初中定语从句课件课件

Unit 9 I Iike music that I can dance to.定语从句Which house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house is mine.whose roof is brownMy house什么是定语从句呢？什么是定语从句呢？答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。的从句叫定语从句。结构：结构：先行词先行词+关系词关系词 +句子句子定语从句定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。1.The students(who dont study hard)will not pass 先行词 定语从句the exam.主句:The students will not pass the exam.The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行词先行词_ 关系词关系词_ 定语从句定语从句关系词关系词关系代词关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词关系副词:when,where,why关系代词：关系代词：that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。which指物，作主语，不能省略；作指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略宾语，可以省略.who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）whose-谁的，作定语谁的，作定语,表示所属关系表示所属关系I have some friends.Some friends like sports.I have some friendswho like sports.修饰先行词修饰先行词 friends 主语主语主语主语/that关系词关系词who/that 在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。I like the girl.You are talking to the girl.I like the girl who(m)you are talking to.宾语宾语宾语宾语/that关系词关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。Who/that 在定语从句中作主语时，在定语从句中作主语时，谓谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。I prefer shoes that are cool.I have a friend who plays sports.只能用只能用 that,不用不用 which,常见的情况有五种：常见的情况有五种：1.当先行词是当先行词是 all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,no one 或被它们修饰时。或被它们修饰时。Thats all that I know.Is there anything that I can do for you?2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3.当先行词有当先行词有the very,the only,the same，the last等修饰时。等修饰时。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4.当主句以当主句以 who 或或 which开头时，定语从句的开头时，定语从句的关系词用关系词用 that,而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to you just now?Which is the pen that you lost?5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.whose 作定语作定语,表示所属关系。表示所属关系。The boy is my classmate.The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan(孤儿孤儿).A.who B.whose C.whos D.whichExercise 1:用关系代词填空用关系代词填空1.The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2.The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3.I hate people _ talk much but do little.4.The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who/thatwhich/thatwho/thatwhich/that5.The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6.Is there a student _ father is a business man?7.This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.Exercise 2.1.My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2.Say all _ you know.3.Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat当先行词是something,anything,nothing,all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5.This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat当先行词被序数词，最高级序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7.Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.当主句是who或或which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.thatthat关系副词：关系副词：when/where/why when 作时间状语作时间状语:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when(=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when(=in which)the World War I broke out.When=介词介词 +which where 作地点状语作地点状语I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where(=in which)I was born.where =介词介词 +whichwhy 作原因状语作原因状语,其先行词常常是其先行词常常是the reason.That is the reason why(=for which)Im late.I know the reason why he said it.why =for whichExercise1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.A.which B.when C.that D.on that2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan.which B.what C.why D.for that 3.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that挑战高难度！挑战高难度！1.Is this the place _ you were born?A.which B.where C.what D.that2.Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year?A.which B.where C.what D.why3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.A.which B.where C.what D.that4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now.A.that B.where C.what D.why5.He told her the reason_ he is unhappy,but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her.A.why;whyB.why;whichC.that;whyD.which;why任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1I like music.The music is loud and exciting._.2.She loves movies.The movies are romantic._.3.Tony likes music.He can dance to the music._.I like music that is loud and exciting.She loves movies that are romantic.Tony likes music that he can dance to.