定语从句 (9)课件

The Attributive Clause清丰县六塔乡初级中学 王丽波 例句赏析例句赏析Its an invention which/that is used for keeping off the rain.飘飘Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell.Gone with the windIts the Wall that/which was built by Chinese people.概念概念:在复合句中修饰名词或代词在复合句中修饰名词或代词 的句子的句子.(Attributive clause)Mary is a beautiful girl.Mary is a girl who has long hair.形容词作定语形容词作定语句子作定语句子作定语,修饰修饰girl,叫做叫做定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl.Mary has long hair.合并为一个句子Mary is a girl who has long hair.先行词先行词关系词关系词定语从句定语从句Mary is a girl who has long hair.关系代词关系代词关系副词关系副词which,who,whom,whose,thatWhere,when,why 定语从句的用法定语从句的用法:当先行词是物时当先行词是物时,用用which 或或that引导引导.These are the trees which were planted last year.当先行词是人时当先行词是人时,用用who,whom,whose,that引导引导.who,whom,whose,that用法区别用法区别.who 作定语从句的作定语从句的主语或宾语主语或宾语.The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.The man is a worker.The man is speaking at the meeting.分解分解作主语作主语Whom 作定语从句的作定语从句的宾语宾语,在口在口语和非正式文体中常用语和非正式文体中常用who代替，代替，可以省略可以省略.The woman whom/who they wanted to visit is a teacher.The woman is a teacher.They wanted to visit the woman.分解分解作宾语作宾语whose 作定语从句的作定语从句的定语定语.I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定语作定语that 可以作定语从句的可以作定语从句的主语和宾语主语和宾语.注意注意:关系代词作动词宾语时可关系代词作动词宾语时可 省略省略.The woman(whom/that)they wanted to visit is a teacher.下列情况只能用that序数词或最高级adj修饰先行词时 Tom is the cleverest boy that I have ever known.all,everything,nobody 等不定代词作先行词时 Everything that we saw in this film was true.4.which 4.which 指物，作主语或宾语指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾作宾 语可省略语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set(which)he bought yesterday is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?定语从句中需注意事项定语从句中需注意事项有时只能用有时只能用 that,不用不用 which,常见的情况有常见的情况有下列几种：下列几种：1.从句所修饰的词又被从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级形容词最高级或或序数序数词词修饰时修饰时 This is the most interesting story(that)I have ever heard.The first meeting(that)we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.2.先行词是先行词是 something,nothing,anything，little,few,much,many,all,等等不定代词不定代词时时 Here is something(that)I will tell you.3.先行词既有先行词既有人人也有也有物物时时,只能用只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures(that)I see.4.先行词是先行词是one of,the one,或用或用 little,much,few,no,all,some,any,the only,the very,the same,the last 作修饰时作修饰时,只能用只能用that.Is it the one that you want?I havent got much that I can offer you.5.当当主句主句已有已有疑问词疑问词 who或或which时，用时，用thatWho is the woman that was praised at the meeting6.先行词前有先行词前有the only，the very，the same，the last等词修饰时，只能用等词修饰时，只能用that。例如：例如：This is the same bike that I lost.7.以以who或或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用重复，只能用that。例如：例如：Who is the girl that is crying？先行词是下列情况时先行词是下列情况时用用which不能用不能用that：先行词为先行词为that，those时，只能用时，只能用which。例如：例如：What is that which is under the desk?Those are the books(which)I bought yesterday.关系词前有关系词前有介词介词时，时，只能用只能用which 例如：例如：This is the room in which he lives.注注:who、that在指在指人人可以通用，但下列可以通用，但下列宜用宜用 who,不用不用that 1).先行词是先行词是anyone,someone,those时，时，关系词使用关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.Is there anyone who wants to go there?2).在在there be 句型中，先行词指句型中，先行词指人人,关系词关系词用用who There is an old man who wants to see you.There are many young men who are against him.Exercise:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6.Is there a student _ father is a business man?7.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2.1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when(=in which)the World War I broke out.When=介词介词 +which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where(=in which)I was born.The table where(=at which)she is sitting is a new one.where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(=for which)Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why =for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B.when C.that D.on that 2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan.A.which B.what C.why D.for that 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B.when C.that D.on that4.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that