自考学位英语写作指南课件

自考学位英语写作指南自考学位英语写作指南一、学位英语作文概述一、学位英语作文概述第一类：根据情景，写应用文，如信第一类：根据情景，写应用文，如信件、便笺，件、便笺，100词左右。词左右。第二类：根据情景，提供情景的形式第二类：根据情景，提供情景的形式有图画、图表、文字，写说明性或议有图画、图表、文字，写说明性或议论性文章，不少于论性文章，不少于120词。词。二、写作评分标准二、写作评分标准 第五档第五档（A节节9-10，B节节17-20）丰富的丰富的语法法结构和构和词汇语言自然流言自然流畅，文字，文字连贯，层次清晰次清晰对目目标读者完全者完全产生了生了预期效果期效果 第四档第四档（A节节7-8，B节节13-16）较丰富的丰富的语法法结构和构和词汇 语言基本正确言基本正确 采用了适当的采用了适当的衔接手法，接手法，组织较严密密第三档第三档（A节节5-6，B节节9-12）虽漏掉一些内容，但包含多数内容要点漏掉一些内容，但包含多数内容要点 有一些有一些语法及法及词汇错误，但不影响理解，但不影响理解 采用了采用了简单的的衔接手法，内容接手法，内容较连贯 第二档第二档（A节节3-4，B节节5-8）漏掉或未能有效漏掉或未能有效阐述内容要点述内容要点 语法法结构构单调、词汇 有有较多多语法法结构或构或词汇方面的方面的错误 第一档第一档（A节节1-2，B节节1-4）明明显遗漏主要内容漏主要内容 语言言错误多多 未能使用任何未能使用任何衔接手法接手法 n考前做好充分准备考前做好充分准备n合理分配考试时间合理分配考试时间n打腹稿打腹稿n控制字数控制字数n保持卷面整洁保持卷面整洁n写完后检查写完后检查三、写作备考指南与分析三、写作备考指南与分析 n英文书信英文书信n通知通知 n便条便条四、应用文写作四、应用文写作 英文书信英文书信n四项基本原则四项基本原则 简明简明 清晰清晰 礼貌礼貌 正确正确n构成构成 信头信头 信内地址信内地址 称呼称呼 正文正文 结束语结束语开头段：1)问候收信人：Dearsir/madam2)解释写信的原因：申请：Iamwritingforapreciousopportunitytoworkinyourcompanythatenjoysyearsofreputation邀请：Iamwritingtoinviteyoutoattend(takepartin/participate)adinnerparty(areception/aseminar/aconference)thatistobeheldonAugust18,2006.感谢：Iamwritingtoextendmyheartfeltthankstoward_.投诉：Iamwritingtocomplainaboutthepoorservice(quality)ofaproductthatIpurchasedfromyourstoretwoweeksago.祝贺：Iamwritingtoextendmysinceregreetings,wishingyouahappyNewYear,yourcareergreatersuccessandyourfamilyhappiness.信件开头常用语信件开头常用语IamwritingtoyoutoaskaboutIhavereceivedyourletteronFeb.2nd2010ThankyouverymuchforItsalongtimethatwehaventseeneachotherImwritingtointroducetoyouImgladtohearthat中间段：n用first,second,third阐述写信的原因，提出具体的要求，具体的建议或者忠告（具体看题目来定）n中间段的写作步骤中间段的写作步骤n1）阅读题目要求，找到可以用到的名词或动词）阅读题目要求，找到可以用到的名词或动词n题目：题目：Writealetterofapplicationaccordingtothefollowingsituation.Yousawanadvertisementinthismorningsnewspaper.Acompanyneedsatypistandyouareinterested.Writeanapplicationlettertothatcompany.Inyourletter,providethenecessaryinformationaboutyourself,tellthemthatyouarequalifiedforthatjob.2）写作顺序：背景介绍+情况咨询+原因分析(名词具体化,动词寻找近义词替换)范文：范文：IreadtodaysBeijingYouththismorning,pleasedtodiscoverthatyourcompanyislookingforatypist.Iwonderifyoucouldbefreetohaveapleasanttalkwithme,foralltherequirementsspecifiedinyouradvertisementtendtofitmypresentsituation.First,mytypingspeedisashighas200wordsperminute,whichisthedefiniteweightforaqualifiedtypist.Second,IcanspeakandwriteEnglishfluently,soIwillbecapableoftypingbothChineseandEnglish.Thirdandlast,awarm-heartedwomanwhoisalwaysreadytohelpotherpeople,IdontthinkIhaveanyproblemwhileworkwithothercolleagues.Underthesecircumstances,IfirmlybelievethatIcancontributetoprosperityofyourcompany.Ontheotherhand,aforeigncompanywithaninternationalbackgroundwillcertainlyenrichmyworkingexperienceandbroadenmymind,thuspavingawayformyprospectivecareer.结尾段：三句话n接上页范文：Iwouldappreciateyourassistanceinthismatter.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleasedonthesitatetocontactme.Lookforwardtoyourreply.nSincerelyYours信件结尾常用语信件结尾常用语1.Lookingforwardtohearingofyousoon.2.Withmanythanks.3.Wishyouthebestofhealthandsuccess.4.Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.5.Expectingtohearfromassoonaspossible.6.Regrettingtheinconveniencecausedtoyou.7.Thanksoncemore.8.Manythanksforyourkindness.9.Thanksalotandbestwishesforyou.10.Wesincerelyhopethatyoullacceptourapologyandkeepincontactwithus.11.Welookforwardtoreceivingyourconfirmationbyletterore-mail.假设你是王明，你的好朋友假设你是王明，你的好朋友David将到北京学习汉语，请给将到北京学习汉语，请给他写封信，告诉他学习中文的他写封信，告诉他学习中文的方法。方法。练习练习1：September15,2009DearDavid,ImgladtohearthatyoullcometoBeijingtolearnChinese.Chineseisveryuseful,andmanyforeignersarelearningitnow.ItsdifficultforyoubecauseitsquitedifferentfromEnglish.YouhavetorememberasmanyChinesewordsaspossible.Itsalsoimportanttodosomereadingandwriting.YoucanwatchTVandlistentotheradiotopractiseyourlistening.DoyourbesttotalkwithpeopleinChinese.YoucanlearnChinesenotonlyfrombooksbutalsofrompeoplearoundyou.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,pleaseaskme.ImsureyoulllearnChinesewell.HopetoseeyousooninBeijing.Sincerely,WangMing写一封信：写一封信：1.你叫你叫Lily，告诉对方你是从，告诉对方你是从城市商报城市商报（Urban Commerce）上看到贵公司的）上看到贵公司的介绍；介绍；2.说明你去信的目的：询问对方是否有你需说明你去信的目的：询问对方是否有你需要的产品，是否有现货供应等等，并想要的产品，是否有现货供应等等，并想和对方建立贸易联系；和对方建立贸易联系；3.介绍你公司的情况，如：多年从事进出介绍你公司的情况，如：多年从事进出口贸易，在中国设有口贸易，在中国设有6家分公司，与国内家分公司，与国内许多大商场有联系等等；许多大商场有联系等等；4.希望尽快得到回复。希望尽快得到回复。2012年年6月学位英语作文月学位英语作文June18th,2012Dearsir,IamthemanagerofShanghaiOfficeEquipmentImportandExportCorporation.IhavelearnedtheintroductionofyourcompanyfromUrbanCommerce.Iamwritingtoaskwhetheryourcompanyprovidesproductsweneed,suchascomputers,prices,electrographs,etc.Ialsowanttoknowwhetheryourcompanyhasproductsinstock.Meanwhile,ourcorporationwantstoestablishthetraderelationwithyourcompany.OurcorporationhasinvolvedinimportandexporttradesformanyyearsandhassixsubsidiarycompaniesinChina.WehavesetupcooperationrelationswithmanylargestoresinChina.Ilookforwardtoyourearlyreply.yourssincerelyLily通知通知 n布告形式的通知：通常此类通知上方正中布告形式的通知：通常此类通知上方正中写写Notice，发出通知的单位的具体名称可，发出通知的单位的具体名称可放在正文前，也可放在正文后，右下角处，放在正文前，也可放在正文后，右下角处，发出通知的日期写在左下角处。发出通知的日期写在左下角处。n书信形式的通知：格式和一般书信类似书信形式的通知：格式和一般书信类似NoticeThestudentUnionhasrecentlyagreedtosetupanEnglishClub.ItaimstoencouragestudentstolearnEnglishoutsideofclass,toraiseEnglishabilitiesandtocreateafavourableEnglish-learningatmosphere.DuringthistermforeignexpertswillgivelecturesonEnglishandAmericanculturesonceaweek,andstudentscanmeetonceaweekattheEnglishCorner.Besides,wewillalsohavelecturesgivenonthestudyofEnglish.Anyoneintheschooliswelcometojointheclubbyfillingintherelatedfromandprovidingonephotobytheendofthismonth.Ourfirstmeetingwillbeheldintheschoolgymat5:00p.m.Friday,21February,2010.TheStudentUnionDecember2th,2010 便条是简单化的书信，在格式和内容上都比便条是简单化的书信，在格式和内容上都比书信简单，因为彼此都比较熟悉，一般不需书信简单，因为彼此都比较熟悉，一般不需要写发信人的地址，对收件人的称呼语比较要写发信人的地址，对收件人的称呼语比较自由，语言更接近口语，结尾的落款和客套自由，语言更接近口语，结尾的落款和客套话常常省略。话常常省略。nNOTE的写法的写法nNOTE在考试中可能涉及：在考试中可能涉及：Note of thanks,Messages,Invitations,Appointments,Apologiesn具体格式为：具体格式为：便条便条 Note 1）称呼对方名字：DearLarry2)阐明留言目的：注意写清时间，地点，原因和目的nThankyouverymuchfor_nIvegottomeetanewclientinHolidayInnthiseveningnWewouldbehappyifyoucouldcometodinnerwithusatthecanteenat6:00PMon26,August.(这些题目中一定会有暗示，充分利用题目中的文字）3)向对方表示祝福或者提醒注意事项nMerryChristmasnWellbegladifyoucouldbewithusnIhopeyouwillbetherenIhopeyouwillenjoyit.nPleasefeelfreetobringanescortifyouchoose4)落款写清留言人的名字（如果题目中有名字的话，就用题目中的名字：XiaoWang、LiMing情景：同事明天要出差，说好你要去送她，情景：同事明天要出差，说好你要去送她，突然你接到你父亲的电话，得知你母亲病重，突然你接到你父亲的电话，得知你母亲病重，要你马上回家。离开办公室的时候，同事正在要你马上回家。离开办公室的时候，同事正在开会，为此请你用英语给她写一张开会，为此请你用英语给她写一张50左右的便左右的便条，告诉她：条，告诉她：你为什么马上要回家；你为什么马上要回家；明天你可能不去机场送她；明天你可能不去机场送她；最后祝她旅途愉快。最后祝她旅途愉快。DearMary，Ihavetogohomeatoncebecausemyfatherphonedmejustnow,hesaidthatmymotherwasbadlyillandweneedtosendhertohospital.ImsorrytotellyouthatmaybetomorrowIcantgototheairporttoseeyouoff.Iwishyouagoodtrip.LiMingn段首句命题作文段首句命题作文n关键词提示作文关键词提示作文 n看图作文看图作文 n图表作文图表作文 n中英文提示作文中英文提示作文 五、常见的写作题型五、常见的写作题型 辩论式议论文辩论式议论文 Somepeoplebelieve/argue/recognize/thinkthat观点观点 1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat观点观点 2.Asforme，Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall，论据论据1.Moreimportantly，论据论据2.Mostimportantofall，论据论据3.Insummary，总结观点。总结观点。作文中常用的连词作文中常用的连词n1.增加增加nin addition,as well as,besides,furthermore,also,moreover,and then,too,not onlybut also,even,besides this or that n2.排序排序nfirstly,initially,secondly,to begin with,then,afterwards.n3.结果结果 as a result,thus,so,therefore,consequently,it follows that(于是出现了于是出现了的结果的结果),thereby,eventually,then,in that case,admittedly(无可否无可否认地认地)n4.对比对比 however,on the other hand,despite,in spite of,though,although,but,on the contrary,otherwise,yet,instead of,rather,whereas,nonetheless,even though,compared with,in contrast,n13.举例举例 for example,for instance,one compelling argument involves sthn14.解释解释 as a matter of fact,frankly speaking,in this case,namely,in other words,that is to say n15.强调强调 indeed,above all,most important,sth be of utmost importancen16.让步让步 still nevertheless,in spite of,even so after all,concession granted naturally,of coursen5.肯定肯定nobviously,certainly,plainly,of course,undoubtedly,definitely n6.假设假设 nif,unless,whether,provided that,for,so that,depending on n7.定义定义nis,refers to,means,that is,consists of12.结论结论/总结总结 nas a result,as noted(值得注意的是值得注意的是),as stated(如上所述如上所述),in conclusion,on the whole(就全体而论就全体而论),it goes without saying that,in summary/a word/brief/conclusion,to conclude/summarize,in simpler terms,therefore,to sum up,to conclude,to recapitulate,in shortWealthandHealth财富与健康n(1)somethinkthatwealthmeanseverything.n(2)Actually,healthismoreimportantthanwealth.n(3)Keephealthyfirstifyouwanttobecomewealthy.范文SofarasthetopicHealthandWealthisconcerned,differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.Somethinkthatwealthmeanseverything.Tothem,wealthorhavingalotofmoneycanhelpthemtodowhattheywanttodo.Ontheotherhand,someotherpeopledontagree,TheybelievethatHealthyismoreimportantthanwealth.First,youcanenjoyahappierlifewithhealthybodythanthosewealthypeoplewithpoorhealth.Second,ahealthybodyisthefoundationforasuccessfulcareer.Third,ahealthybodyisalsonecessaryforaccumulatingwealth.Inmyopinion,keepinghealthfirstifyouwantbecomewealthy.Itiswell-knownthatapersoncanmakealargefortuneifhehastherightopportunitiesduringhislife.Butifthepersonsuffersfromaterribleillness,thennomatterhowmuchmoneyhemayearn,hewillstillleadamiserablelife.Therefore,healthismuchmoreimportantthanwealth图表题图表题n 例子例子1Thegraphbelowshowsthechangesofconsumerpriceindexinacertaincountryfromtheyear1929to1975.Writeashortcompositionofabout120wordstodescribethechangesandofferyourownreasonsforthechanges.n范文Thisgraphgivesinformationaboutthechangesinconsumerpriceindexfromtheyear1929to1975.Afterstudyingtheinformationinthegraphwemayconcludethatpricesincreasedgreatlyoverthetimespandespitefluctuations.Althoughtheconsumerpriceindexreacheditsbottomin1933,theindexalmosttripledfrom1929to1975,growingfrom50to150.nThemostpossiblereasonfortheriseofpriceswaseconomicdevelopment.Asisknownbyeveryone,whenoneeconomybecomesprosperous,itusuallyneedsalargeramountofcirculatingmoney.Andsincetheoveralleconomicdevelopmentofmostcountriesbetween1929and1977,includingthecountryinquestion,wasforthebetter,itwasunderstandablethatmoreandmorebanknoteshadbeenaddedtocirculation,andthisalmostinevitablycausedinflation,whichbroughtabouttheriseinprices.n 例子例子2Thebarchartbelowshowsthetendenciesofinfantmortalityandpeopleslifeexpectancyinadevelopingcountry.Lookatthegraphandwriteacompositionofabout120wordsmakingreferencetothefollowingpoints.1.Thechangingtendenciesininfantmortalityandlifeexpectancy.2.Possiblereasonsforthechanges.n范文Thesetwographsdescriberespectivelythedevelopmenttendencyofinfantmortalityandlifeexpectancyinadevelopingcountry.Asisshowinthegraphs,therehasbeenamarkeddecreaseintheinfantmortalityratebetweentheyear1960and1990,whereasthelifeexpectancyzoomedfrom40intheyear1960to90yearsin1990.Intheyear1960,theinfantmortalityratewasabout225in1000,ascomparedtoabout100intheyear1990.nTherearemultiplereasonsforthedecreaseininfantmortalityrate,themostimportantofwhich,Iwouldpropose,isthedevelopmentofmedicalcareforchildrenandexpectingmothers.Theincreaseinlifeexpectancyisduetoseveralreasons.Betterchancesforpersonaldevelopment,bettereducationandbettereconomicenvironmentwhichthedevelopmentofthecountryhasprovidedareallcontributingfactors,inadditiontothedevelopmentofmedicine,whichgreatlyreducedthechancesofdyingfromdiseases.大量其他公三范文n请见群共享附件为更好满足学习和使用需求，课件在下载后自由编辑，请根据实际情况进行调整Thankyouforwatchingandlistening.Ihopeyoucanmakegreatprogress