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Translation of Nominal Clauses名词性从句的翻译名词性从句的翻译1Translation of Nominal Clauses名词性从句名词性从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句2名词性从句主语从句2主语从句主语从句由代词由代词what,whatever,whoever等引导的主语从句等引导的主语从句“It”作为形式主语作为形式主语3主语从句由代词what,whatever,whoever1)由代词由代词what,whatever,whoever等等引导的主语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译引导的主语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译vWhat he told me was a sheer lie.v他对我说的全是谎言。他对我说的全是谎言。vWhatever I saw and heard on my trip left me a very deep impression.v一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象。一路上所见所闻给我留下了十分深刻的印象。vWhoever has made a trip to Mt.Huangshan must remember the clouds there.v凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记那里的云。凡是去过黄山的人都不会忘记那里的云。41)由代词what,whatever,whoever等2)“It”作为形式主语作为形式主语翻译时可以提前,也可以不提前翻译时可以提前,也可以不提前vIt doesnt make much difference to me whether you come or not.v你来不来我不在乎。你来不来我不在乎。vIt seemed incredible that she should have lied to us.v她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。她居然对我们说谎,这真是不可思议。vIt is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.v真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。真奇怪,她竟然没有看出自己的缺点。52)“It”作为形式主语翻译时可以提前,也可以不提前I宾语从句宾语从句v以以that,what,how引导的引导的宾语从句宾语从句v以以it作形式宾语的宾语从作形式宾语的宾语从句句6宾语从句以that,what,how引导的宾语从句61)以以that,what,how引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句一般按原句顺序翻译一般按原句顺序翻译vI told him that I had to turn him down.v我告诉他我不得不拒绝他。我告诉他我不得不拒绝他。vDid you hear what I said?v你没听见我的话吗?你没听见我的话吗?vI told him how appealing I found the offer.v我告诉他,这个机会对我有着多么大的吸引我告诉他,这个机会对我有着多么大的吸引力。力。71)以that,what,how引导的宾语从句一般按2)以以it作形式宾语的宾语从句作形式宾语的宾语从句一般按原句顺序翻译,一般按原句顺序翻译,it可不译出可不译出vI made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 oclock in the morning.v我明确地告诉他们,论文必须在上午十点我明确地告诉他们,论文必须在上午十点之前交。之前交。vAnyhow,old chap,I owe it to you that I am here.v不管怎么说,老伙计,我现在还能站在这不管怎么说,老伙计,我现在还能站在这儿,全靠你。儿,全靠你。82)以it作形式宾语的宾语从句一般按原句顺序翻译,it可表语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译表语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译vThis is where the shoe pinches.v这正是这正是问题的症结所在问题的症结所在。vThings are not always as they seem to be.v事物并不总是如其表象。事物并不总是如其表象。vWhat he emphasized again and again was that no matter how difficult it might be,they should never retreat even for an inch.v他再三强调的就是,不管多困难,决不后退他再三强调的就是,不管多困难,决不后退半步。半步。9表语从句,一般按原句顺序翻译This is where th同位语从句同位语从句v保持原本的语序保持原本的语序v译为类似定语的结构或独成一句译为类似定语的结构或独成一句v加入冒号、破折号和加入冒号、破折号和“这样这样”、“这一这一”、“即即”等字眼等字眼v改变原文的同位语结构,用汉语改变原文的同位语结构,用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出的无主句或其他方式译出10同位语从句保持原本的语序101)保持原本的语序保持原本的语序vHe expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.v他表示希望能再来中国访问。他表示希望能再来中国访问。vAs an obedient son,he had accepted his fathers decision that he was to be a doctor,though the prospect didnt interest him at all.v作为一个孝顺儿子,他接受了父亲的决作为一个孝顺儿子,他接受了父亲的决定,去当医生,虽然他对这样的前途毫定,去当医生,虽然他对这样的前途毫无兴趣可言。无兴趣可言。111)保持原本的语序He expressed the hop2)译为类似定语的结构或独立句译为类似定语的结构或独立句vBut I knew I couldnt trust him.There was the possibility that he was a political swindler.v但我知道不能轻信他。他是政治但我知道不能轻信他。他是政治骗子骗子这这种可能性还是存在的。种可能性还是存在的。vIt does not alter the fact that he is the man responsible for the delay.v迟延应由他负责,这个事实是改变不了迟延应由他负责,这个事实是改变不了的。的。122)译为类似定语的结构或独立句But I knew I c3)加入冒号、破折号和加入冒号、破折号和“这样这样”、“这一这一”、“即即”等字眼等字眼vBut considering realistically,we had to face the fact that our prospects were less than good.v但在实事求是地考虑一番之后,我们不得不正但在实事求是地考虑一番之后,我们不得不正视这样一个事实:视这样一个事实:我们的前景并不妙我们的前景并不妙。vInfluenced by these ethics,the new generation live under the delusion错觉错觉 that money does not stink(散发出恶臭)散发出恶臭).v受这种道德观念的影响,青年一代生活在这样受这种道德观念的影响,青年一代生活在这样一种一种错觉错觉中,以为金钱中,以为金钱总是香喷喷的总是香喷喷的。133)加入冒号、破折号和“这样”、“这一”、“即”等字眼B4)改变原文的同位语结构,改变原文的同位语结构,用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出vAn order has been given that the researchers who are now in the skylab should be sent back.v已命令将现在仍在太空实验室的研究人员送回已命令将现在仍在太空实验室的研究人员送回地球。地球。vEven the most precisely conducted experiments offer no hope that the result can be obtained without any error.v即使是最精确的实验,也没有希望获得无任何即使是最精确的实验,也没有希望获得无任何误差的实验结果。误差的实验结果。144)改变原文的同位语结构,用汉语的无主句或其他方式译出A
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