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Verb Tense 1Portia YangTypes of Verbs1.Notional Verbs 实义动词/行为动词2.Link Verbs 系动词3.Auxiliary Verbs 助动词4.Modal Verbs 情态动词 Notional Verbs 实义动词实义动词/行为动词行为动词1.及物动词 Transitive Verb I like this book very much.We call the bird Polly.I saw the children play in the park yesterday.Please pass me the salt.2.不及物动词 Intransitive Verb Horses run fast.They work in a factory.2.不及物动词不及物动词 Intransitive Verb Look at the blackboard.Listen to me carefully.He turned off the light when he left.He picked it up and gave it back to me.Lets go on with the work.He gets along well with his classmates.Link Verbs 系动词系动词主+系+表 说明主语的状态、性质、特征、身份。状态系动词 be动词Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks.持续系动词 keep,remain,stayThis matter remains a mystery.表像系动词 seem,appearHe seems very sad.Link Verb感官系动词 feel,smell,sound,tasteI dont feel at ease.变化系动词 become,grow,turn,getHe became mad after that.终止系动词 prove,turn outHis plan turned out a success.Auxiliary Verbs 助动词助动词助动词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语。助动词+动词 构成时态、语态、否定句和疑问句等结构常用的助动词有哪些?be(is am are was were)have(has/had)do(does/did)will shall Modal Verbs 情态动词情态动词本身有一定的词义，但是不表示动作和状态，而仅仅表示说话人的态度。1)情态动词后面跟动词原型2)只有时态变化，没有人称变化 情态动词情态动词（1）can/could在表示请求允许的时候两者和互换，could比can语气更委婉。Can I help you?Could you open the window?在表示有能力作某事时，could是can的过去式。I can swim.I could swim at the age of five.情态动词情态动词3)May 表示请求别人允许。May I use your bike?表示可能性。He may be a teacher.He may live in this building.情态动词情态动词（3）Must/have toMust 表示主观意愿，否定句用Mustnt，否定回答用needntI must go now.You mustnt play in the street.Must I clean the room now?No,you neednt.have to表示客观条件的限制的“不得不”，它有时态和人称变化，需要助动词来否定和疑问。I dont have to carry the big box.He had to wash his clothes.动词的五种形式动词的五种形式动词的原形 第三人称单数 现在分词 过去分词 过去式 work works working worked workedsitstudyspeakweardrivesinkgrow动词的时态动词的时态 Verb Tense一般现在时 一般过去时一般将来时现在进行时现在完成时过去进行时过去完成时过去将来时一般一般现在在时be(is,am,arebe(is,am,are)do/does)do/does现在在进行行时be(is,am be(is,am are)doingare)doing现在完成在完成时have/has donehave/has done现在完成在完成进行行时have/has been have/has been doingdoing一般一般过去去时was/werewas/werediddid过去去进行行时was/were was/were doingdoing过去完成去完成时had donehad done过去完成去完成进行行时had been doing had been doing 一般将来一般将来时will/shall will/shall do do 将来将来进行行时will/shall will/shall be doing be doing 将来完成将来完成时will/shall will/shall have donehave done将来完成将来完成进行行时will/shall have will/shall have been doingbeen doing过去将来去将来时would/should would/should do do 过去将来去将来进行行时would/should would/should be doingbe doing过去将来完成去将来完成时would/should would/should have donehave done过去将来完成去将来完成进行行时would/should would/should have been doing have been doing 1.请把门打开好吗？Would you please open the door?2.Jack 总是把房间保持得很干净、整洁。Jack always keeps the room clean and tidy.3.他们去年在一家农场工作。They worked on a farm last year.4.我可以问你个问题吗？May I ask you a question?5.孩子们在放风筝。The children are flying a kite.6.从1998年以来他们一直住在这里。They have lived here since 1998.7.他在来这儿之前已经在苏州待了10年了。He had been in Suzhou for 10 years before he came here.8.你打算下周日做什么？我打算听音乐。What are you going to do next Sunday?I am going to listen to music.9.他的祖父去年死了。His grandfather died last year.10.看太多电视对你健康不好。Watching too much TV is bad for your health.一般现在时一般现在时 用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作 动词构成：动词原型.动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works 否定构成 ：dont+动原 doesnt+动原 一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,I do.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,he doesnt.特殊疑问举例：What do you often do on Sundays?Where does he live?常用时间状语：always,usually,sometimes,in spring,every day,in the morning ()1-_ they often _ these old men?-Yes,they_.A.Do;help;are B.Are;helping;are C.Do;help;do D.Are;helped;are ()2 They usually_TV in the evening.A.watch B.will watch C.are watching D.watches ()3The sun _ in the east and_ in the west.A.raises;set B.rise;sets C.rises;sets D.rises;set 练习练习用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当 前一段时间正在进行的动作常用时间状语：now,these days动词构成：am/is/are+现在分词(-ing)am/is/are working否定构成：am/is/are+not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,I am(he is.)No,they arent特殊疑问举例：What are you doing now?Who is flying a kite there?注意：go,come,leave,arrive,return,die等的进 行时可表示即将要发生的动作.有时表示即将发生的动作。现在进行时 ()1 _ you _ your homework now?A.Do;doing B.Are;doing C.Were;doing D.Does;do ()2 _ your mother _ shopping at the moment?A.Are;doing B.Is;doing C.Is;taking D.Are;taking ()3 _ the children _ the radio?A.Is;listening B.Is;listening to C.Are;listening to D.Are;listening用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：this evening,tomorrow,next month,in a few minutes,at the end of this term动词构成:1,will/shall+动原 2,am/is/are going to+动词原型 3,am/is/are(about)+动词不定式 4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词否定构成：will/shall not am/is/are not特殊疑问句举例:What will you do tomorrow?When are we going to have a class meeting?一般将来时1.Look at the clouds._.A.Its going to rain B.Itll be raining C.It will be rained D.If it rains 2.There_ two English films next week.A.is going to be B.are going to have C.will have D.are going to be3.There is going to_ a volleyball match on our school playground.The match is going to_ at six this evening.A.have;be B.be;have C.be;be D.have;have()1 _ here and ask him about it yesterday?A.Did you come B.Would you not go C.You didnt come D.Arent you go()2 _ he _ a good time last Sunday?A.Were;were B.Did;do C.Did;has D.Did;have()3 The students hardly studied the English language,_ they?A.did B.didnt C.were D.werent用法:1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作，强调对现在的影响 2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：already,just,never,before,recently,in the past few years,ever,so far,since+过去的时间点,for+一段时间动词构成：have/has+过去分词(-ed)否定构成：have/has not+过去分词一般疑问构成：Have/Has+主语+过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：What have you done recently?How long has he lived in Beijing?备注：暂时性动词不能与for,since,How long等 表示段时间 的短语同时使用。现在完成时用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,last night,two days ago,in 2000,at that time,before liberation，when从句 动词构成：动词过去时（-ed）否定构成：didnt+动原 构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？特殊疑问句举例：What did he do yesterday?When did he get up this morning?一般过去式()1 _ you _ the novel that I lent you last week?A.Did;finish B.Have;finished C.Are;finished D.Do;finish()2 He _ in our school for 20 years and he _ here in 1977.A.has taught;came B.has taught;has come C.taught;came D.has teached;has came()3 They are late.The film _ for five minutes.A.has begun B.has started C.has been on D.began用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生 的动作常用时间状语：at this time yesterday,at that time,at ten oclock yesterday或when引导的从句动词构成：was/were+现在分词(-ing)否定构成：was/were not+现在分词一般疑问构成及简答举例:Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,I was.No,I wasnt特殊疑问句举例：What were you dong this time yesterday?Where was he standing when the teacher came in?过去进行时()1 _the Blacks _TV at seven yesterday?A.Did;watch B.Are,watching C.Were;watching D.Do;watch()2 The scientist_ a walk in his garden at four last Sunday.A.was taking B.would take C.took D.was taken()3 What_ from nine to ten last night?A.did you do B.had you done C.have you done D.were you doing用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾从常用时间状语：the next week等动词构成：1、would/should+动原 2、was/were going to+动原 3、was/were(about)to+动原否定构成：would/should not was/were not常用if或whether引导宾从特殊疑问句举例：He asked what they would do the next week.过去将来时用法：1、过去某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。2、过去某一时间的动作延续到过去另一时间常用时间状语：by that time,by the end of ,when/before+从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中动词构成:had+过去分词(-ed)否定构成:had not+过去分词一般疑问构成：Had+主语+过去分词+其它？Yes,I had.No,I hadnt.特殊疑问句举例：How many English words had you learned by the end of last term?过去完成时
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