Buckingham.,A allowanceB,grants,C fundingD cooperation,例句 (2006年),40,例句 （,2005,年）,Life presents many barriers,and all too often,those who work hardest may not receive great,_.,A,rewards,B grants,C allowanceD praise,例句 （2005年）,41,13.reward&award,(,动词,),reward,:,报答,;,答谢,;,奖赏,词组,:reward sb.with sth.,-The teacher,rewarded,the student,with,a,computer.,(,老师,奖赏,这个学生一台电脑,.),13.reward&award (动词),42,award,:,授予,;,奖励,;,奖赏,用法,:,award sth.to sb.,award sb.sth.,EX:,-The judges,awarded the first prize to her,for her picture.,-The judges,awarded her the first prize,for,her picture.,(,评审委员,把她的画评为头奖,.),award:授予;奖励;奖赏,43,14,.,special;specific;especial;particular,special:,特别的，专门的,specific:,明确的，具体的；特定的,especial:,特别的，尤其,格外的（文语词）,particular:,特殊的,;,个别的,挑剔的,14.special;specific;especia,44,EX:,-This is the special day in the history of our country.,(,今天是我国历史上一个特殊的日子,.),-I want a specific explanation.,(,我要一个具体的解释,.),-She has an especial fondness for music.,(,她对音乐又特殊的偏好,.),-There is nothing in the letter of particular importance.,(,这封信里没有特别重要的内容,.),EX:,45,例句,(2006,年,),One of the most _ ways of improving listening comprehension is by watching television.,A specificB proficient,C,efficient,D special,例句 (2006年),46,15,.,contribute;attribute;distribute;retribute,；,contribute to sth.,贡献,;,导致,attribute to,把,归因于,distribute sth.,分发,Ex:,-The design faults,contribute to,the tragedy.,-Women tend to,attribute,their success,to,luck.,-The guy,distributed,the leaflets and posters to passers-by.,15.contribute;attribute;dis,47,例句 （,2005,年）,Those who failed in the entrance examinations,are likely,to,_ their failures to bad luck.,A contributeB,attribute,C distributeD retribute,例句 （2005年）,48,以下短语意思,:,引起,;,导致,(,主语为原因,;,宾语为结果,),result in,bring about,lead to,give rise to,cause,以下短语意思:引起;导致(主语为原因;宾语为结果),49,EX:,-Your carelessness will,lead to,failure in work.,-I dont know what,brought about,the change,in his thinking.,我不知道什么原因导致他改变想法,.,EX:,50,16,.result from,造成,结果,Ex:,-His failure in the exam resulted,from his carelessness.,考试不及格是由于他的粗心造成的。,attribute to.,Ex:,-She attributed her failure to bad luck.,她把失败的原因于运气不好。,16.result from 造成 结果,51,17,.,request;require;need,request sb.to do sth.,请求,做,require sb.to do sth.,要求,做,need sb.to do sth.,需要,做,MORE:,request that,.(,从句用虚拟语气）,require that,.(,从句用虚拟语气）,17.request;require;need,52,18,.,persuade;dissuade,;,persuade sb.to do sth.,劝,做,dissuade sb.from doing sth.,劝阻,More to learn:,persuasive:,有说服力的,-a persuasive opinion,18.persuade;dissuade;,53,例句 （,2006,年）,In European universities,students are,not _ to attend classes.,A requestedB persuaded,C neededD required,(key:D),例句 （2006年）,54,19,.,beside;besides;except,beside:,在,旁边；,besides:,除,以外（还包括）；,except:,除,以外（不包括）；,Ex,：,-,Beside,his plate is a pile of books.,-She has many good qualities,besides,being beautiful.,-I don,t take any drugs,except,aspirin.,19.beside;besides;except,55,20,.,except&except for,除,以外（不包括）,Ex:,-He reads,nothing,except comic,magazines,.,（他除了漫画杂志以外什么都不看。）,-He goes to the library,every day,except,when he is not well,.,（他除了身体不舒服以外，每天都上图书馆）,20.except&except for除 以外（不,56,CF:,-,The movie,was good except for,the ending,.,（这部电影除了结尾以外都很好。）,-We enjoyed,the party,except for,the loud,music.,(,除了音乐嘈杂了点，我们在舞会上很开心。）,CF:,57,例句 （,2006,年，北京）,_ Japanese,she has to study another foreign,language.,A ExceptB Except for,C In addition toD Beside,Key:C,In addition to,=besides,例句 （2006年，北京）,58,例句,(2006,年，北京）,The little village hasn,t changed much,_ a new road and two more stores.,A exceptB besides,C exceptthatD except for,Key:D,例句 (2006年，北京）,59,例句,(2006,年,),Practically,university students have a lot to learn _ the textbook and class.,A except forB,aside from,C away fromD insides of,aside from.=besides,例句 (2006年),60,